作业机废气减排技术研究

柴油发动机尾气排放中含有比汽油发动机更多的颗粒污染物。文章叙述了尾气净化装置反应原理,触媒及化学稳定性,柴油氧化催化剂和颗粒催化过滤器优点。通过外部加装尾气净化装置,解决了尾气污染问题,具有较好的发展前景、较强的实用性和可操作性。     

冬季燃油节能降耗设备的研制与应用

新疆等西北地区冬季时间长,温度低,由于--35#柴油的价格比0#柴油高,但其燃烧值低于0#柴油,因此考虑用0#柴油代替--35#柴油,以降低钻井成本。回收350℃高温尾气中的热量,进行水罐加热,使水温达到60℃;然后用60℃热水对0#柴油罐进行加热和保温,使油温达到30℃。达到在冬季用0#柴油代替--35#柴油的目的,使尾气回收利用设备不需要另外的能量补给。     

脉冲放电汽车尾气净化新技术研究及产品开发

本文根据气相反应动力学理论把脉冲放电活化技术应用于汽车尾气的处理，并研制出一种适用于各类汽油车辆尾气净化的脉冲放电汽车尾气净化器。     

电改袋技术在回转窑窑头烟气净化中的应用

在对水泥生产线篦冷机尾气除尘进行分析的基础上,提出了电除尘改袋式除尘的必要性,可有效控制新型干法窑烟尘和粉尘的排放浓度;针对具体案例的使用结果进行了阐述。     

静电式电焊烟尘净化器

由南通克莱克空气处理设备有限公司、上海克莱克空气处理设备有限公司联合开发的静电式电焊烟尘净化器,适用于电力、冶金、化工、造船、造纸,烟草、纺织等行业的工业厂房室内空气处理,大型超市、商务大楼,商场等建筑的通风系统.     

西宁市环境空气可吸入颗粒物污染现状及来源研究

用化学质量平衡（CMB）模型,建立PM10受体与源之间的响应关系,通过＂二重解析＂技术,确定了西宁市PM10的主要来源为：城市扬尘、煤烟尘、土壤风沙尘、机动车尾气尘、建筑水泥尘、电解铝尘和钢铁尘,并提出了相应的污染防治措施。     

熔铅烟尘废气治理的研究

随着工业的发展,重金属铅所产生的废气造成对环境日益严重的污染。在对铅烟废气的治理方面国内外曾有过多种方法,如化学法、物理法等。目前在国内采用的以水洗法为最简单、普遍。成都市轻工研究所1988年从事研究的最新工艺:湿式洗涤加废水沉降为国内先进的流程。适应这一工艺流程我们研制出QJ系列型铅烟尘净化器。这种处理流程实现了水在净化过程中的闭路循环,无废水排放。净化效率达90％以上。经治理后,车间内工人呼吸带含铅气体浓度带大量低于《工业企业设计卫生标准》;室外排放气体浓度远低于《四川省排放标准》和《国标》。QJ型铅烟尘净化器于1988年9月在成都经过市级技术鉴定。1989年2月获《成都市科技进步三等奖》。鉴定会上一致认为:该设备具有占地面积少、投资省、维护费用低、操作及维修简单方便,不需专人看管等特点。适于冶炼、印刷、蓄电池制造、制药等行业,具有很好的环境效益和社会效益,建议推广使用。     

延吉市人口增长对大气环境的影响及大气污染防治措施

随着延吉市人口增长，居民供热消耗的煤量相继增加，导致锅炉烟尘排放量增加；机动车数量增多，机动车尾气排放量增加，从而加重了对大气环境的污染程度。本文通过分析延吉市大气环境现状，预测了大气污染物的增加所造成的后果，并提出了控制人口增长、减少大气污染源、加强城市基础设施建设等大气污染防治措施。     

国内资讯

为贯彻落实《大气污染防治行动计划》,环保部会同国家质检总局近日发布了《轻型汽车污染物排放限值及测量方法（中国第五阶段）》（GB18352．5—2013）和《砖瓦工业大气污染物排放标准》（GB29620—2013）两项国家大气污染物排放标准。实施这两项新标准可大幅削减城市机动车尾气污染和农村地区砖瓦工业烟尘、二氧化硫污染,改善空气质量。     

秦皇岛市大气污染成因与防治对策初探

秦皇岛大气环境污染主要源于工业废气、港口煤尘、机动车尾气、施工及道路扬尘、锅炉烟尘和餐饮油烟等,是典型的复合型污染。针对秦皇岛大气污染现状,提出了改变以GDP为评价标准的经济增长模式,调整现有的产业结构,淘汰落后产能;调整能源结构,提高能源有效利用率;强化降尘控烟和脱硫脱硝;加强对交通、道路、施工等扬尘的综合管理;科学绿化;加强环保宣传和执法力度,提高公众环境意识等综合措施。     

Performance evaluation of Nahar oil–diesel blends in a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine

This study attempts to use plentiful available high oil content (67% of Nahar seed kernel) non-edible feedstock as a source for powering diesel engine. Various performance and emission characteristics of prepared Nahar oil–diesel blends (5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) are analyzed in a single cylinder direct injection diesel engine at different load spectrum, in order to judge the optimum blend, which can be efficiently used in a diesel engine. 10% blending of Nahar oil with diesel fuel has shown a reduction in hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emission by 8.64% and 8.34%, respectively. With the increase in blend concentration, the nitrogen oxide emission decreased considerably and smoke emission increased slightly. Further pressure crank angle and heat release rate analysis of 10% blending of Nahar oil with diesel confirms its smooth combustion inside the engine combustion chamber.     

论饮食业油烟治理技术的发展及应用

实际应用的饮食业油烟净化设备（以下简称油烟净化设备）中，以静电式、机械过滤式、湿式，以及由上述三种技术组成的复合式产品为主。荷电湿式油烟净化器的开发应用，将具有很强的市场竞争力，未来几年，静电式技术将继续被广泛采用，机械式技术将更多地作为预处理手段与其他技术组合使用，湿法技术因兼有部分除味和去除柴油灶燃烧颗粒的功能等特点将更有针对性地应用于适当的场所。优化组合而成的经济高效的复合式技术在未来市场中将占据主导地位。     

废油基钻井液处理及油回收技术研究

目前现场处理废油基钻井液一般采用集中填埋或回注地层方法,这不仅难以解决其污染问题,同时也浪费了其中所含有的大量柴油资源。通过大量的实验室和现场试验研究,使用“化学热洗-析油-离心”处理工艺,油回收率达到84%以上;研制开发出的清油剂-凝聚剂-絮凝剂化学热洗配方体系,适用于多种废油基钻井液的回收油处理,具有较好的工业推广应用前景。     

我国机动车污染防治行业技术发展综述

综述了近年来我国机动车污染防治行业的市场特点,介绍了重型柴油机排放控制技术、摩托车排放控制技术、轻型柴油车排放控制技术,以及机动车污染防治行业的新技术开发应用情况,并对机动车的排放控制技术进行了发展预测。     

Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics of Plastic Oil Produced from Waste Polyethylene and Its Blends with Diesel Fuel

The overall objective of this study was to explore the utility of waste plastics as a potential source of diesel fuel. An experimental study was conducted to evaluate the use of various blends of plastic oil produced from waste polyethylene (WPE) with diesel fuel (D). WPE was degraded thermally and catalytically using sodium aluminum silicate as a catalyst. The oil collected at optimum conditions (414°C–480°C range and 1 h reaction time) was fractionated at different temperatures and fuel properties of the fractions were measured. Plastic oil was blended with diesel fuel at the volumetric ratios of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 100%. Fuel properties of blends are found comparable with those of diesel fuel within the EN 590 Diesel Fuel standard and they can also be used as fuel in compression ignition engines without any modification. Engine performance and exhaust emission studies of 5% WPE-D (WPE5) blend were performed. Experimental results showed that carbon monoxide (CO) emission is decreased by 20.63%, carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission is increased by 3.34%, and oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) emission is increased by 9.17% with WPE-D (WPE5) blend compared to diesel fuel.     

Usability of food industry waste oils as fuel for diesel engines

Two cogeneration units were each fitted with a prechamber (IDI) diesel engine in order to test the feasibility of using waste oils from the food industry as a fuel source, and additionally to test emissions generated by the combustion of these fuels. Esterified waste oils and animal fats as well as mustard oil were tested and compared to the more or less "common" fuels: diesel, rapeseed oil and rapeseed methyl ester. The results show that, in principle, each of these fuels is suitable for use in a prechamber diesel engine. Engine performance can be maintained at a constant level. Without catalytic conversion, the nitrogen oxides emissions were comparable. A significant reduction in NO(x) was achieved through the injection of urea. Combining a urea injection with the SCR catalytic converter reduced NO(x) emissions between 53% and 67%. The carbon monoxide emissions from waste oils are not significantly different from those of "common" fuels and can be reduced the same way as of hydrocarbon emissions, through utilization of a catalytic converter. The rate of carbon monoxide reduction by catalytic conversion was 84-86%. A lower hydrocarbon concentration was associated with fuels of agricultural origin. With the catalytic converter a reduction of 29-42% achieved. Each prechamber diesel engine exhibited its own characteristic exhaust, which was independent of fuel type. The selective catalytic reduction of the exhaust emissions can be realized without restriction using fuels of agricultural origin.     

Emission study of a diesel engine fueled with higher alcohol-biodiesel blended fuels

This work examines the effect of butanol (higher alcohol) on the emission pattern of neat neem oil biodiesel (NBD100) fueled diesel engine. Single-cylinder, 4-stroke, research diesel engine was employed to conduct the trial. Blends comprising the mixture of biodiesel and higher alcohol were prepared by employing an ultrasonic agitator. Four test fuels such as neat neem oil biodiesel, diesel, and two blends of higher alcohol/neem oil biodiesel: 10% and 20% (by volume). Experimental result showed that increasing alcohol content to biodiesel brought down the various emissions such as Smoke, NO_x, HC, and CO by 6.8%, 10.4%, 8.6%, and 5.9%, respectively, at all loads. It was also concluded from the trail that a 20% higher alcohol/neem oil biodiesel blends show the promising signs in reducing all the emissions associated with biodiesel fuelled diesel engine.     

油气田温室气体清单编制的作法

从温室气体统计边界确定、活动水平数据收集、排放量统计到编制形成石油企业需要的温室气体清单,介绍了石油企业温室气体清单编制中,做好编制工作的一些做法,为石油企业实现温室气体减排和控制工作奠定基础。     

Analysis of emission reduction in ethyne–biodiesel-aspirated diesel engine

The present experimental work investigates the use of ethyne gas in biodiesel-fueled diesel engine at different flow rate of 1, 2, and 3 L/min and is compared with diesel operation. This work is aimed to examine the outcome of ethyne gas by dual-fuel operation on emission characteristics of neat biodiesel-fueled stationary diesel engine. The oil derived from mustard seeds are employed as a source for biodiesel. The work was carried out at 2100 rpm (speed) and at an optimal compression ratio of 17. Based on the outcome of this investigation, the maximum reduction in hydrocarbon (25.1%), carbon monoxide (17.24%), and smoke emission (24.8%) was observed for biodiesel–ethyne at 3 L/min than the neat biodiesel. However, NO_x emissions were found to be 15.8% higher for ethyne–biodiesel fueling at 3 L/min owing to increase in combustion gas temperature than neat biodiesel.