粉煤灰在建筑材料中的资源化利用现状

粉煤灰是电厂排放的大宗固体废弃物,其资源化利用一直是政府和专家学者极为关注的问题.结合粉煤灰的性质特点,介绍了粉煤灰在建筑材料方面资源化利用的一些新途径和应用现状.     

粉煤灰的资源化利用与循环经济

阐述了燃煤固体产物粉煤灰的形成过程及其物理和化学特性，并对其利用潜力进行了系统评价，提出了建立粉煤灰资源化利用和发展循环经济相结合的发展模式。     

粉煤灰表面设计改性及功能化研究进展

当前粉煤灰的主要利用方法集中在提取其有用成分、作为填充料、处理废水或制作地聚物等方面,对其改性的研究也主要集中在增加空隙率、增大比表面积、提高吸附能力等方面。对粉煤灰颗粒进行表面改性再功能化的方法是提高其高附加值利用的主要手段之一。通过对粉煤灰表面功能化改性设计,得到了如疏水涂层、调湿材料、空气净化材料等功能材料,拓展了粉煤灰的应用范围,促进了粉煤灰的资源化,达到环境保护的目的。     

我国粉煤灰高值应用研究进展

结合粉煤灰的性质及化学成分组成,综述了粉煤灰在制备白炭黑、沸石、水处理和在稀有金属回收方面的高值应用的新途径和应用现状。粉煤灰目前主要应用在建筑、交通等行业,虽然能在短时间内快速提高利用率,但均为低附加值产品,并未充分发挥潜在的价值,大力开发粉煤灰的高附加值产品是今后粉煤灰资源化利用技术研究的主要方向。     

粉煤灰在废水处理中的应用

粉煤灰作为一种可再资源化的工业固体废弃物日益引起关注.粉煤灰处理废水的机理主要是吸附作用,影响粉煤灰吸附性能的主要因素有温度、粉煤灰粒度、pH值、吸附质性质、灰水比,粉煤灰处理生活污水、城市废水、印染废水、重金属废水、含氟、磷、有机质废水、造纸废水等应用前景广阔.     

搞好灰渣治理 造福蓉城人民——“成都市粉煤灰资源化研究会”成立十周年巡礼

“成都市粉煤灰资源化研究会”成立十年来,紧紧围绕成都市粉煤灰综合利用的开发和治理,深入开展学术交流、科学试验及推广应用、技术咨询、科学普及等工作,使成都市的粉煤灰综合利用工作得到很大发展。     

电厂粉煤灰处理生活污水可行性研究

目前，山西省总发电装机容量达5024MW，其中火电占96％，年排灰量300余万吨，每排废水9600余万吨。预计到2000年，年排灰量将达1300余万吨，年排废水将达30000余万吨。因此，对燃煤电厂的废渣和废水进行综合治理污水资源化是当前环境保护的重要课题。为了探索利用火电厂粉煤灰处理生活污水，再将污水回收利用，我们对神头电厂生活污水不经生物处理直接冲灰进行了现场试验．在实验室进行了小型试验，探讨了粉煤灰处理生活污水的可行性，为火电厂提供了一种新的、经济可行的生活污水和粉煤灰综合治理方法。1试验基本情况试验从1989年3月至199…     

养殖废水的资源化综合利用探讨

养殖废水是引起水生态环境污染的重要因素之一,具有水量及污染负荷大等特点,造成了巨大的环境压力。养殖废水作为污染源,常常是处理达标后加以排放,并未重视其资源化利用。因此如何有效利用养殖废水,并且提高其利用率是对其资源化利用研究的主要内容之一。阐述了养殖废水的污染现状,讨论了废水的组成及相应的处理和利用方法,探讨了养殖废水资源化利用的几种方式,并对养殖废水的资源化利用前景进行了展望。     

粉煤灰的有效利用

介绍了我国粉煤灰利用状况及政策,结合实例分析了粉煤灰的有效利用和清洁生产对促进粉煤灰有效利用的作用。     

焦作市粉煤灰综合利用现状及建议

粉煤灰是煤炭利用过程中产生的固体废物,也是一种利用价值很高的再生资源.通过对我国粉煤灰综合利用概况的分析,结合焦作市实际情况,提出粉煤灰的多种利用途径,为焦作市粉煤灰综合利用提供参考.     

粉煤灰综合利用研究进展

介绍了粉煤灰的物理化学性质。综述了粉煤灰在建材制造、建筑工程、道路工程、农业、废水处理和催化反应中的应用现状以厦未来的应用前景。     

国内城市生活垃圾焚烧飞灰研究现状及进展

随着我国经济快速发展及城市化水平提升,城市生活垃圾产量越来越大,焚烧逐渐成为城市生活垃圾处理的主要方式。但焚烧会产生大量的垃圾焚烧飞灰(以下简称飞灰),飞灰属于危险废物。论述了飞灰的来源、成分、特性及危害,介绍了飞灰的处理处置技术:水泥固化技术、化学药剂稳定化技术、熔融固化技术、水热稳定化技术和水泥窑协同处理技术,并分析这几类处理技术的优缺点。同时,介绍了将飞灰用作生产水泥材料、建筑材料、烧制多孔陶粒轻骨料及制备混凝土几种资源化利用途径。对今后飞灰的处理及资源化利用提出了展望。     

Radon diffusion and exhalation from mortar modified with fly ash: waste utilization and benefits in construction

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The utilization of fly ash in construction and cement industry increases from last few decades. But the question on utilization of fly ash for...     

Pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene using synthetic catalysts produced from fly ash

Catalytic pyrolysis of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was investigated using various fly ash-derived silica–alumina catalysts (FSAs). FSAs were prepared by a simple activation method that basically includes NaOH treatment of fly ash by a fusion method, followed by an aging process. A series of LDPE pyrolysis experiments was conducted and the catalytic performance of FSAs was assessed in terms of the degradation temperature and the simulated boiling point distribution of the liquid products. The effects of synthesis conditions such as NaOH/fly ash weight ratio and aging time were examined by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, and scanning electron microscope to clarify the controlling factors affecting the catalytic activity. To obtain catalyst with high activity, it is necessary to produce sufficient silica and alumina species that can be easily co-precipitated into solid acid catalyst by destruction of the fly ash structure and to optimize the activation time for catalyst synthesis to prevent the transformation into inactive phases. The catalytic performance of FSA obtained from optimal conditions was equivalent to that of commercial catalysts, demonstrating the effectiveness of the catalyst.     

Preparation of porous mullite ceramic supports from high alumina fly ash

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - With the aid of dry pressing method, porous mullite ceramic supports were prepared successfully using desiliconized high alumina fly ash as main...     

A Grey-Based Taguchi Approach for Characterization of Erosive Wear Phenomenon of Glass–Polyester Fly Ash Filled Composites

Fly ash is a solid waste generated in huge quantities from coal fired thermal power stations during the combustion of coal. In India, less than half of this is used as a raw material for concrete manufacturing and construction; the remaining is directly dumped on land side as land fill or simply piled up. Only a small fraction of it is used in development of high valued product. Due to environmental regulations, new ways of utilizing fly ash are being explored in order to safeguard the environment and provide useful ways for its utilization and disposal. With its richness in various metal oxides, it has tremendous potential to be utilized as a filler material in polymer composites. These days glass reinforced polyester composites find widespread application in erosive environment due to several advantages like high wear resistance, strength-to-weight ratio, and low cost. The cost of the composites can be further brought down using cheaper filler materials. To this end, this work uses fly ash in composite making and thereby suggests a new way of better utility of this industrial waste. It includes the processing, characterization and study of the erosion behavior of a class of such fly ash filled polyester-glass fiber composites. The engineering application of composites demands that it should have high wear resistance, low density and high tensile strength. In order to assess the behavior of composites satisfying multiple performance measures, a grey-based Taguchi approach has been adopted. After thorough analysis of factors, optimal factor settings have been suggested to improve multiple responses viz., erosive wear rate, density, flexural strength and tensile strength. This technique eliminates the need for repeated experiments; thus saves time and material. The systematic experimentation leads to determination of significant process parameters and material variables that predominantly influence the multiple responses.     

A novel way to upgrade the coarse part of a high calcium fly ash for reuse into cement systems

Reject fly ash (rFA) represents a significant portion of the fly ashes produced from coal-fired power plants. Due to the high carbon content and large particle mean diameter, rFA is not utilized in the construction sector (for example, as supplementary cementing material) and is currently dumped into landfills, thus representing an additional environmental burden. Recently, the feasibility of using rFA in a relatively small number of applications, like solidification/stabilization of other wastes, has been investigated by different researchers. However, as the overall amount of fly ash utilized in such applications is still limited, there is a need to investigate other possibilities for rFA utilization starting from a deeper understanding of its properties. In the work presented herein, mechanical and hydration properties of cementitious materials prepared by blending the coarse fraction of a lignite high-calcium fly ash with ordinary cement were monitored and compared with the respective ones of a good quality fly ash-cement mixture. The results of this work reveal that a relatively cheap, bilateral classification-grinding method is able to promote the pozzolanic behavior of the rFAs, so that the overall performances of rFA containing cements are drastically improved. The evaluation of these results supports the belief that appropriate utilization of non-standardized materials may lead to new environmental-friendly products of superior quality.     

Artificial lightweight aggregates as utilization for future ashes - A case study

In the future, more electricity in the Netherlands will be produced using coal with co-combustion. Due to this, the generated annual ash volume will increase and the chemical composition will be influenced. One of the options for utilization if present markets are saturated and for use of fly ashes with different compositions, is as raw material for lightweight aggregates. This was selected as one of the best utilizations options regarding potential ash volume to be applied, environmental aspects and status of technology. Because of this, a study has been performed to assess the potential utilization of fly ash for the production of lightweight aggregate. Lightweight aggregate has been produced in a laboratory scale rotary kiln. The raw material consisted of class F fly ash with high free lime content. An addition of 8% clay was necessary to get green pellets with sufficient green strength. The basic properties of the produced lightweight aggregate and its behaviour in concrete have been investigated. The concrete has a good compressive strength and its leaching behaviour meets the most stringent requirements of Dutch environmental regulations. The carbon foot print of concrete will be negatively influenced if only the concrete itself is taken into account, but the reduction of the volume weight has advantages regarding design, transport emissions and isolation properties which may counteract this. In the Dutch situation the operational costs are higher than expected potential selling price for the LWA, which implies that the gate fee for the fly ash is negative.     

Distribution of remaining Cd in MSWI fly ash washed with nitric acid

Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash is by-product and hazardous waste produced from MSWI plant. In the MSWI fly ash there are high contents heavy metals, among which cadmium (Cd) is more active and toxic. Although inorganic acid leaching is an effective way to remove heavy metals out from the MSWI fly ash and nitric acid has great efficiency for Cd removal, little literature reported the redistribution of remaining Cd in the MSWI fly ash. This investigation focused on the change of different factions (exchangeable, bound to carbonates, bound to Fe–Mn oxides, bound to organic matter and residual) of Cd in treated (i.e. washed with nitric acid) MSWI fly ash. Sequence extraction procedures (SEP) have been used to derive different fractions of Cd, results indicated that fractions of Cd have changed significantly after nitric acid washing procedures. Due to the changes of main compounds and microstructures stable Cd (bound to organic matter and residual) had opportunity to leach out, which resulted in a higher potential risk (or higher bioavailability index) for living creatures, although the total amount of Cd decreased. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and images of scanning electron microscope (SEM) proved these changes in washed MSWI fly ash.     

Comparing urban solid waste recycling from the viewpoint of urban metabolism based on physical input-output model: A case of Suzhou in China

Investigating impacts of urban solid waste recycling on urban metabolism contributes to sustainable urban solid waste management and urban sustainability. Using a physical input-output model and scenario analysis, urban metabolism of Suzhou in 2015 is predicted and impacts of four categories of solid waste recycling on urban metabolism are illustrated: scrap tire recycling, food waste recycling, fly ash recycling and sludge recycling. Sludge recycling has positive effects on reducing all material flows. Thus, sludge recycling for biogas is regarded as an accepted method. Moreover, technical levels of scrap tire recycling and food waste recycling should be improved to produce positive effects on reducing more material flows. Fly ash recycling for cement production has negative effects on reducing all material flows except solid wastes. Thus, other fly ash utilization methods should be exploited. In addition, the utilization and treatment of secondary wastes from food waste recycling and sludge recycling should be concerned.