江苏常熟—太仓5.1级地震的破裂特征及其可能的前兆机制

这次地震前震中附近地区的地震活动随时间呈波浪式起伏,形成了小震条带,出现了小震群;地下水(水位、水温)异常非常强烈;地形变和地磁异常也观测到了.分析发现:前兆不是沿断裂带分布,而主要是位于近震中(≤50km)的破裂面法线方向;震中附近的断裂没有穿过震中.这次地震看来不是沿原有断裂的错动,而是块体内产生新的错动,属于块断型地震,似可用IPE模式解释一些前兆现象.     

内乡-镇平4.7级地震及震后应急

内乡 -镇平 4 7级地震 ,是河南省解放以来唯一一次造成人员伤亡的地震事件。本文对这次地震的震害及烈度进行了考察评定 ,总结了有关部门的震后应急措施 ,讨论了从这次地震中应吸取的经验教训。     

六省市地震宣传工作研讨会在苏州举行

<正> 江苏,山东、安徽、河南、河北、上海六省市地震宣传研讨会于1989年11月7日到10日在苏州举行.这次会议的目的是交流地震宣传工作经验,探索地震宣传工作的客观规律,推动地震宣传工作的开展,以提高民族防灾意识,减轻地震灾害。参加这次会议的除六省市从事地震宣传工作的同志外。还有辽宁省和湖北省地震局的代表。国家地震局,     

陕西石泉ML4.9级地震建筑物震害分析

2003年4月24日陕西省石泉县红卫乡一带发生ML4.9级地震.这次地震对石泉、汉阴等县建筑物特别是农村建筑物造成一定程度的破坏,本文统计了不同类型的房屋建筑破坏情况,并对此进行了分析和探讨.     

1556年华县地震人口死亡原因浅析

据统计,在有文字记载的人类四千余年的历史长河中,地震共夺去了一千三百余万牲灵。发生在1556年1月23日陕西关中东部的8级大地震,以其在一次地震中造成的死亡人数最多而称著于世,国内外多种文献都把这次地震造成的人口死亡数作为地震的奇灾大祸加以引用。那么,史料上记载的这次地震的死亡人数是否可信呢?为什么这次地震能够造成如此的亘古横祸?     

云南大姚6.1级地震多层砖砌体和框架房屋震害研究

介绍了云南大姚6.1级地震多层砖砌体和钢筋砼框架结构房屋震害、不同烈度区的平均震害指数和震害预测计算,分析了震害原因, 并与实际震害作了对比,总结了这次地震防御和减轻震害的经验与教训,其结果对地震灾区的恢复重建将起到积极作用.     

对甘肃民乐--山丹6.1级地震震害的几点认识

甘肃民乐-山丹MS6.1级地震虽属中等强度地震,但却造成了大量房屋的破坏,且夺去了10人的宝贵生命,这充分暴露出了我国西部贫穷地区一些建筑结构抗震能力极差的弱点.列举了地震区内不同结构类型房屋及民乐、山丹两县水利系统各种结构在这次地震中的表现.通过对其震害的描述,初步分析了破坏原因,并相应提出了一些建议.     

2004年12月26日印尼8.7级强震后江苏地区同震效应分析

在2004年12月26日印尼苏门答腊北部发生8.7级强烈地震后,对江苏省地震前兆观测资料进行了及时的清理和分析,发现凡是能监测地下应力活动的前兆观测手段,如应变、地倾斜、水温和水位,在这次特大地震的震后都记录到了显著的异常,且异常的表现形式各不相同,将这些异常列出并浅析之,以期对进一步深入研究这次地震对我国未来地震趋势的影响有所帮助。     

1668年山东郯城81／2级地震水灾分析

文以历史记载为依据,对1668年7月25日山东郯城地震的水灾进行了分析,总结出这次地震水灾的几个特点。     

金湖4.2级地震调查

<正> 1970年10月29日14时32分49秒,金湖县卞塘乡一带(北纬32°54’,东经119°06’),发生了(Ms)4.2级地震,震源深度15公里,震中区位于金湖凹陷南部,这是苏中地区现代发生的一次较大地震。时隔20年,为弥补这次地震有关资料的空白,笔者组织了对这次地震的调查工作。     

突出重点 全面防御 健全体系 强化管理 社会参与 共同抵御

陈建民局长在2011年全国地震局长会暨党风廉政建设工作会议上指出,科学规划＂十二五＂时期的事业发展,按照＂科学防灾、积极避灾＂的要求,大力开展基础探测工作,加强抗震设防要求与行业抗震设计规范的衔接,强化监管,把防震保安工作纳入新农村建设,全面提升民居的抗震能力,实现有效减灾。     

岩土矿物与疾病

地方病是与地质环境有一定依存性的疾病。它的致病物质除直接来自人类生产和生活制品外,主要源于自然界的大气、水土、岩石中。换言之,人类生存发育与一定地区的水、土和生物化学元素含量有关,当某些元素含量过高,与人需要量不相适应时,就可能导致人发生某种疾病。归纳与地质因素有关的地方病有甲状腺肿(克汀病)、克山病、硒中毒、氟中毒、铜毒、铅毒症、不孕症、食道癌、肝癌、布鲁氏菌病、鼻咽癌、口腔癌、乳腺癌等。     

陕西汉中“98.7”洪涝灾害剖析

对汉中市１９９８年７月上旬的雨情、灾情作了初步统计,分析了致灾原因及经验与教训。     

Foundations of community disaster resilience: well-being,identity, services,and capitals

If community disaster resilience is to mature into a robust and lasting area of research, methodologically facilitated dialogue between empirical observations and theory is necessary. However, methodological and empirical research has outpaced community disaster resilience theory. To address this gap, a theoretical framework called WISC is presented. WISC is named after four constructs of the framework: well-being, identity, services, and capitals. WISC relates the two concepts of community and infrastructure, broadly defined, to the four constructs it is named after. The 4 constructs are respectively defined by 29 variables. The broadest interpretation of WISC is that infrastructure supports and facilitates components of community within human settlements. Infrastructure is represented as combinations of capitals and services; community is represented by connections of identity and well-being. Ultimately, well-being of a community is dependent on that community's collective capital. But these two constructs are mediated by the intervening constructs of identity and services. WISC goes beyond existing frameworks by addressing essential elements of theory building that have been overlooked in the literature, while synthesizing other frameworks and areas of knowledge. WISC provides a powerful foundation for posing and evaluating hypotheses, improving data collection efforts, and, most importantly, enabling critical theory building.     

Ethnicity,income, and disaster preparedness in Deep South Texas,United States

This paper examines the influence of a series of demographic and socioeconomic factors on preparedness outcomes for a sample of residents of the Rio Grande Valley in the southernmost part of Texas, United States. Data were collected as part of the regional Pulse of the Valley Study, a general social survey of south Texas residents conducted by the Center for Survey Research at the University of Texas‐Rio Grande Valley. The purpose of this investigation is to understand better the effects of ethnicity and income on preparedness within a region of the US that suffers from widespread poverty and limited infrastructure and is prone to flooding and hurricanes. Taken together, the results suggest that while age, disaster experience, and income are associated with preparedness, the relationship between preparedness and ethnicity remains complex. Furthermore, policymakers should consider initiatives that address the socioeconomic and other issues that shape preparedness for a disaster.     

Social entrepreneurship,co-production,and post-disaster recovery

Post-disaster recovery requires co-production; that is, the inputs of citizens are essential for successful community recovery to occur. Citizens contribute to post-disaster recovery by volunteering, taking on consultative and decision-making roles within their communities, and directly participating in post-disaster reconstruction efforts. Without meaning ful contributions from citizens—the intended beneficiaries—unilateral efforts by public officials and authorities will inevitably fail. This study shows that social entrepreneurs can thus play a critical role in spurring post-disaster recovery by facilitating co-production. It focuses on the role of social entrepreneurs after disasters and centres on one rural village, Giranchaur Namuna Basti in the Sindhupalchowk District of Nepal. Specifically, the study uses the case of the Dhurmus Suntali Foundation's Namuna village project in Giranchaur following the 7.8-magnitude earthquake that struck on 25 April 2015 to examine the pivotal role that social entrepreneurs assume in promoting voluntary activities, community engagement, and participation in post-disaster recovery efforts.     

滇、桂、粤、闽、台灾害链讨论

由于对洪水、台风和巨大风暴潮的长期预测尚有一定困难，因之需要多学科进行综合研究。本文通过对滇、桂、粤、闽、台地区历史上大震后同年或次年发生上述重大气象灾害的事实，讨论了灾害链的预测，同时也讨论了灾害链的形成机制，包括构造活动、北回归线效应以及孟加拉湾大桥活动的双重后果。文中还提出了4条减灾对策。