金属硫化物矿山环境地球化学研究述评

矿业活动对矿山地球化学环境及周围的生态系统带来了巨大的环境影响。金属硫化物矿山开采过程中释放出大量的酸性废水,浸滤出大量的重金属离子,它们和固体废弃物已成为金属矿山采选业的三大环境公害和重要的环境污染源。文章述评了这三种污染源的环境地球化学效应,提出需要进一步加强矿山环境的矿物转化过程中环境地球化学信息的提取和识别,揭示复杂条件下酸性矿山废水中金属的形态、转化过程及其生态效应,建立相应地球化学演化模型,为矿山环境治理提供理论依据。     

大型金属矿山环境污染及防治

阅读提示：随着我国国民经济的快速增长,对各类矿产资源的需求越来越大,但在矿山开采中对生态环境的保护不够重视,导致资源与环境的问题日益尖锐。通过对目前我国金属矿山开采带来的生态环境污染及重金属迁移机制的分析,探索金属矿山重金属污染治理和控制的措施和方法,对保护矿山环境具有深远的意义。     

矿山采选项目环境监理工作实践

结合矿山采选项目环境监理的工作实践,概述了矿山采选项目的主要环境影响及生态问题,阐述了矿山采选项目环境监理的范围和工作阶段,并总结矿山采选项目应重点进行环境监理的内容.     

废物焚烧厂主要环境影响的识别

对拟建废焚烧厂项目主要环境的识别可为今后全面详尽提出该项目最的环境问题，可采用一系列环境影响识别技术对项目所涉及的主要环境因子及影响作出客观和全面的识别     

大型金属矿山环境污染及防治研究

本文通过对目前我国金属矿山开采带来的生态环境污染及重金属迁移机制的分析,探索金属矿山重金属污染治理和控制的措施和方法,对保护矿山环境具有深远的意义。     

金属矿山废弃地生态修复技术研究

总结了金属矿山废弃地的类型、特征,简述了其对环境的影响和后果。对金属矿山废弃地的生态修复技术进行了归纳和分类,在此基础上分析了基质改良技术、植物修复技术、微生物修复技术、各类技术在矿山废弃地生态修复实践中的适用性和优缺点,并指出植物修复技术是应用前景最好的技术。最后,对金属矿山废弃地生态修复技术的发展方向进行了讨论。     

煤矿开采矿山地质环境问题类型和特征探讨

我国煤炭资源赋存丰富且条件复杂,历年开采引发或加剧众多矿山地质环境问题。本文以煤炭资源开发各环节活动及开采形式为基础．分析和探讨了煤矿建设和生产对矿山地质环境的影响,探讨了问题类型及特征,并给出了不同开采形式对矿山地质环境影响的关系,并提出了矿山地质环境问题防治工作进一步开展的几点建议,对我国发展绿色、高效矿山有一定促进作用。     

矸石山环境污染治理的对策建议

我国矿产资源开发为经济发展做出了巨大贡献,但矿山生态破坏与环境污染被认为是影响区域生态安全的一大重要因素,使"绿水青山就是金山银山"发展理念的落实受到巨大威胁。本文结合《大气污染防治行动计划》实施成效评估,在分析我国煤矸石存量、自燃、大气污染问题及治理现状的基础上,通过剖析矿山环境治理的技术政策储备、环境监管手段、环境监管机制等存在的问题,提出了"被遗漏的大气污染源,矸石山环境治理亟待加强"的对策建议,具体包括:摸清源头家底,开展矸石山环境问题专项摸底调查;加强监督管理,建立根治矸石山环境问题的长效监管机制;强化科技支撑,开展矸石山环境综合治理技术研发与示范,提高治理水平。     

规划环评六忌

规划环评是从源头对环境问题进行主动预防和控制,是在决策的前端识别项目选址环境风险、多个项目的累积影响与综合效应等问题.从而为环境监管和决策设置了一道关键的屏障.规划环评过程中要充分考虑政策因素、技术因素及宏观社会环境,应特别注意"六忌".     

航道建设项目竣工环境保护验收调查要点

航道工程是以生态影响为主的建设项目,与工业污染型建设项目对环境影响方式有所不同。航道建设涉及生态影响,又区别于公路、矿山等陆域生态影响项目。根据航道建设项目特点以及国家环保相关法律法规要求,从环境影响特点、工程建设概况、环保措施落实、环境影响、风险事故防范及应急措施、环境管理状况及监测计划落实情况、公众意见、结论与建议等方面分析航道建设项目竣工环境保护验收调查要点。     

生态型——原油码头及配套设施工程竣工环保验收调查重点

原油码头及配套设施工程是以生态影响为主的建设项目,与工业污染型建设项目对环境影响方式有所不同。码头建设涉及到海洋生态影响,又区别于公路、矿山等陆域生态影响项目。按照国家相应法律法规,从工程概况调查、环保措施落实情况以及生态(海域和陆域)、污染、社会环境影响监测与调查等方面,分施工期和试运营两个时间段作相应的介绍,以明确原油码头、站场及输油管线工程竣工环保验收调查的重点和特点。     

Trends in the small-scale mining of precious minerals in Ghana: a perspective on its environmental impact

Small-scale mining in Ghana is defined to include both the exploitation of mineral deposits (1) using fairly rudimentary implements and/or (2) at low levels of production with minimal capital investment. While the large-scale mining—of particularly gold—has become predominant, small-scale mining, which predates such operations, has continued to be an important economic activity, particularly within the remote and poorer areas of the country. The environmental impacts of such small operations have, however, varied, depending on methods and the scale of operation. The factors that have contributed to aggravating these environmental impacts are economic, technical, legal, and operational in nature. Although mitigation efforts have had a limited impact, it is expected that the measures now being considered for adoption will improve the efficacy of the Government of Ghana’s drive towards improving environmental management in resident small-scale precious metal mining operations.This paper examines the environmental impacts of small-scale mining in Ghana—with particular emphasis on precious minerals and metals extraction—and outlines a series of initiatives for improving environmental performance in the industry.     

小城镇建设项目环境影响评价相关问题探讨——以聊城经济开发区蒋官屯小城镇建设项目为例

在中国的城市化进程中,小城镇建设发挥了重要的作用,引起了各级政府的重视。本文以聊城经济开发区蒋官屯小城镇建设项目为例,结合小城镇建设项目的特点,就小城镇建设项目的环境影响评价中相关问题进行了探讨,主要从环境影响评价的特点、评价的主要内容、评价重点、项目建设对环境的影响分析及外环境对项目的影响分析、生态及社会环境影响分析、公众参与、项目选址合理性分析、应特别关注的环境问题等几个方面进行阐述,以期为小城镇建设项目环境影响评价提供参考。     

Corporate environmental management and regulation of mining operations in the Cyclades,Greece

The mining industry plays an important role in the local economy in many islands of the Cyclades, contributing significantly to overall growth. However, it has simultaneously caused many environmental problems and has had adverse impacts upon other important economic activities, such as tourism. As a result, questions have been raised as to whether mining should be allowed to continue. This paper assesses the mining operations of the Cyclades, examining the corporate environmental management of mining companies and the process of granting permission for mining operations. Specifically, the regulatory and environmental problems of mining operations are assessed, and the process of obtaining a ‘social licence to operate’ is explored. A number of recommendations are made in order to overcome regulatory inefficiencies and promote corporate environmental management in the mining sector of the Cyclades.     

Assessing the environmental impact of metal production processes

Evaluating both new and existing processes for primary metal production to assess their environmental impacts is often difficult due to the many inputs and outputs involved. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a methodology that can be used for such purposes to identify those parts of the metal production life cycle that have significant environmental impacts. LCA has been used by CSIRO Minerals to assess the “cradle-to-gate” environmental impacts of a number of metal production processes practised either currently or potentially in Australia. The metals considered included copper, nickel, aluminium, lead, zinc, steel, stainless steel and titanium, by both pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical routes in some instances. The environmental profile included greenhouse and acid rain gas emissions, solid waste emissions and gross energy consumption. The results for various metals are compared in this paper. New process technologies for primary metal production can be expected to reduce the environmental impacts of metal production, and estimates of likely reductions for technologies involving stainless steel, titanium and aluminium are also presented in this paper.     

磷资源采矿工程对生态环境的影响及对策

处理好磷资源开采利用与生态环境保护的关系是一项关系到可持续发展的重大课题。文章以王集磷矿一、二期工程对生态环境影响为实例，研究了保护矿山生态环境的对策，进行了矿山开发事故灾害等风险分析及采矿工程环境经济损益分析，为矿区环境管理及同类型研究提供了理论和实际应用依据。     

Integrating the environmental and sustainable development agendas into minerals education

Changing public perceptions of the environmental acceptability of mining and minerals processing facilities have changed the industry and mining schools have started to respond by adding environmental content to their minerals curricula. Proactive and preventive environmental strategies, including Cleaner Production and sustainable development, are preferred but mining and minerals processing companies and mining schools generally have limited know-how in those areas. Vice versa, Cleaner Production specialists generally have limited experience in the mining and minerals processing sectors, and should endeavour to employ their expertise and know-how to address the environmental and sustainable development challenges in those sectors. The critical task for mining schools is to educate environmentally literate graduates who are able to recognise potentially adverse impacts of mining and minerals processing on the environment and to contribute from a sound background in geology, mining or metallurgy, to the characterisation, minimisation and management of these environmental impacts. This paper focuses on integrating the environmental and sustainable development agendas in minerals tertiary education. It highlights trends in employers' recruitment criteria and in minerals curricula, and argues in favour of strengthening the environmental component of minerals curricula. The paper provides a framework for integrating the environmental and sustainable development agendas in minerals tertiary curricula. Integration of environmental aspects into core disciplinary courses, by means such as environmental examples, cases and problem-solving tasks, is critical to make environmental literacy programmes successful.     

The environmental and socio-economic impacts of mining on local livelihoods in Tanzania: A case study of Geita District

This paper reports the findings of a study undertaken to assess the socio-economic and environmental impacts of mining in Geita District, Tanzania. In addition to sampling community perceptions of mining activities, the study prescribes interventions that can assist in mitigating the negative impacts of mining. Marked environmental and interrelated socio-economic improvements can be achieved within regional artisanal gold mines if the government provides technical support to local operators, regulations are improved, and illegal mining activity is reduced.     

房地产类项目环评中新问题探讨

在分析了环境影响评价作用及房地产类项目的类型、特点的基础上,提出在编写房地产类项目环评报告中除按国家环境影响评价导则要求进行外,还需要重点分析评价项目周边环境对项目产生的潜在影响、评价工作中规划协调性的分析及房地产环评中生态环境影响评价的分析思路.     

城镇生活垃圾填埋场开采的可行性评估体系

近年来,填埋场开采成为填埋场生态治理的重要技术之一。然而,填埋场开采的可行性评估一直是制约填埋场开采项目的关键决策因素。以绍兴市越城区简易垃圾堆放场为例,基于该填埋场建设、运营概况及场地调查结果,从填埋场稳定化程度、环境风险等级和经济效益3个维度筛选并建立评估指标体系,采用层次分析法和综合评价法,构建了适用于城镇生活垃圾填埋场开采的可行性评估体系,为填埋场开采提供决策依据。结果表明:一期堆放场为中度稳定,低环境风险,低经济效益;二期堆放场为中度稳定,低环境风险,高经济效益。2期堆放场均具有填埋场开采的可行性,适合采用填埋场开采技术进行生态治理。