共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 242 毫秒
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滨河湿地对农业非点源氮污染控制研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
氮素是农业径流最重要、最普遍的水体污染物。滨河湿地因受到陆地生境和水生生境双重影响而显得非常独特,作为重要的陆地和水生环境的生态交错带,滨河湿地能够阻断和改变水运污染物,特别是农业径流中的氮排入临近的小溪和河流。植物吸收和反硝化作用是滨河湿地两种最重要的截留和缓解氮负荷的有效途径,氮素可以通过生物转化、植物吸收、微生物暂时固氮等方式去除,但是永久性的去除氮却是通过反硝化过程来完成的。为了系统认识和了解滨河湿地生态系统对农业非点源氮污染控制过程,通过大量文献分析讨论了滨河湿地对农业非点源氮的净化能力、净化机制及其影响因素,并结合我国研究现状展望了该领域的研究前景。滨河湿地对农业非点源氮污染的控制作用研究将成为滨河湿地生态系统服务功能评价、滨河湿地生态系统健康与稳定的诊断和退化滨河湿地生态系统修复的重要基础理论。 相似文献
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淮安湿地现状调查和可持续发展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从2004-2006年上半年以来,对淮安市的湿地现状进行了调查,并对其功能、效益进行了分析,指出了淮安市湿地保护存在的问题,同时强调必须要运用宣传教育、科学规划、统筹兼顾、协调管理、加大投入等手段来保护生物多样性,实现环境、经济、社会效益的可持续发展。 相似文献
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人工湿地污水处理技术与节约型城市的建设 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
人工湿地污水处理技术是一个完整的生态系统,正不断得到研究应用和发展,具有出水水质好、增加绿地面积、改善和美化生态环境、操作简单、维护和运行费用低廉等优点,是建设节约型城市的重要措施之一,具有极其广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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刍议长三角地区的生态建设 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
长三角地区城市化和工业化带来区域经济迅猛发展的同时,也导致了长三角生态系统组分比例失调、结构缺损、功能丧失、环境容量萎缩等生态问题.湿地兼有自然"肾"、"肺"双功能.利用长三角地区湿地生态系统的独特性和内在优势,加强湿地生态建设、生态保护、生态恢复与生态重建,拓展环境容量,可保障该区域可持续发展的实现.从地质地貌、自然史发展、自然经济学和区域发展等角度探讨了长三角地区湿地的生态服务价值的现存价值和理论价值,分析讨论了长三角自然湿地、城市区湿地和农业区湿地的生态建设思路. 相似文献
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华北山区位于华北平原与陕甘黄土高原以及内蒙古高原之间,是我国经济欠发达地区之一。它又是我国华北平原、京津唐等大城市工农业和生活用水的主要源地,生态环境类型复杂多样,但由于人类活动频繁,自然植被破坏严重,生态系统结构紊乱,功能脆弱,自身恢复能力较弱。积极开展华北山区的环境综合整治与生态建设不仅对解决当地人民的生活和生存问题具有重要的意义,而且对于我国华北地区经济的发展也具有重要的战略意义。本文详细分析了华北山区的生态系统特点和存在的问题,并在此基础上提出在该区环境综合整治与生态建设的具体措施和途径。 相似文献
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生态农业的发展,是经济、社会和环境保护协调发展的产物。作者提出生态农业的给排水循环系统作为现有模式的延伸和补充,让生态农业在经济、社会、环境的协调发展中发挥更大的作用,最大限度地消除农业污染,为农业可持续发展提供技术支持和可靠保证。 相似文献
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《国际环境与污染杂志》2011,15(4):406-416
This paper provides a broad overview of pollution prevention and management in China and details the specific measures that have been adopted at a national level. The paper begins by exploring some of the key environmental issues faced by China, and the history of environmental management in China. Then the current environmental legislation and standards in China are detailed, and the strategic pollution prevention measures that have been adopted are described. Next, the paper examines the environmental economic instruments and ethos that China appears to have adopted, and concludes by drawing a comparison with the development of pollution prevention in the western world and proposes a broad research agenda. 相似文献
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重要生态功能区划方法研究——以南京市为例 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
提出了对城市范围内的重要生态功能区进行分类划定的方法,包括功能区的划分类型、边界确定的原则等,并以南京市为例,对其市域范围内的重要生态功能区进行了区域划分。 相似文献
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规划环境影响评价指标体系及评价方法浅析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对规划环境影响评价的内容作出了概述性的介绍,并根据规划环境影响评价的特点,得出规划环境影响评价的指标体系应包括自然环境指标、生态环境指标、资源利用指标、能源利用指标和社会经济指标5大体系。列举了当前适用于规划环境影响评价的技术方法,并对其进行简单的对比分析。 相似文献
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产品生态设计是一种新的设计理念,其以产品环境特性为目标,以生命周期评价为工具,综合考虑产品整个生命期相关的生态环境问题,设计出对环境友好的,又能满足人的需求的新产品。设计方法和步骤包括四个阶段:产品生态辨识,产品生态诊断,产品生态定义,生态产品评价。 相似文献
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Removal processes for arsenic in constructed wetlands 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Arsenic pollution in aquatic environments is a worldwide concern due to its toxicity and chronic effects on human health. This concern has generated increasing interest in the use of different treatment technologies to remove arsenic from contaminated water. Constructed wetlands are a cost-effective natural system successfully used for removing various pollutants, and they have shown capability for removing arsenic. This paper reviews current understanding of the removal processes for arsenic, discusses implications for treatment wetlands, and identifies critical knowledge gaps and areas worthy of future research. The reactivity of arsenic means that different arsenic species may be found in wetlands, influenced by vegetation, supporting medium and microorganisms. Despite the fact that sorption, precipitation and coprecipitation are the principal processes responsible for the removal of arsenic, bacteria can mediate these processes and can play a significant role under favourable environmental conditions. The most important factors affecting the speciation of arsenic are pH, alkalinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, the presence of other chemical species - iron, sulphur, phosphate -, a source of carbon, and the wetland substrate. Studies of the microbial communities and the speciation of arsenic in the solid phase using advanced techniques could provide further insights on the removal of arsenic. Limited data and understanding of the interaction of the different processes involved in the removal of arsenic explain the rudimentary guidelines available for the design of wetlands systems. 相似文献
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Chemical control of desert locust (DL) is carried out over large areas of land, covering a range of different landscapes and ecosystems. There are no real restrictions for spraying in or close to environmentally sensitive areas and awareness of sensitivity is not always obvious to the people involved in control. However, concern about environmental issues in connection with DL control is growing and clear guidelines are needed. The objectives were: to identify and delineate areas particularly sensitive to pesticide contamination in northeastern Africa, e.g. protected areas, wetlands, populated places, oases, and areas with concentrations of migratory birds. These areas were matched with actual DL control during 1986-1998. The conclusion is that chemical control occurred in environmentally sensitive areas especially wetlands, e.g. temporary waters and mangroves; close to human settlements; and, to some extent, in or near protected areas and areas with numerous migratory birds. 相似文献
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Baubekova Almagul Akindykova Ainisa Mamirova Aigerim Dumat Camille Jurjanz Stefan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(32):43315-43328
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The environmental situation concerning pollution by (eco)toxic and persistent trace elements in Kazakhstan has been investigated by analytical reviews... 相似文献