混凝-化学沉淀法处理含氰废水的实验研究

采用“分步混凝-化学沉淀”法处理苯乙腈生产过程中排放的高浓度含氰废水，对混凝剂种类、用量、pH、搅拌速率等因素对总氰去除效果的影响进行了探讨，找到了此方法处理含亚铁氰化物废水的最佳工艺条件。在最佳工艺条件下处理废水，出水无色透明，总氰降到1mg／L以下。该方法工艺简单，运行费用低，处理效果好，是一种具有推广价值的新方法。     

厌氧水解酸化-生物接触氧化工艺处理印染废水

印染废水的色度大，有机物含量高，可生化性差。针对这些特点，采用了厌氧水解酸化-生物接触氧化、气浮等工艺处理印染废水，结果表明，该工艺对印染废水有很好的处理效果，最终出水基本无色，达到纺织染整工业水污染物排放的一级标准（GB4287--1992），处理成本较低。     

典型油制气废水处理工艺改造过程分析

典型油制气废水是一类毒性强、CODCr、NH3—N浓度高、难生物降解的有机废水。如何有效处理重油制气废水，一直是油制气行业的环保难题。在分析中，研究了常规厌氧—好氧活性污泥法工艺处理油制气废水的缺陷，介绍了采用人工选育微生物在缺氧—活性污泥法系统中处理油制气废水的新工艺。实践证明，新工艺可以取得较好的处理效果，废水排放达到国家二级排放标准。     

Fenton-超声联合处理金刚烷胺制药废水

近年来,流感常用药盐酸金刚烷胺的产量不断增大,然而,其生产过程中产生的废水由于得不到有效处理,引起较大污染。以盐酸金刚烷胺生产过程中产生的胺化废水和溴化废水为原水,利用Fenton-超声联合工艺进行处理,主要研究反应时间、初始pH、H2O2投加量和H2O2/Fe2+的投加比和声能密度等操作条件对于金刚烷胺制药废水处理效果的影响。实验结果表明,优化处理条件下,Fenton-超声联合工艺对金刚烷胺制药废水中TOC去除效果最高达到65.6%。超声和Fenton的联合产生了良好的协同效果,Fenton-超声联合工艺对金刚烷胺制药废水的处理效果比单独超声和单独Fenton处理效果之和高18%,大大提高了废水中有机物的去除效果。     

水解酸化—接触氧化—混凝气浮工艺处理高浓度漂染废水

本文介绍了水解酸化－接触氧化－混凝气浮工艺在处理高浓度漂染废水中的工程应用。结果表明，漂染废水经该工艺处理后CODCr去除率为95％，色度去除率为90％。该工艺具有占地面积小，脱色效果好，处理效率高等特点，能广泛应用于纺织漂染废水的实际工程中。     

液膜分离技术在工业装置上的应用

采用液膜分离工艺处理含酚、氰农药废水，处理废水量36t／d，通过工业应用实例试运行，效果一直很好。达到了设计要求。     

混凝-化学沉淀法处理含氰废水的实验研究

采用“分步混凝 化学沉淀”法处理苯乙腈生产过程中排放的高浓度含氰废水 ,对混凝剂种类、用量、pH、搅拌速率等因素对总氰去除效果的影响进行了探讨 ,找到了此方法处理含亚铁氰化物废水的最佳工艺条件。在最佳工艺条件下处理废水 ,出水无色透明 ,总氰降到 1mg/L以下。该方法工艺简单 ,运行费用低 ,处理效果好 ,是一种具有推广价值的新方法     

改性膨润土处理酸性含铅废水

探讨了用改性膨润土处理蓄电池厂酸性含铅废水的新工艺。实验结果表明，此法成本低、效果好且简便易行，并根据实验结果，为某蓄电池厂设计了一个酸性含铅废水的处理方案。     

水解酸化-SBR法在化工废水处理中的应用

针对高浓度、毒性大、难生物降解的工业有机废水,探索了水解酸化-SBR工艺的最佳运行参数和配套工艺措施,为工程设计提供依据.其中水解酸化采用ABR反应器,研究了温度、停留时间、毒性物质等因素对处理效果的影响,结果表明,该工艺处理三吉利香兰素化工废水取得了较好的处理效果.     

H2O2处理酸性大红GR染料废水的研究

通过对废水pH值、H2O2用量、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度等工艺条件的考察，确定了H2O2催化氧化处理酸性大红染料废水的最佳工艺条件：pH4、H2O2用量6mL／L、催化剂用量3g／L、反应时间100min、反应温度70℃。在该条件下，c0D和色度的去除率分别为76．7％和99．4％；通过反应前后的紫外一可见光光谱分析表明，H2O2催化氧化处理酸性大红GR染料废水有比较好的效果，为该工艺处理酸性大红GR染料废水提供了科学依据。     

清污分质法处理啤酒废水的工程应用

分析了应用厌氧UASB技术分质处理啤酒高浓度酿造废水,并将此废水与其他低浓度废水混合进入新型生物接触氧化工艺处理。根据工艺的设计、调试和工程实际运行情况表明,该工艺具有技术先进、高效低耗、运行稳定、投资省、管理简单、出水水质好等特点。     

氧化/吸附/混凝协同工艺处理焦化废水生物处理出水的过程及效果分析

针对焦化废水生物处理出水中继续存在多种有机污染物而影响达标及存在安全隐患的现状,基于废水中有机物的物理化学特性,构建了氧化/吸附/混凝的深度处理过程。在NaC lO投加量为40 mg/L,AC投加量为500 mg/L,PFS投加量为300 mg/L,反应时间为0.5 h,以及pH为7.0的最佳条件下,先氧化后吸附混凝,该过程可以实现COD去除率为75%以上,色度去除率80%以上,处理后的水样其COD值与色度值分别下降到60 mg/L及20倍以下;通过GC/MS方法分析处理前后水样中的有机物组分,发现水样中大部分单环芳香族化合物和多环芳香族化合物,部分含氮杂环化学物、有机氯化物以及溴化物被去除,但是,长链烷烃和部分芳香烃继续保留。研究结果证明了氧化/吸附/混凝协同工艺的效果与焦化废水生物出水中有机污染物的分子结构、存在形态形成构效关系,催化作用与氧化作用的协同是获得高效去除率的关键。     

Fenton-水解酸化-接触氧化处理模拟磷霉素钠制药废水

对模拟磷霉素钠制药废水进行Fenton-水解酸化-接触氧化小试处理实验,考察了COD、有机磷的去除效果,并对处理前后的废水进行了GC-MS分析。结果显示,增加了Fenton预处理后磷霉素钠制药废水的COD和有机磷分别降低到100和2 mg/L,去除率均可达87%以上,出水COD满足化学制药行业污染物排放标准(GB 21904-2008);Fenton过程对制药厂废水中的复杂有机物去除效果明显,GC-MS结果表明,出水中基本检测不到复杂有机物。与制药厂采用的水解酸化-接触氧化处理效果相比,增加Fenton预处理可以提高废水的可生化性和系统的处理效率。     

Treatment of oily port wastewater effluents using the ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide photodecomposition system.

This paper presents the nonselective degradation of mechanically pretreated oily wastewater by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the presence and absence of UV irradiation. The effect of chemical oxidation on wastewater biodegradability was also examined. The exclusive use of H2O2 photolyzed by daylight results in quite efficient degradation rates for the low peroxide concentrations used. Higher hydrogen peroxide concentrations inhibit degradation of organic contaminants in the wastewater. The degradation rates of all contaminants are relatively high with an advanced oxidation system (UV/H2O2), but degradation efficiencies are not distinguishably different when 20 or 45 minutes of UV irradiation is used. The excess of H2O2 used in the process can inhibit phenolic degradation and may lead to the formation of a new phenolic fraction. The biodegradability of port wastewater did not increase significantly following the application of the advanced oxidation process.     

Ecotoxicologial evaluation of wastewater ozonation based on detritus-detritivore interactions

Advanced oxidation technologies such as ozonation have been proposed to improve removal efficiency of micropollutants during wastewater treatment. In a meta-analysis of peer-reviewed literature, we found no ecotoxicological effects of wastewater ozonation on invertebrates (n = 82), but significant adverse effects on bacteria (n = 24) and fish (n = 5). As information on functional endpoints or trophic interactions is lacking, we applied a bioassay relating to leaf litter decomposition to fill this gap. Leaf discs exposed to ozone-treated wastewater with a high (1.04 mg O₃ (mg DOC)⁻¹, n = 49) ozone concentration were significantly preferred by an aquatic detritivore, Gammarus fossarum, over discs conditioned in wastewater not treated with ozone. This effect might have been mediated by reduced bacterial and elevated fungal biomass, and appears to be the first demonstration of wastewater ozonation impacts on invertebrates and an associated ecosystem process. In accordance with the food-choice trials, chemical analyses revealed significantly decreased concentrations of organic micropollutants in wastewater treated with ozone at high concentrations. Thus, food-choice trials as applied here hold promise to assess environmental effects of advanced oxidation technologies in wastewater treatment and appear to be a valuable complement to the ecotoxicological toolbox in general.     

Chemical oxygen demand reduction of various wastewater types using magnetic field-assisted fenton reaction.

Constant magnetic field (CMF) was investigated for its potential to intensify chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in wastewater when applied with a generalized Fenton reaction. Various types of industrial and domestic wastewater were tested in the experiment. A significant dependence was observed between the wastewater type, dose of reacting substances, time of exposure to CMF, effectiveness of COD removal, and the rate of the advanced oxidation process. The use of CMF resulted in the improvement of the treatment process; however, the efficiency depended to a great extent on the type of wastewater and characteristics of the contained organic matter. Domestic wastewater seemed to be most amenable to the applied treatment (82% COD reduction). The least reduction in COD occurred for wood industry wastewater. In the analyzed wastewater, intense oxidation was observed during the first 60 minutes of the process. Longer reaction time did not increase COD reduction, with the exception of wood industry wastewater. The experiment revealed the possibility of applying smaller doses of the Fenton's reagent, thereby keeping up unchanged treatment efficiency, provided that CMFs are applied.     

物化技术处理高浓度染料废水的研究进展

由于染料废水具有成分复杂、浓度高、难降解等特点，对其有效处理一直是个难题。因此，综述了国内外的物理法、化学法，特别是高级氧化技术在处理染料废水中的进展情况，并指出物化技术和生物技术相结合的发展趋势。     

Treatment of coking wastewater by an advanced Fenton oxidation process using iron powder and hydrogen peroxide

In this study the treatment of coking wastewater was investigated by an advanced Fenton oxidation process using iron powder and hydrogen peroxide. Particular attention was paid to the effect of initial pH, dosage of H₂O₂ and to improvement in biodegradation. The results showed that higher COD and total phenol removal rates were achieved with a decrease in initial pH and an increase in H₂O₂ dosage. At an initial pH of less than 6.5 and H₂O₂ concentration of 0.3 M, COD removal reached 44-50% and approximately 95% of total phenol removal was achieved at a reaction time of 1 h. The oxygen uptake rate of the effluent measured at a reaction time of 1 h increased by approximately 65% compared to that of the raw coking wastewater. This indicated that biodegradation of the coking wastewater was significantly improved. Several organic compounds, including bifuran, quinoline, resorcinol and benzofuranol were removed completely as determined by GC-MS analysis. The advanced Fenton oxidation process is an effective pretreatment method for the removal of organic pollutants from coking wastewater. This process increases biodegradation, and may be combined with a classical biological process to achieve effluent of high quality.     

组合方法去除新型采油污水中有机污染物的研究

含聚丙烯酰胺采油污水的有效处理是近年来困扰油田三次采油生产的一个难题。研究采用移动床生物膜技术与O3/UV/H2O2高级氧化技术的组合方法来处理含聚丙烯酰胺采油污水。实验结果表明,移动床生物膜技术可以有效去除污水中的石油类有机物,但对聚丙烯酰胺几乎无效果。O3/UV/H2O2高级氧化技术可以降解污水中的聚丙烯酰胺。组合方法处理后的含聚丙烯酰胺采油污水水质可以达到污水综合排放标准中的一级要求。     

芳香磺酸类有机化工废水处理研究进展

本文综述了芳香磺酸类有机化工废水的污染特征和处理方法的现状 ,特别对高级氧化法、络合萃取法、液膜萃取法及树脂吸附法的研究进展作了重点阐述