污染源管理信息化建设的思考

污染源管理是环境监管的重点,信息化是提高污染源管理水平的重要手段。阐述污染源管理信息化现状,分析污染源管理信息来源及信息化发展中的不足,提出加强基层环保部门污染源监管信息化建设的建议,为污染源管理信息化建设提供借鉴。     

污染源水质监测采样需关注的几个方面

环境监测数据要反映污染源水质的真实状况,污染源水质采样是一个非常关键的环节,要取得真实的、能反映污染源状况的具有代表性的水质样品,要从采样人员持证上岗等多方面加强管理。环境监测数据要反映污染源水质的真实状况,污染源水质采样是一个非常关键的环节,若采样人员采集的水样不具有代表性,不能反映污染源水质的实际状况,在这种情况下,即使实验室分析得再准确,实验室质量控制工     

西宁市医疗单位污染源自动监控系统的实践运用

污染源自动监控系统是全面加强污染源排污口规范化整治 ,实现污染源监控法制化、定量化管理的一项重要基础工作。西宁市医疗单位污染源实施自动监控工作在时间上处于全国前列。文章就西宁市医疗废水污染源自动监控系统的实践运用进行了分析     

高等院校、科研所的环境管理

作者在文章中指出:解决高等院校、科研单位对环境的污染同解决工业对环境的污染一样都是迫在眉睫的问题。对此,必须加强环境管理,予以解决。目前,在理工科高等院校和科研所中,各种易燃、剧毒物质;对人体有害的无机、有机化学试剂,放射性物质以及锅炉排放的烟尘等等污染物应有尽有。它们不仅造成大气污染,而且造成水体污染及固体垃圾污染。另外还有噪声、震动、电磁波等污染源,所有这些若不实行严格的科学管理,其后果是不堪设想的。对高等院校、科研所的环境管理,作者认为应从横向和纵向两方面去加强,横向管理包括:污染源种类管理、部门管理、资源管理。纵向管理应侧重: 1.环境质量管理; 2.环境科学技术管理; 3.污染源治理措施管理;     

沙河水库水质规划研究

沙河水库是两院居民主要的饮用水水源地,位于海南省.在管理不当的情况下,各种污染源排放的污染物会通过各种方式进入沙河水库中,最终对两院居民饮用水造成安全隐患.为此,制定和实施"沙河水库水体生态环境保护规划研究"是非常必要的.列出了沙河水库水质改善规划原则、规划范围与规划期、规划目标及规划具体实施措施.     

水污染源在线监测系统的运营管理

文章分析了目前我国水污染源在线监测系统的运营现状,指出推行第三方运营管理是十分必要的.运营公司应有必要的运营资源并建立健全运营管理制度与技术规范,从而使污染源在线监测仪器管理规范化,充分发挥在线监测系统的作用.     

中国石油污染源在线监测工作存在问题与建议

介绍了污染源在线监测系统的组成,阐述了污染源在线监测系统在环境监管能力建设、环境监管效能提升及环境保护管理创新中发挥的作用。结合污染源在线监测系统在中国石油环境保护管理工作中的应用实践,分析了目前污染源在线监测工作中存在的认识不足、设备选型不良、运维管理不到位等主要问题,建议提高对污染源在线监测工作的重视程度、开展污染源在线监测设备及第三方运维服务评价、深化污染源在线监测数据应用。     

浅析排污许可证制度执行中存在的不足及建议

排污许可证制度是依法规范管理各类企事业排污行为的基础性环境管理制度,通过排污许可制对所有固定污染源的全覆盖,实现以排污许可证为核心的"一证式"固定污染源管理模式.随着排污许可证制度的推进,在排污许可证执行中存在企业自查不到位、自行监测不全、台账记录缺失等问题.归纳了排污许可证制度执行过程中存在的不足,并有针对性地提出了...     

由秦皇岛开发区第一次全国污染源普查谈污染源普查的质量保证

结合工业污染源普查的基层工作经历,分析污染源普查的特点和要求,对污染源普查的工作程序、工作方法等进行了探索性研究。针对实际工作中存在的问题提出解决方案,并在清查、普查环节提出了重点工作内容和工作方式的改进。     

我国农业面源污染的控制与管理研究

主要通过我国污染源普查和2013年环境公报介绍了我国农业面源污染的现状,并从土壤侵蚀、农业化肥及农药、畜禽粪尿污染、农村生活污水和固体废弃物垃圾、大气干湿沉降、航运污染等方面介绍了我国污染源农业面源污染的成因,结合对土地利用方式、农业活动和田间管理、畜禽粪便及垃圾污染、社会经济因素等农业面源污染的影响因素的分析,分别从技术措施、法律措施和经济措施3方面入手提出了我国面源污染的控制和管理措施。     

A WINDOWS‐BASED GIS‐AGNPS INTERFACE1

ABSTRACT: ArcView Nonpoint Source Pollution Modeling (AVNPSM), an interface between ArcView GIS and AGNPS (Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution Model) is developed in support of agricultural watershed analysis and nonpoint source pollution management. The interface is PC‐based and operates in a Windows environment. It consists of seven modules: AGNPS utility, parameter generator, input file processor, model executor, output visualizer, statistical analyzer, and land use simulator. Basic input data to the interface include: soil, digital elevation model, land use/cover, water features, climate, and information on management practices. Application of the AVNPSM to a sample watershed indicates that it is user friendly, flexible, and robust, and it significantly improves the efficiency of the nonpoint source pollution modeling process.     

基于环境地理信息平台的预警系统的构建

随着经济的高速发展,环境污染事故也呈现出上升的势头,环境污染事故不仅造成了环境危害,而且对人民群众的安全产生了重大威胁。鉴于环境污染事故的多发性、危害性,应急处置显然非常重要,而构建强大的应急处置信息系统有助于应急处置和分析决策的顺利进行。本文分析了环境应急处置需求,提出了建立环境污染应急管理信息系统的设计框架。     

A river water quality management model for optimising regional wastewater treatment using a genetic algorithm

To achieve water quality goals and wastewater treatment cost optimisation in a river basin, a water quality management model has been developed through the integration of a genetic algorithm (GA) and a mathematical water quality model. The developed model has been applied to the Youngsan River, where water quality has decreased due to heavy pollutant loads from Kwangju City and surrounding areas. Pollution source, land use, geographic features and measured water quality data of the river basin were incorporated into the Arc/View geographic information system database. With the database, the management model calculated treatment type and treatment cost for each wastewater treatment plant in the river basin. Until now, wastewater treatment policy for polluted rivers in Korea has been, first of all, to construct secondary treatment plants for untreated areas, and secondarily, to construct advanced treatment plants for the river sections whose water quality is impaired and for which the water quality goal of the Ministry of Environment is not met. Four scenarios that do not use the GA were proposed and they were compared with the results of the management model using the GA. It became clear that the results based on the GA were much better than those for the other four scenarios from the viewpoint of the achievement of water quality goals and cost optimisation.     

加强饮服业环境污染防治与管理的探讨

文章就饮服行业环境污染状况、成因、危害及如何防治污染与加强行政管理进行了分析阐述     

Case study: P2 in a manufacturing plant

Pollution prevention is among the most cost‐effective environmental quality management tools —and P2 projects can yield ongoing savings. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

ASSESSING GROUND WATER POLLUTION POTENTIAL FROM NITROGEN FERTILIZER USING A GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM1

ABSTRACT: A geographic information system (GRASS 3.1) was used to correlate the availability of nitrogen fertilizer with the susceptibility of ground water to pollution in Texas to identify potential ground water quality problems. An agricultural pollution susceptibility map, produced by the Texas Water Commission using the DRASTIC methodology, was combined with information on cropped areas, recommended nitrogen fertilizer application rates, and aquifer outcrops. A Nitrogen Fertilizer Pollution Potential Index was generated, identifying 24 percent of Texas within the high pollution potential category An analysis of the susceptibility of major aquifer outcrops to potential pollution from nitrogen fertilizer indicated that 34 percent of the outcrop areas fall in the high pollution potential range. It is proposed that correlating the availability of a pollutant with an assessment of the susceptibility of ground water to pollution yields a more accurate screening tool for identifying potential pollution problems than considering susceptibility alone.     

A Framework for Net Environmental Benefit Analysis for Remediation or Restoration of Contaminated Sites

Net environmental benefits are gains in value of environmental services or other ecological properties attained by remediation or ecological restoration minus the value of adverse environmental effects caused by those actions. Net environmental benefit analysis (NEBA) is a methodology for comparing and ranking net environmental benefits associated with multiple management alternatives. A NEBA for chemically contaminated sites typically involves comparison of several management alternatives: (1) leaving contamination in place; (2) physically, chemically, or biologically remediating the site through traditional means; (3) improving ecological value through onsite and offsite restoration alternatives that do not directly focus on removal of chemical contamination; or (4) a combination of those alternatives. NEBA involves activities that are common to remedial alternatives analysis for state regulations and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, post-closure and corrective action permits under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, evaluation of generic types of response actions pertinent to the Oil Pollution Act, and land management actions that are negotiated with regulatory agencies in flexible regulatory environments (i.e., valuing environmental services or other ecological properties, assessing adverse impacts, and evaluating remediation or restoration options). This article presents a high-level framework for NEBA at contaminated sites with subframeworks for natural attenuation (the contaminated reference state), remediation, and ecological restoration alternatives. Primary information gaps related to NEBA include nonmonetary valuation methods, exposure–response models for all stressors, the temporal dynamics of ecological recovery, and optimal strategies for ecological restoration.Published online     

基于WebGIS和粒子系统的空气污染预测动态可视化展示技术

在完成国家"863"项目"重点城市群大气复合污染综合防治技术与集成示范"(3c-star)的过程中,我们研发了具有自主知识产权的"区域大气环境综合管理和辅助决策系统",其中创造性地利用NetCDF、Silverlight、WebGIS、粒子系统、多媒体等技术实现了空气污染预测动态可视化数据展示。本文阐述了工作的背景、技术要点及成果。     

南充市“白色污染”现状及对策措施和建议

本文通过实地调查,分析了南充市“白色污染”现状、危害和治理工作存在的主要问题,提出了治理“白色污染”的对策措施和建议。     

Cost allocation of river water quality management based on the Separable Cost Remaining Benefit (SCRB) method

This paper presents a cost allocation method that applies the cooperative game theory and the Separable Costs Remaining Benefit method to a project that involves two local governments in water quality management in South Korea. The total project cost was estimated by using a parametric estimation method for reduction loads in accordance with the Total Pollution Load Management system. As a result, the cost allocation ratios between the City of Gwangju and Jeonnam Province are suggested to be 69.85% and 30.15% of the total project cost. The final cost allocation confirms the benefits to both governments and illustrates the cooperative game theory.