砷胁迫对不同烟草品种光合色素和叶绿素荧光特性的影响

为了研究不同浓度砷(As)对烟草光合色素和叶绿素荧光特性的影响,首先将3个烟草品种翠碧1号、K326和云烟-87幼苗种植在从0到100 mg·kg-1亚砷酸钠(Na As O2)的6个浓度组中进行盆栽试验,并定期进行烟草受害症状的观测,测定叶片的光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明:烟草在As胁迫下的反应因As胁迫浓度、胁迫时间和烟草品种而异。烟草光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光参数均表现为低浓度下有促进效应和高浓度下有抑制效应,同时3种烟草在40 mg·kg-1As浓度处理下出现生长受阻,且浓度越高胁迫症状越明显。K326和云烟-87表观症状较明显,对As毒害的敏感性高于翠碧1号。随着As胁迫时间的延长,烟草的耐性增强,对As胁迫的敏感性减弱。     

不同钾肥对几种烟草吸收累积土壤镉的影响

采用盆栽试验,研究了3种钾肥对4种烟草吸收土壤重金属镉的影响.烟草云烟87、云烟97、K326和湘3号生长在株洲茶陵镉污染1.0 mg·kg~(-1)以下的酸性土壤上,通过追肥施入3种钾肥(硫酸钾、硅酸钾、磷酸氢二钾),分别测定烟草上、中、下部位烟叶中重金属的含量,探讨3种钾肥对污染土壤pH的影响及烟草吸收土壤重金属镉的差异性.结果表明,K326对镉的富集能力最强,云烟87最弱;硅酸钾对降低烟草吸收镉的效果最好,降低率可达20%—40%;且3种钾肥对土壤pH和镉化学形态的影响均呈显著性水平.     

外源Hg胁迫对3种烟草品种叶绿素含量和光合效应的影响

为研究不同浓度汞(Hg)对烟草光合作用的影响,选择福建省3个主栽烟草品种(翠碧1号、K326、云烟87)幼苗进行盆栽试验,设置0、1、2、4、8、16 mg·kg~(-1)共6个浓度组。结果表明:(1)3种烟草叶片叶绿素含量与对照比均无显著差异(P0.05),但F_v/F_m、F_v/F_o、PI_(ABS)随胁迫浓度增加均呈下降趋势,可见Hg胁迫下烟草叶绿素含量和光合强度没有必然的相关性。(2)在较高浓度(4 mg·kg~(-1))Hg胁迫下,OJIP曲线改变了形状,表明Hg胁迫对烟草叶片光合机构影响主要是PSⅡ及光系统反应中心受到损伤,光合电子传递过程受到抑制,这可能是烟草叶片光合效应显著下降的主要因素。(3)烟草叶片PSII单位反应中心比活性参数ABS/RC、TRo/RC、DIo/RC与胁迫浓度正相关,ETo/RC和RC/CSo与胁迫浓度呈负相关,在较高浓度Hg胁迫下烟草叶片通过耗散过剩的光能和提高多余能量消耗量来保护光合机构免受更大的伤害,表现出较强的自我调节能力。     

Cd胁迫下不同水稻品种组织细胞中Cd的转运分配研究

采用土培试验,以越冬稻、R1088(籽粒Cd低积累)和IR34582、太粳558(籽粒Cd高积累)4个水稻品种为试验材料,研究不同水稻品种在Cd0(不加Cd)、Cd5(5 mg·kg~(-1))和Cd25(25 mg·kg~(-1))胁迫下对Cd的吸收、转运及其分配特征,以期为培育镉低积累水稻品种提供科学依据。结果表明,(1)Cd胁迫下,Cd低积累水稻品种根Cd含量显著高于Cd高积累水稻品种,而地上部Cd含量却显著低于Cd高积累水稻品种;同时,其TF_(根-茎)和TF_(茎-叶鞆)也显著低于Cd高积累水稻品种。(2)Cd在各组织亚细胞中的含量表现为细胞壁可溶部分细胞膜细胞器。Cd胁迫下,Cd低积累水稻品种根系细胞壁(F1)、细胞器(F2)、细胞膜(F3)和可溶部分(F4)Cd含量均显著高于Cd高积累水稻品种,而茎、叶鞘和叶中F1、F2、F3和F4Cd含量却显著低于Cd高积累水稻品种。(3)不同水稻品种各组织间转移系数与根系Cd亚细胞分布比例相关性分析表明,Cd5处理中,TF_(根-茎)分别与F1和F4分配比例呈极显著负相关和显著正相关,相关系数分别为-0.93 1(P0.01)和0.702(P0.05);Cd25处理中,TF_(根-茎)与F1和F4分配比例呈极显著负相关和极显著正相关,相关系数分别为-0.908和0.786(P0.01)。综上所述,Cd胁迫下水稻各组织Cd含量显著增加,且Cd含量和TF_(根-茎)在Cd高低积累水稻品种间存在显著差异,根系细胞壁和可溶部分在Cd从根部向上转运的过程中起着重要作用。     

高砷煤矿污染稻田水稻对砷的吸收与赋存特征研究

为研究砷污染稻田水稻(Oryza sativa L.)各器官(根、茎、叶、稻壳、稻米)在拔节期、灌浆期、成熟期对不同形态砷的富集、吸收、转运和分布特征,以贵州省兴仁县高砷煤矿区砷污染稻田的水稻为研究对象,采用高效液相色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定水稻各生育时期各器官中形态砷含量。研究表明,随着水稻生长,根部对As的富集逐渐降低,而水稻茎、叶部对As富集并未随根部As含量降低而降低;拔节期至灌浆期是茎、叶部对As富集的主要生长期。不同生育时期水稻根部主要富集As(Ⅴ),但水稻向茎部主要输送As(Ⅲ),在成熟期茎、叶部和稻米中As(Ⅲ)占总砷含量的70%以上。拔节期根部阻留As能力和茎部向叶部输送分配As的能力都相对较强,但随着水稻生长而逐渐减弱。水稻成熟期茎部与叶部相比,可能更易赋存As(Ⅴ)。成熟期水稻各部位As(Ⅲ)含量比值为根?茎?叶?稻壳?稻米=91.6?20.5?6.3?1.6?1;As(Ⅴ)含量比值为根?茎?叶?稻壳?稻米=620.8?12.2?5.7?4.7?1。水稻各器官吸收不同形态砷的同时,会保持体内As(Ⅲ)与As(Ⅴ)的平衡。研究结果可为深入认识矿业背景条件下砷在水稻中的富集及形态分布提供参考。     

镉胁迫对线麻(CannabisSativaL.)富集及光合特性的影响

选择广泛栽培于西北地区的线麻(Cannabis Sativa L.)进行盆栽实验,研究了Cd胁迫对线麻富集和光合特性的影响.结果显示,线麻根、茎、叶中Cd最大富集量分别达到503.40、350.63、77.90 mg·kg~(-1).随着土壤Cd浓度的增加,线麻根、茎、叶的富集量逐渐增加,且表现为:根部茎部叶部.当Cd≥150 mg·kg~(-1)时,Cd从根部向地上部分的转运开始加强,且地上部分组织中主要集中在茎部.线麻株高、比叶重和生物量随Cd浓度的增加先升高后下降.当Cd浓度≥150 mg·kg~(-1)时,株高、比叶重和地下部分生物量明显低于对照(P0.05),而地上部分生物量不存在显著性差异(P0.05).当Cd浓度为50 mg·kg~(-1)时线麻叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、最大净光合速率和光饱和点达到最大值,光补偿点随Cd浓度的增加而持续增加.结果表明,线麻具有较高的Cd富集能力,可以作为潜在的Cd污染土壤修复栽培作物,但野外修复中如何提高线麻的生物量有待于进一步研究.     

珠江三角洲稻田土壤砷及其向水稻籽粒迁移特征

采集珠江三角洲区域水稻(Oryze sativa L.)植株的根系、秸秆、稻谷和对应的耕层土壤(0～15锄)样品,分析土壤和水稻植株中砷含量,初步研究土壤砷与土壤基本理化性质的关系及砷在土壤-水稻系统中的迁移规律.结果表明,土壤砷含量在1.83～18.14 mg·kg~(-1)之间,土壤砷与土壤有机质、砂粒含量呈显著负相关,与土壤粉粒含量呈显著正相关.糙米中的砷含量在0.21～0.43mg·kg~(-1)之间,均未超过国家食品卫生标准(0.7mg·kg~(-1)),砷在水稻植株中的分布规律为根>秸秆>颖壳>糙米.糙米砷含量与秸秆砷含量呈极显著正相关,与秸秆中P/As、Si/As摩尔比呈极显著负相关,因此,降低秸秆中As的积累、增加秸秆中P、Si的积累可降低水稻籽粒中的砷含量.     

外源磷素对药用植物三七吸收砷的微区及形态分布特征影响

三七是中国特有的珍稀药用植物,其生长环境受地域、气候、土壤等条件的限制,仅云南省文山州三七产量高、品质好。但由于矿业开采、工业生产等因素使得土壤砷的背景值超标,逐渐威胁三七的正常生长及其产品质量。因此,如何降低三七砷污染是目前迫切需要解决的问题。磷与砷具有相似的结构和理化性质,利用磷与砷在土壤中的拮抗效应,达到控制土壤砷危害的效果。本研究利用同步辐射X射线荧光方法(SRXRF)和高效液相色谱-原子荧光联用技术(HPLC-HG-AFS)相结合对参试三七植株进行分析测定,从细胞微区组织层面揭示药用植物三七在外源磷素作用下吸收As和P的相对含量分布规律和三七植株各部位的砷形态及含量特征,以及各部位的生物转运系数及富集系数的变化。结果表明:磷和砷在三七主根部的相对含量荧光分析中保持分布规律一致的特性,说明三七根部吸收磷和砷的点位相同;添加外源磷素处理可以有效降低三七各部位三价砷和五价砷的含量,最大降幅达50%,同时可以降低根部对砷的吸收富集系数;试验中仅添加五价砷元素,但在三七植株各部位均检出三价砷,说明三七体内存在着砷还原机制;其中茎部的三价砷的含量均高于五价砷,推测茎是三七体内砷还原反应的主要场所。     

黄石国家矿山公园草本植物重金属富集能力研究

为探究草本植物各部位对重金属的富集能力,筛选可能具有重金属污染修复潜力的草本植物,将经过六年植被自然恢复及现代生态修复后的黄石矿山公园的土壤和草本植物作为研究对象,采用原子吸收光谱法(AAS)测定黄石矿山公园内优势植物蕨菜(Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum)、铁线蕨(Adiantum capillus-veneris)、凤尾蕨(Pteris cretica var.nervosa)、蜈蚣草(Eremochloa ciliaris)、贯众(Cyrtomium macrophyllum)、芒草(Miscanthus sinensis)、白茅(Imperata cylindrica)、苔草(Carex spp.)、早熟禾(Poa annua)等9种草本植物的根、茎、叶及其根系土壤中的重金属含量,分析生态修复过程中草本植物对土壤重金属的富集和转移能力。结果表明,黄石市国家矿山公园的土壤受到重金属镉(Cd)、铜(Cu)的严重污染,与湖北省土壤环境背景值相比,Cd的平均污染指数达46.88,Cu次之,为10.67。草本植物对重金属元素的富集能力差别较大,蜈蚣草对重金属的富集作用较强,综合富集系数为11.14,治理土壤重金属Cd污染效果明显。蕨菜Zn含量为1568.15mg·kg~(-1),富集系数和转移系数分别为1.13、1.19;早熟禾Zn含量为1202.64mg·kg~(-1),富集系数和转移系数分别为1.08、1.08。蕨菜和早熟禾是典型的Zn富集型植物。聚类结果亦显示蕨菜富集效果最好,蜈蚣草次之,二者均可作为重金属污染土壤的修复植物。     

乌达矿区煤火污染点土壤中砷的定量分析与评价

采集了矿区不同区域的72个土壤样品以及对照背景区的8个土壤样品,采用液相色谱-原子荧光联用技术测定了土壤中砷的含量,对乌达煤火污染点土壤中砷含量进行了定量分析,并对该区土壤砷污染程度进行了初步评价.结果表明,矿区土壤中砷含量范围为0.74—55.41 mg·kg~(-1),平均值12.59 mg·kg~(-1),约是该区土壤背景值(3.83 mg·kg-1)的3.29倍;不同采样点土壤中砷含量及土壤污染程度存在明显差异:烟点土壤污染点土壤非污染点土壤.乌达矿区土壤中存在砷污染,煤层自燃是该区土壤中砷污染的主要来源之一.     

Heavy metal pollution in soil and plants at bone char site

This study determined the heavy metal concentration in soil and plants at a bone char site in Umuahia, Nigeria. Soil and plant samples collected in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) were analyzed for zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and arsenic (As). The concentration of metals in soil and plants in the vicinity of the bone char site are as follows: Zn (172?mg?kg^?1) and Ni (0.62?mg?kg^?1) in soil were highest at site P₃, Pb (2.37?mg?kg^?1) and As (0.08?mg?kg^?1) at site P₁, and Cd (18.30?mg?kg^?1) at site P₂. In plants, the concentrations of Zn (41.17?mg?kg^?1) and Cd (3?mg?kg^?1) were highest in Albizia ferruginea, Ni in Dialium guineense (0.09?mg?kg^?1), while Pb was in D. guineense (0.08?mg?kg^?1) and Spathodea companulata (0.06?mg?kg^?1). The levels of Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, and As in soil ranged from 11.2 to 172, 2.68 to 18.2, 0.026 to 2.37, 0.33 to 0.62, and 0.02 to 0.08?mg?kg^?1, respectively. In plants, the concentration of Zn, Cd, Pb, and Ni ranged from 2.01 to 41.17, 0.12 to 3, 0.02 to 0.08, and 0.03 to 0.09?mg?kg^?1, respectively. There were significant correlations between Zn and Cd, and Pb and As in soil. The high concentration of Cd in soil might affect soil productivity.     

不同水稻品种对镉积累的差异及其与镉亚细胞分布的关系

采用土培试验,以籽粒Cd低积累水稻品种(越冬稻和R1088)和籽粒Cd高积累水稻品种(IR34582和太粳558)为试验材料,研究成熟期水稻在Cd0(不加Cd)、Cd5(5 mg·kg~(-1))和Cd25(25 mg·kg~(-1))胁迫下,Cd在水稻各组织中的积累差异及其与Cd亚细胞分布的关系,为培育Cd低积累水稻品种和水稻安全生产提供科学依据。结果表明:(1) Cd胁迫下,约65%～83%的Cd积累于根系,低积累品种根系Cd含量显著高于高积累品种,而地上部却相反;(2)高积累品种往地上部转运Cd的效率以及地上部各组织往籽粒转运Cd的效率均显著高于低积累品种;(3) Cd胁迫下,低积累品种根中细胞壁(F1)、细胞器(F2)、细胞膜(F3)和可溶部分(F4)中Cd含量显著高于高积累品种,而茎、叶鞘和叶中却相反;(4)低积累品种根和茎中F1中Cd分配比例均显著高于高积累品种,而F4中Cd分配比例却相反;在叶鞘和叶中,F1、F4中Cd分配比例在不同品种之间无显著差异。(5) Cd胁迫下,TF_(根-茎)和TF_(茎-糙米)均与F1中Cd分配比例成显著负相关关系,而与F4中Cd分配比例成显著正相关关系。综上,高积累品种往地上部转运Cd的能力强于低积累品种;低积累品种根和茎中细胞壁限制了Cd的迁移;而高积累品种根和茎中可溶部分在Cd从根部向上以及从茎向籽粒转运过程中起着重要作用。     

Chemical Changes in Agricultural Soils of Korea: Data Review and Suggested Countermeasures

The monitoring of chemical properties, including heavy metals, in soils is necessary if better management and remediation practices are to be established for polluted soils. The National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology initiated a monitoring study that investigated fertility and heavy metal contents of the benchmarked soils. The study covered paddy soils, upland soils, and horticultural soils in the plastic film houses, and orchard soils throughout the Korea from 1990 to 1998. Likewise,4047 samples of paddy and 2534 samples of plastic house in 1999 and 2000 were analyzed through the Soil Environment Conservation Act. Soil chemical properties such as pH, organic matter, availablephosphate and extractable calcium, magnesium and potassium contents, and heavy metal contentssuch as cadmium, copper, lead, zinc, arsenic, mercury, and cobalt contents were analyzed. The studyshowed that the average contents of organic matter, available phosphate, and extractable potassiumrapidly increased in plastic house soils than in upland or paddy soils. Two kinds of fertilizer recommendation systems were established for the study: the standard levels by national soil average data for 77 crops and the recommendation by soil test for 70 crops. Standard nitrogen fertilizer application levels for cereal crops changed from 94 kg/ha in 1960s, 99 kg/ha in 1970s, 110 kg/ha in 1980s to 90 kg/ha in 1990s. The K₂O-fertilizer also changed from 67 kg/ha in 1960s, 76 kg/ha in 1970s, 92 kg/ha in 1980s, andonly 44 kg/ha in 1990s. In rice paddy fields, the average contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in surface soils(0–15 cm depth) were 0.11 mg kg^–1(ranged from 0 to 1.01), 4.70 mg kg^–1(0–41.59), 4.84 mg kg^–1(0–66.44), and 4.47 mg kg^–1(0–96.70), respectively. In the uplands, the average contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn,and As in surface soils (0–15 cm depth) were 0.135 mg kg^–1(ranged from 0 to 0.660), 2.77 mg kg^–1(0.07–78.24), 3.47 mg kg^–1(0–43.00), 10.70 mg kg^–1(0.30–65.10), and 0.57 mg kg^–1(0.21–2.90), respectively. In plastic film houses, the average contents of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and As in surface soil were 0.12 mg kg^–1(ranging from 0 to 1.28), 4.82 mg kg^–1(0–46.50), 2.68 mg kg^–1(0–46.50), 31.19 mg kg^–1(0.19–252.0), and 0.36 mg kg^–1(0–4.98), respectively. In orchard fields, the averagecontents of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, and Hg in surface soils (0–20 cm depth) were 0.11 mg kg^–1(ranged from 0–0.49), 3.62 mg kg^–1(0.03–45.30), 2.30 mg kg^–1(0–27.80), 16.60 mg kg^–1(0.33–105.50),0.44 mg kg^–1(0–4.14), and 0.05 mg kg^–1(0.01–0.54), respectively. For polluted soils with over thewarning content levels of heavy metals, fine red earth application, land reconsolidation and soilamelioration such as lime, phosphate, organic manure, and submerging were recommended. For the countermeasure areas, cultivation of non-edible crops such as garden trees, flowers, and fiber crops; landreformation; and heavy application of finered earth (up to 30 cm) were strongly recommended. Landuse techniques should be changed to beharmonious with the environment to increase yield andincome. Soil function characteristics should betaken into account.     

Phytotoxicity assessment of phenanthrene and pyrene in soil using two barley genotypes

This study investigated the toxicity extent of phenanthrene and pyrene to two cultivars (CM-72 and Gairdner) of barley (Hordeum vulgare). Germination of barley seeds was evaluated in 69-d aged soil, separately spiked with phenanthrene at extractable concentrations of 0.95, 6.3, 59, and 300 mg kg^?1 (dry soil) and pyrene at 1.0, 9.0, 73, and 400 mg kg^?1 (dry soil). Although germination was not inhibited, significant (P < 0.05) reduction in root and shoot length occurred at concentrations of phenanthrene ≥6.3 mg kg^?1 and pyrene ≥9.0 mg kg^?1 after both 72 and 240 h. Fresh and dry biomass of both cultivars reduced with increasing concentrations of both polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Barley cultivar CM-72 was more sensitive than Gairdner, and it can be considered suitable for toxicity assessment of PAH-contaminated soils.     

Nitrate levels in fresh vegetables and berries from central Japan

Nitrate concentrations in 326 recent vegetables and berries sold in Niigata, located in central Japan, were investigated. Maximum nitrate concentrations of 6600 mg kg^?1 were detected in samples of komatsuna (Brassica campestris var. perviridis) and mizuna (B. campestris L.). Mean concentrations ranged from 4 mg kg^?1(blueberry) to 3500 mg kg^?1 (mizuna). Concentrations in spinach ranged from 10 to 6000 mg kg^?1 (mean 1500 mg kg^?1). Nitrate intake from spinach and Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus) were estimated to be 0.7 and 0.8 mg kg^?1 day^?1, respectively. These values are equivalent to 19% and 23% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI). Nitrate intake at the 90th percentile was estimated to be 1.3 mg kg^?1 day^?1 (35% of the ADI) from spinach and 1.6 mg kg^?1 day^?1 (43% of the ADI) from Japanese radish.     

Determination of the levels of selected metals in seeds,flowers and fruits of medicinal plants used for tapeworm treatment in Ethiopia

The level of accumulation of selected essential and non-essential metals, namely; Ca, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, and Cr have been investigated in the seeds, fruits, and flowers of some medicinal plants utilized for tapeworm treatment in Ethiopia and their respective soil samples. These include seed of Cucurbita maxima (Duba), fruit of Embelia abyssinica (Ankoko), flowers of Hagenia abyssinica (Kosso), and fruits of Rosa abyssinica (Kega) and their respective soil samples. A wet digestion procedure with a mixture of conc. HNO₃ and HClO₄ for the plant samples and a mixture of conc. HNO₃, HCl, and H₂O₂ for soil samples were used to solubilize the metals. Ca (1280–12,670?mg?kg^?1) was the predominant metal followed by Fe (104–420?mg?kg^?1), and Zn (18–185?mg?kg^?1) in all the plant materials except for Hagenia abyssinica flower from Hirna in which Mn (16–42?mg?kg^?1) followed by Fe. Among the non-essential toxic metals, Pb was not detected in Cucurbita maxima of Boji, Gedo and Hirna origins and in Rosa abyssinica of Hirna site. Similarly, Cr was not detected in Rosa abyssinica fruits of Boji and Gedo sites. The sampled soils were found to be between strongly acidic to weakly basic (pH: 4.7–7.1). In the soil samples, Ca (8528–18,900?mg?kg^?1) was the most abundant metal followed by Fe (417–912?mg?kg^?1), Zn (155–588?mg?kg^?1), Mn (54–220?mg?kg^?1), Cr (21–105. mg?kg^?1), Cu (11–58?mg?kg^?1), Pb (13–32?mg?kg^?1) and Cd (2.8–4.8?mg?kg^?1). The levels of most of the metals determined in the medicinal plants and the respective soil samples are in good agreement with those reported in the literature and the standards set for the soil by various legislative authorities.     

Dynamic changes in radial oxygen loss and iron plaque formation and their effects on Cd and As accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Temporal variations and correlations between radial oxygen loss (ROL), iron (Fe) plaque formation, cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) accumulation were investigated in two rice cultivars at four different growth stages based upon soil pot and deoxygenated solution experiments. The results showed that there were significant differences in ROL (1.1–16 μmol O₂ plant^?1 h^?1), Fe plaque formation (4,097–36,056 mg kg^?1), Cd and As in root tissues (Cd 77–162 mg kg^?1; As 49–199 mg kg^?1) and Fe plaque (Cd 0.4–24 mg kg^?1; As 185–1,396 mg kg^?1) between these growth stages. ROL and Fe plaque increased dramatically from tillering to ear emergence stages and then were much reduced at the grain-filling stage. Furthermore, significantly positive correlations were detected between ROL and concentrations of Fe, Cd and As in Fe plaque. Our study indicates that increased Fe plaque forms on rice roots at the ear emergence stage due to the increased ROL. This stage could therefore be an important period to limit the transfer and distribution of Cd and As in rice plants when growing in soils contaminated with these toxic elements.     

Variations between rice cultivars in root secretion of organic acids and the relationship with plant cadmium uptake

To attempt to understand certain mechanisms causing the variations between rice cultivars with regard to Cd uptake and accumulation, pot soil experiments were conducted with two rice cultivars at different levels of Cd, i.e., 0 (the control), 10, 50 mg Cd kg⁻¹ soil. The two rice cultivars differ significantly with regard to Cd uptake and accumulation. Root secretions of low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOA) for each treatment were measured with ion chromatography. The results showed that LMWOA concentrations in the soil planted with Shan you 63 (a high soil Cd accumulator) were all higher than those in the soil planted with Wu yun jing 7 (low soil Cd accumulator) at different soil Cd levels, although the magnitudes of the differences varied for individual LMWOA and depend on soil Cd concentrations. For all six LMWOA, there were significant differences at P < 0.05 or < 0.01 levels for soils treated with 10 and 50 mg kg⁻¹ Cd. The magnitude of the differences was greater under soil Cd treatments, especially at relatively low levels (for example, 10 mg Cd kg⁻¹ soil), than in the control. Acetic acid and formic acid constituted more than 96% of the total concentration of the six LMWOA, while citric acid constituted only about 0.1%. The rice cultivar with higher concentrations of LMWOA in soil accumulated more Cd in the plants. The results indicate that LMWOA secretion by rice root, especially in Cd-contaminated soils, is likely to be one of the mechanisms determining the plant Cd uptake properties of rice cultivars.