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火电厂CO2减排技术主要包括燃烧前处理、燃烧中减排及燃烧后捕集三类。介绍了IGCC、富氧燃烧、胺吸收法、生物法等CO2捕集与封存技术,分析其存在问题及应用前景。 相似文献
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阐述了我国燃煤电厂CO2排放现状及趋势,将CO2减排技术分为捕集与封存两个部分进行讨论,介绍了目前主要的CO2捕集与封存技术及其研究进展,并分析了各种技术的特点及其在我国电力行业的应用前景。指出电厂位置、CO2捕集方案及封存方式三者之间是相互影响、相互制约的,其中CO2去向是关键因素,处于不同地理位置的电厂需根据具体情况选择相适应的CO2捕集与封存技术的组合。探讨了各种捕集与封存技术的应用前景,建议由国家相关部门或行业支持,建设国家或行业层面的工业化试验中心或试验台。 相似文献
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氨法在燃煤电厂烟气治理中的应用和发展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
燃煤排放的CO2、SO2、NOx等气态污染物会造成酸雨、温室效应、臭氧层破坏等一系列的大气环境问题。减少和抑制燃煤电厂燃烧过程中污染气体的排放,是实现清洁生产和能源可持续发展的基本需要。氨法烟气治理技术作为电厂排放烟气处理的新兴技术,以其污染物脱除效率高、耗能小、二次污染低、脱除副产品可资源化等特点,得到了越来越多的关注,并已在部分燃煤电厂得到成功的应用。对氨法脱除烟气中气态污染物技术进行了分析和总结,并对其应用前景进行了分析和预测,指出了氨法烟气治理技术在燃煤电厂烟气处理方面具有良好的经济、社会和环保效益,并具有广阔的发展前景。 相似文献
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采用炼油厂酸渣经水稀释后,添加含钠化合物进行中和反应,制备无水Na_2SO_4.最佳工艺条件为:将酸渣用水稀释20倍,按n(Na_2CO_3):n(SO_4~(2-))=1.10或n(NaOH):n(SO_4~(2-))=1.20的比例加入Na_2CO_3,溶液或NaOH溶液,油水分离去除油相后蒸发、干燥,在650℃下灼烧后溶解、过滤、蒸发、结晶,得到Na_2SO_4产品.NaCO_3法可将酸渣中约78%的SO_4~(2-)转化到产品Na_2SO_4中;NaOH法可将酸渣中约66%的SO_4~(2-)转化到产品Na_2SO_4中.制备的无水Na_2SO_4产品均达到GB/T6009-2003<工业无水硫酸钠>二类标准. 相似文献
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Thares Srisatit Suphatchaya Chonchanachai 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2011,13(1):43-49
Distillery slop is the waste from alcohol manufacture, as from breweries or distilleries, which produce highly organic pollutants.
This experiment studied bioextract that used distillery slop instead of molasses as a carbon source for the anaerobic digestion
process. In this study, raw materials consisting of water spinach (Impomoea aquatica) residual, pineapple (Ananus comosus) residual, and fresh fish residual were used in the process to obtain the bioextract. The experiment was divided into three
parts: a controlled experiment, mixed carbon sources (molasses and distillery slop), and a single carbon source (only distillery
slop). The anaerobic digestibility of the bioextract was evaluated by a batch reactor at ambient temperature for a period
of 90 days. The results of this study showed, by observing chemical oxygen demand (COD) at the initial and final processes,
that the anaerobic digestive processes have a gradually decreasing rate throughout the fermentation period. The pH of the
bioextract decreased at the beginning phase from pH 4 and increased to pH 7 in the last phase during the 90-day period. The
results of a test with bean seeds showed compost maturity of over 80% following the organic fertilizer standard requirements
of Thailand. With respect to variability, the optimal ratio generating the maximal compost maturity was 1:500 for the bioextract
using only molasses as a carbon source and 1:250 for the bioextract using only distillery slop as a carbon source. 相似文献
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碳酸盐对化学沉淀法回收废水中磷的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了溶液中CO_3~(2-)对磷酸铵镁(MAP)法和羟基磷酸钙(HAP)法磷回收率的影响,并对回收磷所得产物进行了傅立叶变换红外光谱和X射线衍射分析.实验结果表明:为使磷回收率达80%以上,MAP法回收磷时n(CO_3~(2-)):n(Mg~(2+))必须小于0.5,HAP法回收磷时n(CO_3~(2-)):n(Ca~(2+))必须小于0.2;溶液中的CO_3~(2-)浓度对MAP法回收产物没有明显影响,但HAP法回收磷产物中会出现大量碳酸钙. 相似文献
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利用序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR),以葡萄糖为碳源(COD为500 mg/L),考察了不同碳氮比(COD与TN之比)、不同电子受体(NO_2~-或NO_3~-)、不同投加方式(碳源与氮源同步投加或投加碳源60 min后再投加氮源的异步投加)对N_2O产生情况的影响,以及碳氮比为2时NO的产生情况。实验结果表明:不论同步投加还是异步投加,两种电子受体的N_2O-N生成率均随着碳氮比的增大而下降;不同碳氮比下,投加NO2-时的N_2O-N生成率均高于投加NO3-时,异步投加时的N_2O-N生成率均大于同步投加时。说明低碳氮比、高浓度NO2-和胞内贮存物作碳源是反硝化过程中N_2O产生和大量积累的关键因素。此外,NO2-为电子受体时的NO-N生成率高于NO3-为电子受体时。 相似文献
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粉煤灰制聚合氯化铝铁和白碳黑新工艺 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用粉煤灰制备聚合氯化铝铁和白碳黑.该法共分一次酸浸、碱溶、焙烧、二次酸浸4个阶段.实验确定的最佳工艺条件为:一次酸浸阶段酸溶温度100℃,碱溶阶段m(氢氧化钠):m(活化高硅渣)=0.6,二次酸浸阶段m(碳酸钠):m(灰渣A)=0.8、盐酸质量分数20%.在此条件下Fe~(3+)和Al~(3+)的总浸出率分别为96.54%和86.67%.主要产品聚合氯化铝铁的质量符合GB15892-2003<水处理剂聚氯化铝>的标准;产品白碳黑的质量符合GBl0517-89<沉淀二氧化硅>的标准. 相似文献
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Analysis of energy recovery potential using innovative technologies of waste gasification 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this paper, two alternative thermo-chemical processes for waste treatment were analysed: high temperature gasification and gasification associated to plasma process. The two processes were analysed from the thermodynamic point of view, trying to reconstruct two simplified models, using appropriate simulation tools and some support data from existing/planned plants, able to predict the energy recovery performances by process application. In order to carry out a comparative analysis, the same waste stream input was considered as input to the two models and the generated results were compared. The performances were compared with those that can be obtained from conventional combustion with energy recovery process by means of steam turbine cycle. Results are reported in terms of energy recovery performance indicators as overall energy efficiency, specific energy production per unit of mass of entering waste, primary energy source savings, specific carbon dioxide production. 相似文献
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以液晶屏抛光废液为原料制备冰晶石,首先加入碳酸钠,反应生成氟硅酸钠沉淀,去除废液中的氟硅酸根;再向滤液中加入NaOH和NaAlO2混合溶液,反应生成冰晶石。最佳工艺条件为:碳酸钠加入量为理论加入量的2.2倍,冰晶石制备反应温度为80℃,反应原料中n(HF)∶n(NaAlO2)为5.4、n(Na)∶n(Al)为3.4、NaOH和NaAlO2质量分数为20%。在最佳条件下制得的冰晶石产品中n(Na)∶n(Al)为2.84,达到GB/T4291-2007《冰晶石》中牌号CH-1的质量标准。采用该工艺可实现液晶屏抛光废液的资源化综合利用。 相似文献
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通过间歇曝气的运行方式,对高浓度氨氮低碳废水进行短程硝化-反硝化脱氮过程的研究.在生物驯化过程中考察亚硝酸盐氮的积累,并验证短程硝化即亚硝化的可行性.实验结果表明,短程硝化-反硝化过程满足高氨氮低碳废水的生物脱氮要求,亚硝化率达到98.0%以上.采用16S rRNA基因克隆文库分子生物学分析方法对系统中的硝化菌群进行分析,发现系统中主要存在将氨氧化成亚硝酸根的氨氧化菌(AOB)及亚硝酸盐还原菌. 相似文献