湿法脱硫浆液pH值优化控制的设计及应用

针对燃煤电厂湿法脱硫系统的浆液pH值控制过程中存在的高度非线性、时滞性及各种不确定性,提出了自优化模糊串级控制策略。经仿真验证及某电厂工程应用,自优化模糊串级控制提高了吸收塔浆液pH值控制系统的稳定性,增强了系统的鲁棒性和适应性。     

生活垃圾逆推式炉排炉自动燃烧控制系统设计

生活垃圾焚烧状态因垃圾本身性质不稳定而容易发生波动。自动燃烧控制系统具有焚烧状态稳定、二次污染减少等优点。针对逆推式炉排炉自动燃烧控制系统,阐述了控制目标和控制逻辑,详细描述了锅炉蒸发量回路设定、给料器和炉排运行控制及助燃空气控制等系统组成,说明了关键参数的设定和控制,并对系统的前馈控制特征做了描述和分析。     

畜禽养殖废弃物资源化综合处理技术

由湖南海尚环境生物科技有限公司开发的畜禽养殖废弃物资源化综合处理技术,适用于畜禽养殖废弃物的处理。主要技术内容一、基本原理大中型养殖场采用规模化畜禽废弃物资源化综合处理工艺流程中,废水主处理单元采用两级生化处理,第一级生化处理工艺为光生物反应池+厌氧氨氧化,第二级生化处理工艺为     

我国钢铁行业用水情况及节水途径

我国钢铁行业取得举世瞩目的成就的同时,水资源短缺已严重限制了我国钢铁工业的进一步发展.针对我国一些钢铁企业水资源使用不合理,水资源浪费,工艺落后的现象,讨论和提出了节水措施和办法,如开发和使用节水新工艺,使用串级供水,开发非常规水资源等节水技术和工艺,对我国钢铁工业的可持续发展具有重要意义.并对未来我国钢铁行业节水提出了几点建议.     

基于HSE数据分析的前馈式审核模式与实践

文章介绍一种基于HSE数据分析的前馈式审核方法,对比了传统审核、前馈式审核之间的差异,从审核数据分析、管理弱项定位、前置反馈整改、前期集中培训、弱项审核验证等方面阐述前馈式审核实施流 程,通过应用示例分析前馈式审核实践做法,帮助企业找准HSE管理体系运行弱项,针对管理短板和薄弱环 节,提升各单位深度剖析和管理改进自主能动性,持续推动企业安全执行力建设。     

长庆气田采出水处理技术综述

文章根据长庆气田采出水特点及现状,按照采出水中是否含醇,分别介绍了一级沉降除油+一级过滤、油浮选等采出水处理技术及应用情况,处理后水质满足相应控制指标要求。实践证明:采用高效、经济的水处理工艺技术对于气田环境保护、创建绿色气田方面具有十分重要的意义。     

光温控大棚卷帘机

本品适用于各种大棚蔬菜、花卉、苗圃的种植,可自动光控、温控及手控卷帘。它主要由光温控集成器件来控制电机的运转状态,并由此带动相应的收帘轮、收帘索和放帘轮、放帘索来收放大棚帘,具有结构简单、工作可靠、适用范围广等优点。光温控大棚卷帘机     

涡旋混凝低脉动沉淀给水处理技术

通过介绍涡旋混凝低脉动沉淀给水处理技术的工作机理及工艺特点,阐述了该项新技术的推广使用价值。     

浅谈钢铁企业工业污水处理现状和存在的问题

文章对钢铁企业工业污水处理现状和存在的问题进行了初步的分析和探讨。指出我国钢铁工业要进一步降低钢铁企业吨钢耗用新水量、提高钢铁企业水的重复利用率,需要积极推广应用少水或不用水的工艺技术装备,并应强化合理串级用水,以及加强工业污水的综合处理回用。     

新型太阳能单相光伏逆变器应用性能研究

为提升太阳能光伏并网发电向电网输送电流的质量,对新型太阳能单相光伏逆变器的应用性能展开研究。通过分析太阳能光伏发电的构成情况,创建包含太阳能光伏电池、逆变器、Boost DC/DC电路及操控电路的单相光伏并网系统,对系统核心部分的并网逆变器进行设计,选用LLCL型滤波器降低逆变器输出电流内的谐波分量并衰弱开关频率位置的高次谐波,通过加入电网电压前馈控制的方式消除电网电压对并网电流的干扰,并结合网侧电流外环PI控制对电流内环进行控制,提升整体系统稳定性。仿真实验结果表明,采用所研究逆变器的新型太阳能单相光伏并网系统具有较好的动态性能,滤波性能优越,输出并网电流稳定,说明该逆变器应用性能好。     

百色油田含油污水混凝法除油试验

通过室内和现场试验表明，自然除油。混凝除油－压力过滤流程是适合百色油田含油污水处理的，通过投加混凝剂ＰＡＣ－４（加入量为３０～５０ｍｇ／Ｌ时），污水处理即可达到石油开发工业污水排放标准（ＣＯＤ除外），从而减轻和防止了对周围环境的污染，同时进一步处理后可作为油田回注地层水。     

交流电凝聚技术及其在油田污水处理方面的应用研究

交流电凝聚（ACE）技术能有效地从稳定的悬浮液和乳浊液中凝聚并分离出固相、重金属和油。电压缩和电絮凝促进凝结、快速沉淀及脱水，且不使用昂贵的高分子电解质和化学药品，也不需使用复杂且易于被超细微粒堵塞的过滤系统。木文介绍了ACE技术的初步原理及其在国外油田污水处理方面的应用，并与传统的污水净化方法进行了比较。     

Quantized control settings based tuning of a heaving wave energy converter in irregular seas

The increasing awareness of environmental issues attracts more attention on environmentally friendly energy sources. This leads to increasing research on effective use of renewable energy sources. Among them, wave energy offers a high potential. The wave energy converter systems used for transforming the wave energy into electrical energy have been a main research topic for decades. However, only a few of these systems has been successfully implemented. There seems to be some technical problems one of which is on their control applications. It has been reported that by means of appropriate control implementation, the performance of the wave energy converter system could be improved considerably. In literature, many different control techniques are reported. They appear to be weak due to implementation related restrictions. The present study proposes a novel control technique that is far more practical based on quantization of control settings. Various quantization levels and their effect on system power capture performance are studied. The technique assumes use of realistic off-the-shelf components with realistic features. The proposed method utilizes time-series-analysis technique with online parameter estimation feature. This new method does not require any knowledge of previous or future states of any of the system or sea state parameters, but only the currently available and measurable ones. The approach of the new control technique sets it apart from most of the previously reported ones. Therefore, the proposed technique is not only very much practical but also very much useful in improvement of the system power performance relative to passive techniques.     

Effect of PCM on temperature fluctuation during the door opening of a household refrigerator

Temperature fluctuation inside the cabinet of a household refrigerator significantly affects the quality of preserved food. Phase change material (PCM) is a latent heat storage system that can store and release the heat energy by changing its phase from liquid to solid and solid to liquid respectively. Therefore, use of PCM inside the refrigerator cabinet has the potential for minimizing the temperature fluctuation during the door opening and the power failure. However, very few studies in the literature were dedicated to investigating the role of PCM to reduce the temperature fluctuation. The aim of this work is to experimentally investigate the effects of PCM on temperature fluctuation inside the cabinet of a household refrigerator during the door opening and power failure. The results found that a significantly lower temperature fluctuation can be obtained using PCM. It was found that during the door opening condition the air temperature in the cabinet rose rapidly. However, when a PCM container was used, temperature variation was reduced to 3–5°C. During the power failure, the system with PCM maintained a lower temperature inside the storage chamber for a long period of time (about 2 hours). Moreover, the test results indicate that PCM maintains more stable temperature in the foodstuffs inside the refrigerator. This reduction of temperature fluctuation ultimately improves the quality of preserved food.     

零价金属还原降解水中污染物的应用研究综述

介绍了零价金属在处理环境污染物中的具体应用，包括卤代有机物、重金属、硝基芳香族化合物、偶氮染料、高氯酸盐以及硝酸盐等，指出零价金属可以通过还原和混凝吸附等作用有效地治理环境污染物，并分析了零价金属处理污染物的特点和应用前景。     

资源型城市系统演化的涨落因子及其协同分析

资源型城市系统能否形成新的、有序的耗散结构主要依赖于系统中的随机涨落,而这种随机涨落的产生是由各种触发和激化因子决定的.分析了资源型城市系统演化过程中的内源激化因子和外源触发因子,探讨了它们之间的协同动力机制,找出了资源型城市系统演化的序参量是科技进步水平、政府宏观调控和国家对资源型城市的投资.     

基于主体的建模方法在环境学科中的研究进展

基于主体的建模方法(ABM)通过自下而上的仿真模拟,考察系统中微观层面异质性主体的状态和行为特征、主体之间的交互、主体与环境的作用,来表征系统宏观现象的涌现,是进行复杂系统模拟和政策评价的重要工具。本文在大量文献调研的基础上,总结了ABM在水文领域、土地资源管理、大气污染防治及环境政策评价等方面的研究进展,归纳了其在主体设计、交互关系与规则、系统环境特征等建模范式方面的共性,论述了该方法对环境系统建模分析的重要意义。     

活动式大罐收气装置及油气混输新工艺的应用

为了解决东营地区油罐每天都向大气排放工业废气，对环境造成污染的问题，研制了“活动式大罐收气装置”新工艺，用于回收联合站储油罐挥发气。该装置通过玻璃钢管线与油罐连接，油罐挥发气沿玻璃钢管线输至机房内气液分离器，分离出气中的水和轻质油，由天然气压缩机加压，经流量计计量后进入油田天然气气管网。该工艺推广后，经监测结果表明，所有采样点总烃含量低于国家标准２．０ｍｇ／ｍ３。目前全油田３０个联合站安装了此设施，每年回收天然气５１２５万ｍ３，轻质油７０００ｔ。     

基于ANN的环境质量评价

人工神经网络通过神经元之间的相互作用来完成整个网络的信息处理，具有自学习和自适应等一系列优点，因而用它来评价环境质量是可行的。本文针对环境质量评价问题，建立了基于神经网络的评价系统，给出了应用实例。     

Improving the dynamic response of frequency and power in a wind integrated power system by optimal design of compensated superconducting magnetic energy storage

The frequency deviation and power fluctuation need to be controlled in a wind-integrated power system (WIPS) for keeping the balance between system power generation and demand, which support the quality and stability of overall power system. The present paper addresses this problem while concerning the integration of intermittent wind power and load disturbance into the WIPS. With this intent, it proposes the compensated superconducting magnetic energy storage (CSMES) system with proportional integral derivative (PID) controller for improving the frequency and power deviation profile. A novel swarm intelligence-based artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is used for optimal design of PID-CSMES system. Robustness of the proposed ABC-based PID-CSMES control strategy is tested in WIPS under various disturbance patterns of load and wind power. To demonstrate the improved dynamic response, their simulation results are compared with particle swarm optimization-based PID-CSMES, PID with SMES, and only PID controller technique. The performance indices and transient response characteristics of frequency and power deviation are used to evaluate and compare the accuracy and efficiency of each controller. Stability of various system configurations is analyzed using eigenvalue location. Comparing the results of different controller in WIPS indicates a substantial improvement in the dynamic response of system frequency and power deviations by utilizing the proposed control strategy.