共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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气相色谱分析法,国内外已有大量报导。我们对地下水(井水)中残留的部分有机磷农药进行了初步实验,认为使用萃取—气相色谱法以及具有选择性的氮磷检测器(NPD),比较适于测定水中的痕量有机磷农药。一、仪器和试剂 1、仪器气相色谱仪Pye Unicam GCV Chromatograph配用铷盐(RbCl)氮磷检测器及程序升温装置,记录仪为Philip Pm8221型双笔式记录器,量程可以调节。微量注射器(S.G.E.Syringe)10微升和1微升两种。针长11.5厘米。分液漏斗:1升。以及其它常用容量器皿。 相似文献
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本文主要介绍百菌清在八种蔬菜中的残留分析方法。该法前处理简便、准确,平均回收率为97.8%,平均变异系数为3.53%。一、方法提要用丙酮溶剂振荡提取,经石油醚液—液分配净化,浓缩,定容后用气相色谱法电子捕获检测器(ECD)测定百菌清的残留量。仪器的最低检出量为2.2×10~(-11)g,样品的最低检出浓度为10ppb。 相似文献
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对土壤中8种有机氯农药(α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、δ-HCH、p,p’-DDE、p,p’-DDD、o,p’-DDT、p,p’-DDT)进行了分析,使用加速溶剂萃取(ASE)仪对土壤样品中的目标组分进行萃取、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)仪对萃取液净化、双塔双柱同时进样分析,采用双电子捕获检测器(ECD)同时定性定量测定。结果表明,该方法检测效果较好,8种有机氯农药的回收率在81.3%~88.6%,相对标准偏差为3.9%~5.7%,检出限为0.18~0.37μg/kg。与传统的方法相比,该方法操作简便、重复性好,定性定量更准确。 相似文献
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液上气相色谱法测定水中挥发性卤代烃的若干问题 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
液上气相色谱法测定水中挥发性有机化合物是一种优异而有效的分析方法。液上气相色谱法测定水中挥发性卤代烃经验证、审定和批准,已成为标准分析方法。本文对影响测定结果准确度和精密度的若干问题进行了讨论,作为方法实施中的补充说明,以供参考。 相似文献
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Ong Yong-Por Ho Li-Ngee Ong Soon-An Ibrahim Abdul Haqi Banjuraizah Johar Thor Shen-Hui Lee Sin-Li Teoh Tean-Peng 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(54):81368-81382
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To enhance dye removal and energy recovery efficiencies in single-pair electrode photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC-AC), dual cathodes PFC (PFC-ACC) and... 相似文献
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Zhang Wenjie Lin Mingfeng 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(12):12080-12088
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The objective of this paper was to study the pore-size distribution of municipal solid waste (MSW) and provide a basis for understanding the mechanism... 相似文献
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《国际环境与污染杂志》2011,38(3):318-327
A novel bioreactor including a group of dual functional ceramic membranes was developed and used for wastewater treatment. The ceramic membranes could be used for both aeration and filtration alternately, so fouling to ceramic membrane would be palliated effectively as its dual functions. For 100 days operation, COD removal ratio was 88∼97% for influent COD of 154∼1389 mg/L, and NH4+-N removal ratio was 98% for influent NH4+-N of 7.52∼51.35 mg/L. Some washing methods aiming at foul were discussed, experimental results indicated that surface foul is main factor to ceramic membrane and NaClO is better washing agent for the flux recover. 相似文献
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管道分质供水消毒副产物及其安全性评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
消毒副产物是饮用水中应主要控制的毒害物。然而,管道分质供水中消毒副产物特征及污染水平很少研究。以某一管道分质供水工程为例,对其中消毒副产物进行了详细研究。研究结果表明,管道分质供水消毒副产物在量与质上与其源水自来水存在很大差别。在管道分质供水中消毒副产物量少,一般不到自来水的1/10,且主要是一些毒性较低、与供水管材有关的溶出物。据此计算出管道分质供水由消毒副产物引起的致癌风险性一般不到其源水的1/10,其安全性大大提高。 相似文献
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采用溶胶—凝胶法制备的TiO2/Ti电极为光阳极,Cu、Fe、Zn或C为阴极,组成双转盘反应器,以罗丹明B(RhB)为目标污染物,考察了反应条件对光催化效率的影响.结果表明,最佳反应条件:阴极材料为Cu;转盘转速为70 r/min;初始pH为2.5;Na2SO4质量浓度为1.0 g/L; RhB初始质量浓度为20 mg/L.在最佳反应条件下,处理RhB模拟废水30 min的脱色率可达到99.9%.双转盘反应器处理不同浓度的RhB时,其脱色率是单转盘的1.12~2.33倍,且倍数随着RhB浓度增大而增加,表明双转盘反应器可高效地光催化处理高浓度染料废水. 相似文献
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对以聚乙烯微孔管为膜组件的过滤 /曝气两用型膜 生物反应器进行了研究。通过清水过滤试验发现 ,PE 1和PE 4 (孔径分别为 70~ 12 0 μm和 5~ 10 μm) 2种微孔管均具有较高的清水通量 ,单位水头下高达 2 5 0L/m2 ·h。PE 4微孔管对活性污泥混合液的过滤性能略优于PE 1,初始膜通量的选择对二者的过滤性能影响很大 ,但污泥浓度的影响则不甚显著。对膜组件进行过滤 /曝气交替运行 ,可有效地清除膜组件表面的泥饼层 ,较好地保持膜过滤性能的稳定。分别改变过滤 /曝气运行周期和初始膜通量 ,考察了膜过滤性能的变化 ,发现交替运行周期在 0 5~ 3h ,初始膜通量在 6 0~ 14 0L/m2 ·h时 ,系统在连续运行过程中每一运行周期内的平均膜通量先经历了初始的下降阶段 ,然后基本稳定在 5 0~ 80L/m2 ·h的水平 ,但低的初始膜通量可以使平均膜通量表现得更为稳定。过滤 /曝气两用型膜 生物反应器用于处理生活污水 ,可获得与传统膜 生物反应器相似的出水水质 ,并且对冲击负荷具有较好的承受能力。大小 2种孔径的微孔管对污染物的去除效果没有明显差异 相似文献
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超滤/反渗透双膜技术深度处理印染废水 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:9
由于印染废水具有高盐度,可生化性差,使常规方法难于处理完全.采用超滤和反渗透双膜技术处理实际印染废水,考察了不同超滤膜对废水的预处理性能,研究了BW30和CPA2两种反渗透膜在不同操作条件下对印染废水的处理效果,并分析了相关膜通量下降的原因.结果表明,超滤能有效地去除废水浊度和大分子有机物,为反渗透提供良好的进水水质.两种反渗透膜的产水化学需氧量(COD)均小于10 mg/L,电导率小于80/μS/cm,其对有机物和盐的去除率分别可达99%和93%以上,显示该产水能回用于大部分印染工序.BW30膜产水水质稍好于CPA2,但通量低于CPA2. 相似文献
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Inverse modeling of multicomponent reactive transport through single and dual porosity media 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Compacted bentonite is foreseen as buffer material for high-level radioactive waste in deep geological repositories because it provides hydraulic isolation, chemical stability, and radionuclide sorption. A wide range of laboratory tests were performed within the framework of FEBEX (Full-scale Engineered Barrier EXperiment) project to characterize buffer properties and develop numerical models for FEBEX bentonite. Here we present inverse single and dual-continuum multicomponent reactive transport models of a long-term permeation test performed on a 2.5 cm long sample of FEBEX bentonite. Initial saline bentonite porewater was flushed with 5.5 pore volumes of fresh granitic water. Water flux and chemical composition of effluent waters were monitored during almost 4 years. The model accounts for solute advection and diffusion and geochemical reactions such as aqueous complexation, acid-base, cation exchange, protonation/deprotonation by surface complexation and dissolution/precipitation of calcite, chalcedony and gypsum. All of these processes are assumed at local equilibrium. Similar to previous studies of bentonite porewater chemistry on batch systems which attest the relevance of protonation/deprotonation on buffering pH, our results confirm that protonation/deprotonation is a key process in maintaining a stable pH under dynamic transport conditions. Breakthrough curves of reactive species are more sensitive to initial porewater concentration than to effective diffusion coefficient. Optimum estimates of initial porewater chemistry of saturated compacted FEBEX bentonite are obtained by solving the inverse problem of multicomponent reactive transport. While the single-continuum model reproduces the trends of measured data for most chemical species, it fails to match properly the long tails of most breakthrough curves. Such limitation is overcome by resorting to a dual-continuum reactive transport model. 相似文献