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1.
我国生物质废物污染现状与资源化发展趋势   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
我国的生物质废物具有产生量大、可降解有机物含量高的特点,如果能对其进行有效的利用,不但能减少污染,还将会有助于缓解我国能源短缺的现状。介绍了我国生物质废物的污染现状及生物质废物资源化的主要途径,指出我国生物质废物资源化中存在的问题,并提出今后的发展方向及发展对策。  相似文献   

2.
利用2001—2009年中国废纸回收和利用的统计数据,对我国的废纸回收利用现状进行了分析,指出目前存在的问题,并提出了更新废纸分类标准、完善废纸回收网络、加强国民环保教育、规范废纸进口、合理利用国际废纸资源等对策。  相似文献   

3.
 Rapid social and economic development in China has caused the amount of hazardous wastes being generated to increase drastically. The necessary regulations and systems regarding the management of hazardous wastes are currently still not in place. Based on an analysis of the characteristics of hazardous waste pollution and pollution trends in China, this paper reports on China's current status regarding hazardous waste management, and introduces the main difficulties to be faced. The principles and objectives, and the action plan for hazardous waste pollution control in China are also explained in detail. These principles and objectives have been stipulated in the Technological Policies on Hazardous Waste Pollution Control, which is issued by China State EPA, State ETC, and the Science and Technology Ministry. Received: April 30, 2002 / Accepted: October 17, 2002  相似文献   

4.
我国纸包装废物产生特性和回收状况研究   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
纸包装被广泛应用于各个领域,消费量巨大,废物的产生量也巨大,但我国对其产生特性和回收体系研究较少。首先分析纸包装的生产量、消费量、废物产生量和回收量,指出我国纸包装废物回收率,远高于废纸的统计回收率;其次,综合分析纸包装废物的回收特性和回收体系状况,指出纸包装废物主要流向和关键环节;然后,对纸包装消费趋势进行预测,最后,提出纸包装废物回收存在的问题和对策措施。  相似文献   

5.
The effects of organic loading rate on the performance and stability of anaerobic co-digestion of municipal biomass waste (MBW) and waste activated sludge (WAS) were investigated on a pilot-scale reactor. The results showed that stable operation was achieved with organic loading rates (OLR) of 1.2–8.0 kg volatile solid (VS) (m3 d)?1, with VS reduction rates of 61.7–69.9%, and volumetric biogas production of 0.89–5.28 m3 (m3 d)?1. A maximum methane production rate of 2.94 m3 (m3 d)?1 was achieved at OLR of 8.0 kg VS (m3 d)?1 and hydraulic retention time of 15 days. With increasing OLRs, the anaerobic reactor showed a decrease in VS removal rate, average pH value and methane concentration, and a increase of volatile fatty acid concentration. By monitoring the biogas production rate (BPR), the anaerobic digestion system has a higher acidification risk under an OLR of 8.0 kg VS (m3 d)?1. This result remarks the possibility of relating bioreactor performance with BPR in order to better understand and monitor anaerobic digestion process.  相似文献   

6.
废旧塑料的回收利用是环境污染控制所面临的一个重要课题,近年来,人们在这方面进行了大量的研究工作,取得了很多成果.详细叙述了国内外废旧塑料回收处理的方法,分析了我国在废旧塑料回收利用方面的现状及存在的问题,并对如何进一步开展废旧塑料回收利用工作提出了一系列切实可行的建议.  相似文献   

7.
近年来,治理"白色污染"、消灭"白色公害"已成为全球的共识,从废旧塑料的最终处置、直接再生利用、改性再生利用、热分解以及与其他材料复合等几个方面综述了废旧塑料的综合利用途径,其中废旧塑料和其他材料复合的再生利用技术有很好的发展前途,将成为今后研究的新热点.  相似文献   

8.
针对建筑垃圾的特点,分述了不同类别建筑垃圾的利用途径,对今后的相关工作提出了要求和建议.  相似文献   

9.
简要介绍废旧胶粉的制造方法,以及胶粉在实际生产、生活当中的应用现状。提高废旧胶粉的再利用技术,拓展其应用领域,是节约资源、保护环境,促进国民经济增长方式转变和可持续发展的重要措施。  相似文献   

10.
随着我国经济快速发展及城市化水平提升,城市生活垃圾产量越来越大,焚烧逐渐成为城市生活垃圾处理的主要方式.但焚烧会产生大量的垃圾焚烧飞灰(以下简称飞灰),飞灰属于危险废物.论述了飞灰的来源、成分、特性及危害,介绍了飞灰的处理处置技术:水泥固化技术、化学药剂稳定化技术、熔融固化技术、水热稳定化技术和水泥窑协同处理技术,并分...  相似文献   

11.
废聚乙烯的回收利用是近年来环境污染控制的一个重要课题.作为废旧塑料的主要组成成份的废聚乙烯,人们已对其回收利用展开了大量的研究,并取得了很大的进步.从三大方面讨论了废聚乙烯的综合利用问题,同时,讨论了很多最新技术,并对每一方法的优缺点作出分析,对其应用前景作出了预测.  相似文献   

12.
废铜催化剂的综合利用   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
研究了以湿法回收利用废铜催化剂中的铜、锌制取氧化亚铜和氧化锌的原理以及最佳工艺条件。该工艺可同槽进行浸取、蒸氨、还原、中和水解等操作,生产成本低,产品质量好,工艺过程中无三废排放,具有很好的综合效益。  相似文献   

13.
针对电子产品焊接过程中产生的波峰焊渣、SMT过程中产生的废电子焊膏及废电子信息产品回收拆解过程中产生的废电子焊料的回收利用,开发经济实用的废电子焊料综合利用工艺技术与设备。在H2SiF6-Pb(Sn)SiF6电解液中,控制游离H2SiF6在100~150 g/L,Pb2(+Sn2+)在60~120 g/L,电流密度100 A/m2,槽电压0.3~0.5 V,常温电解,实现Pb-Sn合金的提纯精制,生产出合格的Pb-Sn合金焊料。然后用常规方法从电解阳极泥中进一步回收银等贵金属。  相似文献   

14.
对管桩余浆常用的几种回收利用方法作了分析对比,提出了较为完善的余浆干法利用方法,将余浆固化后经破碎、烘干、粉磨,再用作混凝土的掺合料,更加有利于发挥余浆的潜在活性.  相似文献   

15.
以循环经济思想为指导,对建筑垃圾分类及再生利用技术进行分析,建议从源头控制建筑垃圾的产生量,强化全社会对建筑垃圾再生利用的环保意识.提高全社会对再生资源的认识.  相似文献   

16.
日本城市废弃物处理和综合利用技术简介   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
应日本新技术促进机构邀请,对日本城市废弃物处理和综合利用技术进行考察.简要介绍日本新技术促进机构以及日本企业对于城市垃圾、废塑料和电子废弃物的处置和再利用技术,为中日再生资源行业深入合作,推动我国再生资源行业技术发展提供借鉴.  相似文献   

17.
In our previous work, the primary sludge from wastewater treatment plants was shown to contain a considerable amount of cellulose (about 20%, based on suspended solids) owing to the discharge of toilet paper. For the purpose of using the cellulose as a biomass resource, this study examined a simple method for its recovery. When fibrous cellulose was suspended in 0.3% sulfuric acid and autoclaved at 130°C for 60 min, 85%–88% of the initial solids remained without dissolving. Under these conditions, an activated sludge sample not containing cellulose was strongly hydrolyzed and only 7% of the initial solids remained. The prescribed amounts of cellulose added to the activated sludge sample were quantitatively recovered by the autoclaving treatment. In the treatment of primary sludge containing >20% cellulose, residual solids with relatively high levels of cellulose (>69%) could be obtained. The results indicate that the method proposed here could recover cellulose practically from waste sewage sludge for biomass utilization. Received: July 17, 2000 / Accepted: July 4, 2001  相似文献   

18.
Local level waste authorities and their officials directly interact and serve the people on behalf of higher governments. Given the influential positions they have on the quality of life of the citizens, these local waste authorities deserve more attention from researchers. This study throws light on the factors related to local waste management and administrators that have caused waste management failures in three mainland Chinese cities. Based on a survey conducted in 2002-2003, it was found that waste administrators in these cities are not professionally competent in their jobs and they are also not confident in using economic instruments to address waste management issues in their cities. These local waste authorities are generally under-funded, and funding politics has to some extent eroded the incentives to carry out the instructions of higher waste authorities. The community at large also does not respect local waste management work. The residents frequently litter, are unobservant of waste collection times and are unwilling to pay for waste collection service. All of these are handicapping environmentally sound waste management.  相似文献   

19.
The new treatment plan for waste materials in Toyohashi produces thermal energy, organic compost and material for landfill projects out of waste material and recovers waste materials which can be recycled for re-use. The resource recovery and waste treatment centre consists of five parts: an incinerator, a high-rate compost production unit, a human faeces treatment unit, a resource recovery unit and a chicken manure treatment unit. This combination results in a saving of heat energy and materials used in the waste treatment processes. Non-combustible wastes, together with ashes and other residue are buried in large sunken fields and serve as the base for farmland reclamation projects. To provide the optimum treatment and utilization of waste materials it is necessary to separate the waste materials into separate categories before it is collected. Citizens co-operate by separating waste materials into five types at home, office wastes are separated into three different types. The centre has been operated satisfactorily since April 1980.  相似文献   

20.
分析了我国建筑垃圾的现状及存在的问题,介绍了一些开发利用建筑垃圾方面的成功经验,提出了解决问题的方法和途径.  相似文献   

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