型煤燃烧过程中CaS的形成及其固硫作用

本文研究了不同温度和燃烧条件下Ｆｅ－Ｓｉ体系钙基固硫剂的作用效果，实验表明，煤粒子子直接进入已达一定的温度的炉内时，其固硫效果较在程序升温条件下明显提高，在１３００℃高温仍肌７７％的固硫率，含硫物相以ＣａＳ为主，该条件下造成了煤粒子的缺陷氧燃烧，由此造成的局部还原气氛促了ＣａＳ为主。从而提高固硫率，Ｃａ可能是高温条件的理想固硫产物。     

燃煤工业锅炉大气二氧化硫污染及应用工业固硫型煤探讨

本文研究我国燃煤工业锅炉大气ＳＯ２的污染状况及发展趋势，以及应用工业固硫型工控制燃煤工业锅炉大气ＳＯ２的污染，燃煤工业锅炉燃烧工业固硫型煤时，可明显地降低ＳＯ２和烟尘的排放量，并节约煤炭。推广和发展工业固硫型煤，是防治燃煤工业锅炉大气ＳＯ２污染的一条投资少，见效快，简便易行的实用措施，其经济效益及环境效益相当可观。     

燃煤工业锅炉大气二氧化硫污染及应用工业固硫型煤控制

本文研究我国燃煤工业锅炉大气ＳＯ２的污染状况及发展趋势，以及应用工业固硫型煤控制燃煤工业锅炉大气ＳＯ２的污染。燃煤工业锅炉燃烧工业固硫型煤时，可明显地降低ＳＯ２和烟尘的排放量，并节约煤炭。推广和发展工业固硫型煤，是防治燃煤工业锅炉大气ＳＯ２污染的一条投资少、见效快、简便易行的实用措施，其经济效益及环境效益相当可观。     

固硫生物型煤

研究出生物型煤的生产工艺流程，对型煤和生物型煤的固硫技术进行了研究，成功试验生产出固硫性能优良的生物型煤，为中国煤能源可持续发展利用开辟了新途径。     

型煤燃烧固硫的钠离子效应

本文用脉冲二氧化硫荧光分析仪连续测试了煤样中二氧化硫的浓度，并用Ｘ荧光、Ｘ衍射和电子扫描电镜等方法，分析了添加钠离子样品的含硫率、物相及表面形貌。实验结果表明，钠离子添加剂改变了二氧化硫释放过程，抑制了硫酸钙的分解。灰样成分中既有稳定的三元化合物３ＣａＯ．３Ａｌ２Ｏ３．ＣａＳＯ４，也有不稳定的化合物硫酸钙存在，说明钠离子添加剂对提高固硫率有促进作用。     

Fe2O—SiO2对燃煤过程中石灰石固硫特性的影响

本文探讨了不同温度条件下，Ｃａ／Ｓ摩尔比，添加剂Ｆｅ２Ｏ３或ＳｉＯ２以及不同比例Ｆｅ２Ｏ３和ＳｉＯ２的混合物对石灰石固硫能力的影响。实验结果表明，温度能够大幅度地影响Ｃａ／ｓ比与石类石固硫能力的关系。同时添加一定比例的Ｆｅ２Ｏ３和ＳｉＯ２时，其促进作用较大，固硫能力大大优于纯石灰石。     

Fe_2O_3-SiO_2对燃煤过程中石灰石固硫特性的影响

本文探讨了不同温度条件下,Ca/S摩尔比、添加剂Fe_2O_3或SiO_2以及不同比例Fe_2O_3和SiO_2的混合物对石灰石固硫能力的影响,实验结果表明,温度能够大幅度地影响Ca/S比与石灰石固硫能力的关系,添加剂Fe_2O_3或SiO_2单独存在于煤样及煤样与石灰石共混样中的作用不同且不明显,同时添加一定比例的Fe_2O_3和SiO_2时,其促进作用较大,固硫能力大大优于纯石灰石。     

推广固硫型煤改善城市空气环境质量

本文论述了固硫型煤在燃煤锅炉尤其是小型茶炉,洗浴炉及采暖炉上具有能消烟,除尘,脱硫 性。目前推广固型改善城市空气环境质量是经济,简便,易于,有效的实用措施。     

型煤燃烧特性初探

本文使用热重分析仪对型煤的燃烧特性进行了初步探讨。煤灯样品在升温过程中，发生两次快速失重，对应的温度分别为Ｔ１和Ｔ２。由于制备型煤时，添加了无机粘结剂和无机固硫剂等无机物，导致制备型煤用的混合料的Ｔ１比原煤降低，而刷烈燃烧温度Ｔ２却比原煤升高。     

红外光谱法测定石灰型固硫剂中的SO_4~(2-)、SO_3~(2-)、CaO

采用红外光谱法测定燃煤固硫剂中的SO_4~(-2)、SO_3~(-2)、CaO。对SO_4~(-2)、SO_3~(-2)、CaO的检测极限分别为0.01％、0.01％、0.05％,线性响应范围分别为0.01—0.20％、0.01—0.20％、0.05—3.0％。本法具有快速、样品需用量少等特点,特别适于对易氧化的SO_3~(-2)的测定。采用本法对实际固硫剂灰渣样进行了测定,所得结果与标准化学法相比,重合性较好。     

常温常压KBH4还原法快速脱除水煤浆中的硫

使用KBH4还原法脱除水煤浆中的硫.在常温常压,KBH4浓度为2.0 mmol.L-1、煤炭粒径109μm、处理时间10 min、搅拌速度为200 r.min-1的条件下,低硫水煤浆中煤炭的总脱硫率可以达到43.0%.而且硫酸盐硫的脱除率约47.8%,黄铁矿硫的脱除率约55.4%;同时有机硫的脱除率约23.9%.硼氢化钾还原法相比其它传统化学脱硫方法,对有机硫和无机硫脱除均有作用,试剂用量少,反应条件温和,脱硫速度快,热值的损耗小,处理后水煤浆中煤炭的热值有所提高,起燃温度降低.     

Plant vintages, grandfathering, and environmental policy

Environmental regulations that grandfather existing plants, by not holding them to the same strict standards as new plants, may have the unintended consequence of retarding new investment. If new plants are cleaner, then this effect may increase pollution in the short run. I develop a dynamic model of a facility’s decisions over scrapping and abatement, which depend on capital depreciation, profitability shocks, and environmental policy. Using data from fossil fuel fired boilers at electric power plants, I estimate the structural parameters of the model and assess the impact of grandfathering in the Clean Air Act on sulfur dioxide emissions. Counterfactual policy simulations show that an increase in the stringency of performance standards would have led to a decrease in investment in new boilers. However, this does not lead to increased emissions, since there is less investment in dirtier coal boilers as compared to relatively cleaner oil or natural gas boilers.     

燃煤烟气中气态Hg0污染物吸附剂的研究进展

对目前燃煤烟气中气态Hg0污染物吸附剂进行了分类研究,重点总结了碳基吸附剂、层状矿物类吸附剂、磁性吸附剂等3类吸附剂的特点,对气态Hg0的吸附效果及吸附机理进行了深入探讨.通过分析比较,提出了研制高效吸附剂的主要途径,并展望了气态Hg0吸附剂的发展趋势.     

Determination of volatile organic sulfur compounds in contaminated groundwater

A practical method for the quantification of total purgeable organic sulfur (POS) in highly contaminated groundwater is described. Volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSC) are purged from the water samples by a stream of oxygen and combusted. The emerging sulfur dioxide is absorbed in H₂O₂ and converted to sulfate which is quantified by ion chromatography and reported as mass sulfur equivalent. The overall limit of quantification is 0.03 mg l⁻¹. The content of POS is balanced with the total VOSC determined by GC-AED after liquid–liquid extraction. Separate determination of the non-volatile organic sulfur compounds by direct combustion of the water sample and adsorption to charcoal yielded a mass balance of the total sulfur content. Semi-quantitative GC-MS after purge & trap accumulation revealed that the VOSC mixture is composed of C₁–C₄ alkyl sulfides. The implementation of the developed methodology for the quantification of VOSC as potential catalyst poison in a cleaning plant for groundwater contaminated with volatile haloorganics (VOX) is presented.     

碳热还原二氧化硫的热力学平衡验证

用煤或焦炭作还原剂，将烟气中的二氧化硫直接还原为元素硫是一种很有应用前景的烟气处理方法。本文采用循环法研究了碳的类型、温度、以及碳用量对反应达到平衡时硫收率和ＳＯ２转化率的影响。实验结果表明，与文献的理论计算结果相比，碳用量对平衡组成的影响基本一致，而温度的影响则不尽相同。     

潮湿气氛下Ca（OH）2与SO2反应动力学研究

本文用固定床积分反应器研究潮湿气氛下Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２与ＳＯ２的反应动力学。     

Cadmium contamination in Tianjin agricultural soils and sediments: relative importance of atmospheric deposition from coal combustion

Cadmium (Cd) in coal, fly ash, slag, atmospheric deposition, soils and sediments collected from Tianjin, northern China, were measured to provide baseline information and determine possible Cd sources and potential risk. The concentrations of Cd in coal, fly ash and atmospheric deposition were much higher than the soil background values. Fallout from coal-fired thermal power plants, heating boilers and industrial furnaces has increased the Cd concentration in soils and sediments in Tianjin. The concentrations of Cd in soils of suburban areas were significantly higher than in rural areas, suggesting that coal burning in Tianjin may have an important impact on the local physical environment. Cd from coal combustion is readily mobilized in soils. It is soluble and can form aqueous complexes and permeate river sediments. The high proportion of mobile Cd affects the migration of Cd in soils and sediments, which may pose an environmental threat in Tianjin due to the exposure to Cd and Cd compounds via the food chain. This study may provide a window for understanding and tracing sources of Cd in the local environment and the risk associated with Cd bioaccessibility.