天津污灌区耕作土壤中多环芳烃的纵向分布

研究了天津污灌区土壤剖面中多环芳烃含量的分布特征，几个代表性样点的研究表明，天津市郊水稻田中PAHs含量最高，菜地含量居次，高粱地含量最低。PAHs总含量在土壤剖面的纵向分布总体上是随着土壤剖面的加深而降低。由于长期污水的淹灌作用，水稻田中PAHs含量出现了局部异常高值。用萘(Nap)、菲(Phe)和苯并[a]芘(Bap)作为高低环组分的代表物质分析PAHs在土壤剖面的分布规律，发现Nap、Phe和Bap的含量在纵向剖面上变化趋势基本相同，总体上含量随着剖面的加深而降低。比较单个组分含量在土壤剖面中的变化，在犁底层以下，Bap的含量基本上低于检测限，而Nap的含量在整个土壤剖面中均高于Bap。PAHs含量在土壤剖面上的分布主要受其物理化学性质、土壤中有机碳和粘粒含量的影响。     

某钢铁企业表层土壤中多环芳烃含量特征与生态风险评价

采集我国某大型钢铁企业22个表层土壤(0—20 cm)样品,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析了其中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量,并采用荷兰、加拿大土壤标准及苯并[a]芘的毒性当量浓度(TEQBa P)对PAHs生态风险进行评价.结果表明,土壤中∑16PAHs含量范围为21.0—20062.0μg·kg~(-1),平均值为2564.7μg·kg~(-1),单体以Flu、Pyr的含量最高,较之背景点土壤中PAHs含量,平均富集系数为22.9(Bk F)—304.0(Flu).与国内同类研究相比,该钢铁厂表层土壤中PAHs污染处于中等水平.各采样点中PAHs组成主要以4环为主,占31.9%—100%,5环组分仅次于4环.相关性分析表明,PAHs低环(2—3环)与中环(4环)组分之间相关性更强,且二者与TOC相关性较高环组分显著.50.0%的采样点超过荷兰土壤标准目标参考值,该钢铁厂表层土壤已处于中等风险水平,污染主要集中在球团厂、焦化厂、炼铁厂和厂前交通繁忙区.其土壤潜在风险已呈增加趋势,有必要进行能源结构改造并加强污染监控.     

不同焦化厂土壤中多环芳烃污染特征比较研究

为研究焦化生产对土壤多环芳烃(PAHs)污染规律,采集北京、重庆和太原地区3个焦化厂地块的土壤样品共1 437个,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法测定US EPA优先控制的16种PAHs质量含量。结果表明,北京、重庆和太原地区3个焦化厂污染土壤中总多环芳烃(ΣPAHs)质量含量最大值分别为10 647.2、39 332.7和19 381.9 mg·kg~(-1),PAHs污染都很严重,其中5环PAHs对ΣPAHs毒性的贡献率最大(63.01%～78.61%)。在垂直方向上,GB 36600—2018《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤风险管控标准》中8种优先管控的PAHs质量含量最大值随着土壤深度的增加而降低,其中,重庆场地土壤中污染物质量含量最大值随着土壤深度增加而减少的降低速率明显低于其他2个场地。同分异构比值法分析结果表明,北京、重庆和太原地区3个焦化厂来源于煤炭燃烧的PAHs占比分别为88.46%～90.38%、83.56%～98.17%和74.56%～92.96%,焦化厂土壤中PAHs仍存在少部分石油泄露、燃烧等污染源。北京、重庆和太原场地8种PAHs超过GB 36600—2018一类、二类管制值的最大比例分别为8.23%、5.18%,15.34%、9.77%及13.72%、8.68%,北京和重庆某焦化厂土壤再开发利用的健康风险更高。研究显示,在0～20 m深度,焦化厂搬迁后其旧址的土壤中依然残留着较高质量含量PAHs,环境风险较高。相似焦化厂场地土壤中PAHs污染特征与其所在区域以及土壤地层分布差异密切相关,地层分布在很大程度上会影响PAHs在土壤中的赋存和迁移,且对高环PAHs的影响相对于低环PAHs较小。该文研究结果可为焦化工业不同污染场所的土壤修复和环境风险评估提供参考。     

福州市道路灰尘中多环芳烃粒径分布、生物可利用度及其毒性当量

以福州道路灰尘为研究对象,研究了不同粒径灰尘(>250μm、250—53μm和<53μm)中多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量和组成,并利用体外消化模型结合固相萃取技术评估了不同粒径灰尘中PAHs的生物可利用度以及有效态PAHs的苯并(a)芘(BaP)毒性当量浓度(TEQ_BaP).结果表明,(1)不同粒径灰尘中PAHs总量随粒径减小而增加(>250μm,0.597 mg·kg^-1;250—53μm,1.235 mg·kg^-1;<53μm,3.931 mg·kg^-1).不同粒径灰尘中PAHs组成基本相同,都为4环(58.5%±0.8%)>5环(21.5%±0.4%)>3环(13.3%±0.9%)>6环(4.8%±0.2%)>2环(2.0%±0.3%);(2)不同粒径灰尘中有效态PAHs总量随粒径减小而增加,但>250μm粒径灰尘中PAHs的生物可利用度显著高于250—53μm和<53μm粒径灰尘(P<0.05).总体上,低环(2环、3环和4环)...     

草原退化与恢复过程中土壤有机矿质复合体分组研究

对采自处于不同发展方向和阶段的草原土壤分组提取有机矿质复合体，并对它的质量分数、腐殖质质量分数和组成、Ｃ／Ｎ比值等的变化做了分析，试图从土壤复合体变化的角度去认识草原的退化和恢复过程。研究发现土壤腐殖质绝大部分集中于粘粒和粉粒级复合体；退化草原恢复时，复合体腐殖质质量分数增加，并且组成也发生变化；而草原轻度退化时，复合体腐殖质质量分数会减少，但组成不会变化。     

北京市某废弃焦化厂不同车间土壤中多环芳烃（PAHs）的分布特征及风险评价

以北京市某废弃焦化厂为研究对象,系统采集了6个车间0～4m深的26个土壤样本,利用GC/MS检测了U.S.EPA优控的16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量,分析了PAHs在焦化厂不同车间表层土壤的污染状况和深层土壤中的垂直分布特征并对土壤污染风险进行了评估.结果表明,1)该废弃焦化厂不同车间表层土壤(0～20cm)总PAHs(∑PAHs)的残留量介于672.8～144814.3ng·g-1之间;污染程度排序为:回收车间>老粗苯车间>焦油车间>炼焦车间>水处理车间>制气车间.2)该厂未受扰动的土壤样品显示PAHs主要聚集在表层土壤,并随着土壤深度的增加而迅速减少;其他样点由于土壤扰动,∑PAHs含量最大值出现在第三层土壤(80～180cm);该厂4m深底层土壤仍有高浓度PAHs,∑PAHs含量最高值出现在炼焦车间,达12953.1ng·g-1.3)焦化厂土壤PAHs污染主要集中在3环和4环的PAHs单体上,分别占到污染总量的51.3%和31.7%.4)根据Maliszewska-Kordybach的PAHs总量标准及加拿大土壤PAHs单体治理标准,该厂回收、老粗苯、焦油和炼焦车间表层和深层土壤PAHs含量均达到重污染水平,并对其周围土地带来较大风险,需要治理.     

焦化厂污染土壤中18种PAHs分布特征及健康风险评估

为研究焦化厂土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染特征及其健康风险,以某焦化厂为目标,布设260个点位,根据各点位污染情况,采集不同深度的土壤样品共780件。通过分析样品中18种PAHs含量,探讨了不同判定标准下厂区土壤中PAHs总体污染程度以及不同功能区污染状况特征,同时根据HJ 25.3—2019《建设用地土壤污染风险评估技术导则》对厂区内18种PAHs进行健康风险评价。结果表明：(1)该焦化厂污染水平较高,且厂区污染在空间上表现出强烈非均质性。厂区内PAHs以2～3环为主,占比为58.82%,4～6环PAHs占比为41.48%。厂区内以苯并[a]芘为基准的6种主要风险PAHs的毒性当量浓度(TEQ_Bap)分布特征与总PAHs(∑₁₈PAHs)含量分布具有一致性。(2)不同功能区表层土壤PAHs含量均值从高到低依次为污水处理区>化产区>焦炉区>锅炉发电厂>煤炭储存区>办公区。不同功能区低环与中高环PAHs含量比值不同,表明各区域污染物来源存在差异。(3)厂区内主要健康风险来源于化合物的致癌风险,不同功能区的致癌风险...     

化学工业区周边土壤中多环芳烃含量、来源及健康风险评估

于2015年6月采集日照市岚山化工园区和临沂市罗庄华宇电解铝厂周围土壤样品,分析了16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量和组成,研究了距化工区不同距离的土壤中PAHs含量和组成的变化、来源及健康风险.结果表明,岚山化工园区周围土壤中PAHs总含量(∑_(16)PAHs)(2764.2—3435.9μg·kg~(-1))略高于华宇电解铝厂周边土壤中∑_(16)PAHs(2729.7—3047.5μg·kg~(-1)),均达到重度污染.两化工厂周边土壤中各环数PAHs所占比例大小顺序均为4环5环3环2环和6环,但各PAHs化合物的组成存在差异.距化工区越远,土壤中∑_(16)PAHs含量越低,但各环数PAHs含量变化不一致.同分异构体比值法结果表明,两化工厂PAHs主要来源是燃煤和石油燃烧.正定矩阵因子分解法表明,岚山化工园区周围土壤PAHs的来源中燃煤源占36%,汽油和柴油燃烧源占21.6%,生物质燃烧源占19.1%,石油源和焦炭燃烧混合源占19.3%.华宇电解铝厂周围土壤PAHs的来源中燃煤源占33.5%,汽油燃烧源占24.8%,柴油燃烧源占31.4%,生物质燃烧源占10.3%.岚山化工园区周围土壤PAHs来源中燃煤源所占比例高于华宇电解铝厂,汽油和柴油燃烧源所占比例低于华宇电解铝厂.岚山化工园区和华宇电解铝厂周边土壤中PAHs的总Ba P_(eq)平均值分别为326.7μg·kg~(-1)和441.1μg·kg~(-1),均低于加拿大土壤质量指导值600μg·kg~(-1).健康风险评估表明,华宇电解铝厂总ILCRs值(3.9×10~(-6)—6.0×10~(-6))高于岚山化工园区(2.9×10~(-6)—4.5×10~(-6)).两化工厂周围土壤总ILCRs值大于1×10~(-6),均存在潜在的致癌风险.     

呼伦贝尔草原土壤粘粉粒组分对有机碳和全氮含量的影响

土壤在维持全球碳、氮循环中起着重要的作用。利用土壤粒级分组的方法,分析了呼伦贝尔草原土壤有机碳、全氮、阳离子交换量,并探讨其空间差异与成因。结果表明,(1)在呼伦贝尔草原,土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)在不同地质发育的土壤类型中变异较大,而土壤粘粉粒组分中的有机碳(SOCclay-silt)、全氮(TNclay-silt)质量分数变异较小。在土壤表层(0~20cm),SOC、TN质量分数分别介于0.24%~3.70%、0.0316~0.3403mg/kg,而SOCclay-silt、TNclay-silt平均质量分数分别为3.61%±0.50%、0.3440%±0.0251%。在土壤下层(20~40cm),SOC、TN质量分数分别介于0.13%~2.91%、0.0175~0.2511mg/kg,而SOCclay-silt、TNclay-silt平均值分别为2.65%±0.63%、0.2622%±0.0923%。(2)土壤有机碳、全氮与土壤粘粉粒比例之间呈显著的正相关,表明土壤粘粉粒比例愈高,土壤有机碳和全氮在土壤中稳定性就愈强。     

南京市不同功能区林业土壤多环芳烃含量与来源分析

城市林业土壤是城市绿色景观的重要载体,随着人们生态意识的增强,对城市林业土壤生态环境的关注也越来越多。为了解城市林业土壤中多环芳烃的污染情况和来源特征,以南京市城市林业土壤为研究对象,根据其分布特点对8类典型功能区进行采样,采用高效液相色谱法和分子标记物比值法,测定了土样中16种优先控制多环芳烃的含量,分析了城市林业土壤中多环芳烃污染水平、富集情况、分布情况及来源特征。结果表明:南京市城市林业不同功能区72个土壤样品的多环芳烃平均含量为(487.7±264.3)μg·kg~(-1),变化范围为156.7~1523.3μg·kg~(-1),各土样均受到污染,其中83.3%的样品呈轻度污染水平,不同功能区土壤PAHs污染程度存在差异;不同功能区城市林业表层土壤多环芳烃含量水平表现为:城市立交桥(949.3μg·kg~(-1))道路绿化带(550.1μg·kg~(-1))学校(525.4μg·kg~(-1))居民区(513.0μg·kg~(-1))发电厂(501.4μg·kg~(-1))垃圾填埋厂(328.7μg·kg~(-1))近郊森林(293.8μg·kg~(-1))远郊森林(271.7μg·kg~(-1)),中层和下层土壤PAHs含量表现出类似规律;土样中PAHs含量与SOC和BC含量均表现显著相关性,相同的显著性检验水平下BC含量与PAHs含量具有较强相关关系。垃圾填埋场、发电厂、城市立交桥、居民区等功能区表层土壤表现出富集现象,其他功能区土壤表现出一定的逆向富集趋势。南京市城市林业土壤中PAHs来源以生物质和煤炭燃烧源及机动车排放源为主,少数土样存在石油源。     

Distribution pattern of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in particle-size fractions of coking plant soils from different depth

The concentrations of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in four size fractions (<2, 2–20, 20–200, >200 μm) in soils at different depth from a heavily contaminated crude benzol production facility of a coking plant were determined using GC–MS. Vertically, elevated total PAHs concentrations were observed in the soils at 3.0–4.5 m (layer B) and 6.0–7.5 m (layer C), relatively lower at 1.5–3.0 m (layer A) and 10.5–12.0 m (layer D). At all sampling sites, the silt (2–20 μm) contained the highest PAHs concentration (ranged from 726 to 2,711 mg/kg). Despite the substantial change in PAHs concentrations in soils with different particle sizes and lithologies, PAHs composition was similarly dominated by 2–3 ring species (86.5–98.3 %), including acenaphthene, fluorene, and phenanthrene. For the contribution of PAHs mass in each fraction to the bulk soil, the 20–200 μm size fraction had the greatest accumulation of PAHs in loamy sand layers at 1.0–7.5 m, increasing with depth; while in deeper sand layer at 10.5–12.0 m, the >200 μm size fraction showed highest percentages and contributed 81 % of total PAHs mass. For individual PAH distribution, the 2–3 ring PAHs were highly concentrated in the small size fraction (<2 and 2–20 μm); the 4–6 ring PAHs showed the highest concentrations in the 2–20 μm size fraction, increasing with depth. The distribution of PAHs was primarily determined by the sorption on soil organic matter and the characteristics of PAHs. This research should have significant contribution to PAH migration study and remediation design for PAHs-contaminated sites.     

Trace metals distribution and their dependence on some physico-chemical parameters in creek sediment

The concentrations of the trace metals Mn, Zn, Cr, V, Co, Ni, Ba, Pb, Cu, Cd, As and Hg, their spatial distribution, and their correlation as a function of physico-chemical parameters were investigated for grab sediment samples collected from different locations across the Thane Creek, Mumbai, India. Hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, and differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry were adopted for chemical analyses. Various geochemical indices were evaluated. The studied metal/metalloids were compared with sediment quality guideline values. Besides, the role of different physico-chemical parameters of the sediments such as pH, CaCO₃, cation exchange capacity, total carbon, and of the relative composition in respect to very coarse, coarse and medium sand, fine sand and very fine sand, silt and clay fraction were also critically investigated. Positive one-to-one correlations between fine sand and very fine sand, silt and clay, and total carbon with sediment metal concentrations have been noticed. Multiple regression analysis reveals strong positive correlations between sediment metal concentrations and total carbon content only.     

退耕还湖后安庆沿江湿地土壤颗粒分形特征

以安庆沿江不同退耕还湖方式(白荡湖区,低坝高网式养鱼;菜子湖区,自然恢复湿地)和不同历史利用方式(水耕和旱耕)的湿地土壤为研究对象,分析退耕还湖后湿地土壤的颗粒分形特征变化。结果表明,退耕还湖后白荡湖区湿地土壤颗粒分形维数和<0.01 mm粒径颗粒含量降低,且历史水耕湿地土壤颗粒分形维数降幅小于历史旱耕湿地;菜子湖区湿地土壤颗粒分形维数和<0.01 mm粒径颗粒含量升高,且历史水耕湿地土壤颗粒分形维数增幅大于历史旱耕湿地。2个湖区湿地土壤颗粒分形维数与土壤细黏粒、粗黏粒和细粉粒含量呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与粗粉粒、细砂粒和粗砂粒含量呈显著负相关(P<0.01),与土壤有机质、全磷和有效氮含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),土壤颗粒分形维数和土壤养分含量的聚类分析结果总体相似。土壤颗粒分形维数可作为评价退耕还湖后湿地生态恢复过程中土壤演变状况的重要参考指标。     

北京城市道路积尘多环芳烃的粒度分布特征及其影响因素

对北京城市不同道路类型的道路积尘进行了为期16个月的采样,分别分析了道路尘的粒径、多环芳烃及TOC.道路积尘的粒径呈三峰态分布,<75 μm部分的颗粒所占体积最大,>214 μm部分颗粒所占体积最小.>214 μm这部分颗粒中的多环芳烃质量分数最低,<75μm和75～214μm这两部分颗粒中多环芳烃的质量分数没有显著差异,但由于<75μm部分颗粒所占的体积和质量比例最大,这部分颗粒的多环芳烃累积量所占比例最高.不同道路的积尘粒径存在差异,海淀路和成府路机动车道的积尘颗粒相比自行车道和人行道的颗粒更粗.由于粒径分布的差异和多环芳烃质量分数的差异,不同类型道路的多环芳烃累积量的粒径分布呈现差异.多环芳烃质量分数和累积量的粒度分布也呈现季节差异,冬春季<75 μm颗粒中的多环芳烃质量分数最高,多环芳烃的累积量所占比例也较夏秋季高.在三个粒级中,TOC与多环芳烃质量分数均呈现显著的正相关.高比例的细颗粒及细颗粒中的多环芳烃使得道路积尘再悬浮进入大气以及随湿沉降进入地表径流的环境风险加大.     

Neue Aspekte in der Behandlung von Siedlungsabflüssen

The surface runoff from urban areas is one of the most important sources of pollutants emitted into surface waters. Suspended solids which act as a transport vehicle for many anthropogenic pollutants (e.?g. heavy metals, PAH) are a key factor in this regard. The development of efficient measures of storm water runoff treatment thus requires a further differentiation of suspended solids in a fine (clay and silt) and coarse (sand and gravel) fraction. Both fractions show distinctly different characteristics in pollutant loading, transport and retention on urban surfaces and sewer systems. The primary aim of storm water runoff treatment is the reduction of the fine particles which are always highly loaded with anthropogenic pollutants. In contrast the coarse particles are almost unpolluted especially if they have a low organic share. The widespread sedimentation tanks with surface loadings between 10 and 2?m/h are very inefficient. A significant, save and lasting reduction of the emitted load of fine particles requires a considerable reduction of the surface loads. That can be achieved with the installation of lamellar settler or the utilization of the very large volumes of flood management tanks frequently present in urban areas. Filtration plants are highly efficient but there application in urban areas is limited due to their high space demands.     

Occurrence and particle-size distributions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the ambient air of coking plant

The purpose of this study was to characterize the occurrence and size distributions of ten species of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the ambient air of coking plants. Particulate-matter samples of four size fractions, including ≤2.1, 2.1–4.2, 4.2–10.2, and ≥10.2 μm, were collected using a Staplex234 cascade impactor during August 2009 at two coking plants in Shanxi, China. The PAHs were analyzed by a gas chromatograph equipped with a mass-selective detector. The concentrations of total particulate-matter PAHs were 1,412.7 and 2,241.1 ng/m³ for plants I and II, and the distributions showed a peak within the 0.1–2.1 μm size range for plant I and the 0.1–4.2 μm for plant II. The size distributions of individual PAHs (except fluoranthene) exhibited a considerable peak within the 0.1–2.1 μm size range in coking plant I, which can be explained by the gas–particle partition mechanism. The ambient air of the coking plant was heavily polluted by PAHs associated with fine particles (≤2.1 μm), and benzo[b]fluoranthene made the largest contribution to total PAHs. The exposure levels of coking-plant workers to PAHs associated with fine particles were higher than to PAHs associated with coarse particles. Benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene should be the primary pollutants monitored in the coking plant. This research constitutes a significant contribution to assessing the exposure risk of coking-plant workers and providing basic data for PAH standards for ambient air in coking plants.     

Sediment preferences and oil contamination in the Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus

Sand lance, Ammodytes hexapterus Pallas, forage for zooplankton in the water column and are under heavy predation from fish, marine birds and marine mammals. To avoid predation, these fish bury themselves in soft bottom sediments when not foraging and during overwintering. We collected sand lance in Sequim Bay, Washington State, USA, in 1982. In three experiments we presented the fish with: (1) four different sediment types (fine sand, coarse sand, gravel, silt) to determine their sediment preferences; (2) clean and oil-contaminated preferred sediment to determine whether the fish would avoid the contamination; and (3) clean unpreferred and oil-contaminated preferred sediment to determine whether the contamination would alter their sediment preferences. In the first experiment, sand lance preferred to bury in fine and coarse sands and avoided gravel and silt. In the second experiment, sand lance avoided sand contaminated with Prudhoe Bay crude oil (116 and 1050 ppm). In the third experiment, sand lance avoided the oiled sand (131 and 1041 ppm) and buried in clean gravel, and also avoided both oiled sand (113 and 1004 ppm) and clean silt, and chose to remain in the water column. The sediment particle size and the way it affects water flow through the sediment seemed to be responsible for the preferences. We suggest that the sediment type, the sediment distribution, the nutritional state of the fish, and the predation pressure influence how sand lance use the sediment as a refuge and how they respond to contamination of that refuge.Contribution No. 1392 of the School of Oceanography, University of Washington     

Nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric particulate matter of Athens,Greece

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (N-PAHs) are chemical species of proven mutant and carcinogenic activity. In this study, the concentrations of seven different N-PAHs [2-nitronaphthalene (2N-NAP), 2-nitroflourene (2N-FLU), 2-nitroflouranthene (2N-FLA), 3-nitroflouranthene (3N-FLA), 1-nitropyrene (1N-PYR) and 2-nitropyrene (2N-PYR)] were determined in two fractions of atmospheric particulate matter from the atmosphere of Athens: coarse (2.4 μm?10 μm ) and fine (<2.4 μm ). 3N-FLA was not detected, whereas 1N-PYR, mostly originating from emissions from burning fuel, showed the maximum observed concentrations for both fractions and for the whole experimental period (especially during winter). In addition, 2N-FLA, a secondary nitro-PAH produced by photochemical reactions, showed relatively high values. Analysis of statistical data for N-PAH concentrations, using clustering technique, showed that: (1) 1N-NAP, 2N-FLU and 1N-PYR are mainly produced by direct burning; and (2) photochemical reactions are the dominant sources of 2N-NAP, 2N-PYR and 2N-FLA.     

水稻土团聚体中Cu~(2+)的解吸动力学特征

用磁力搅拌法和平衡吸附法研究了水稻土的原土和团聚体颗粒吸附态Cu2+的解吸动力学特征.结果表明,原土和团聚体颗粒Cu2+的解吸率大小顺序为粗粉砂级粉砂级原土砂粒级粘粒级,与其有机质、游离氧化铁、氧化铝含量大小顺序相反.Cu2+解吸过程可分为快、慢两个解吸阶段,快解吸阶段属于非专性吸附态Cu2+的解吸,慢解吸阶段属于专性吸附松结合态Cu2+的解吸.用一级动力学方程、E lovich方程和双常数方程模拟Cu2+的解吸过程,相关性均达显著水平.磨细后的原土Cu2+的解吸速率和解吸进度均大于4个粒组团聚体颗粒.Cu2+的解吸速率和解吸量与土壤表面Cu2+的吸附形态有关.