乌鲁木齐降水特征分析

乌鲁木齐降水特征分析李德忱ＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＯＦＵＲＵＭＱＩＰＲＥＣＩＰＩＴＡＴＩＯＮＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲ￥ＬｉＤｅｃｈｅｎｇ（ＵｒｕｍｑｉＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌ６ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈａｎｄＭｏｎｉｔｏｒｉｎｇＣｅｎｔｒｅ，Ｕｒｕｍｑｉ，８３００００）Ｃ...     

固体废弃物评价试验方法的新进展

近日获悉美国国家环保局对《ＴＥＳＴＭＥＴＨＯＤＳＦＯＲＥＶＡＬＵＡＴＩＮＧＳＯＬＩＤＷＡＮＴＥ》手册做了许多修订。新版（第三版）除了对第一和第Ｍ章以及原来的４０个方法做了修改补充外，又新增加了１８个方法。本文编译了新增的方法及有重大修改的章节，以便我国环境监测工作者了解美国在此领域的最新动态。     

离子色谱法测定空气中的甲酸和乙酸

离子色谱法分析空气中甲酸和乙酸效果较好。1　试验1 1　主要仪器与试剂ＤＩＯＮＥＸＴＥＣＨＣＯＭＰＤＸ - 1 0 0Ｔ离子色谱仪 ,配ＤＩＯＮＥＸＡＳＲＳ抑制器、ＤＩＯＮＥＳＡＳ4Ａ -ＳＣ阴离子分离柱、ＤＩＯＮＥＸＡＧ4Ａ -ＳＣ保护柱、电导检测器 ;ＴＥＬＥ色谱工作站 ;     

石河子市地下水环境背景值

采集并测定了石河子市１９个地下水背景水样，分别确定了该市潜水和承压—自流水中Ｋ＋、Ｎａ＋、Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋、Ｃｌ－、ＳＯ、ＨＣＯ、ＮＯ、Ｆ－、总硬度、矿化度、可溶性ＳｉＯ２、ＣＯＤ、ｐＨ、Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｄ、Ｍｎ、Ｖ、Ｌｉ、Ｍｏ、Ｓｅ、Ｈｇ、Ｉ、Ａｓ、Ｃｒ＋５、Ｃ６Ｈ５ＯＨ、ＣＮ－、ＡＢＳ的环境背景值．     

连续排放监测简介

连续排放监测(ＣＥＭ)是对燃烧或工业生产过程中排放至大气中的污染物的连续测量,是利用仪器监测在酸雨控制计划的规定期限内削减ＳＯ2和ＮＯＸ排放量的手段。1　ＣＥＭ的规定酸雨控制计划管理企业的所有者或管理者(经管理系统指定的除外),必须在污染排放源安装ＣＥＭ系统。ＣＥＭ系统包括ＳＯ2污染物浓度监测仪、ＮＯＸ污染物浓度监测仪、流量监测仪、黑度监测仪、稀释气体(Ｏ2或ＣＯ2)监测仪及计算机数据获取和处理系统(ＤＡＨＳ)。在任何情况下,ＤＡＨＳ都必须用于收集和记录监测数据。用ＣＥＭ系统监测ＳＯ2排放量的设备包括ＳＯ2污…     

GEMS／Air介绍（1）1993年监测报告（I）

ＧＥＭＳ／Ａｉｒ介绍（１）１９９３年监测报告（Ｉ）朱玉栋（中国环境监测总站，北京１０００１２）全球环境大气监测（简称为ＧＥＭＳ／Ａｉｒ）１９９３年在中国的工作情况如下；１．ＧＥＭＳ／Ａｉｒ监测站位情况目前在中国参加ＧＥＭＳ／Ａｉｒ工作的城市共有五个，...     

等离子发射光谱法及其在环境监测中的应用

介绍了ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ在环境监测中的应用．重点介绍了ＵＳＥＰＡ、ＡＰＨＡ－ＡＷＷＡ－ＷＰＣＥ和ＪＩＳ采用的ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ的方法。并对近几年发展起来的ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ、ＭＩＰ和ＭＩＰ－ＭＳ法进行了概述。引用１９８６年～１９９３年的主要文献共１４篇。     

钻井污水化学需氧量的研究

针对石油工业钻井污水高化学需氧量（ＣＯＤ）严重超标的状况，对钻井污水的化学需氧量进行研究。分折测定了８种钻井液添加剂（ＰＡＮ、ＰＡＭＩ、ＨＰＡＮ、柴油、磺化沥青、ＸＹ２７、ＣＭＣ、ＦＡ３６７）的ＣＯＤ；重点探讨了钻井液添加剂对钻井污水ＣＯＤ的影响，同时对钻井污水ＣＯＤ处理效果的影响进行了研究。实验结果表明，不同钻井液添加剂对钻井污水的ＣＯＤ的影响程度各不相同；钻井污水中ＣＯＤ值严重超标的主要因素是钻井液添加剂；并且钻井液添加剂浓度与其对应的ＣＯＤ之间存在良好的一元线性关系。根据一元线性回归方程可较好地预测油田现场各钻井液添加剂对ＣＯＤ的影响，为解决钻井污水处理这一难题提供科学依据。     

六氟化铀中烃,含氯烃和部分取代卤代烃的分析

使用经过仔细调整的ＭＡＴ－２８１ＵＦ６质谱计进行六氟化铀中烃、含氯烃和部分取代卤代烃的分析，给出了一种半定量的分析方法，等效于美国ＡＳＴＭＣ７６１－８３的标准方法。     

使用常规HPLC系统,应用U.S.EPA方法300.0进行离子色谱法检测无机阴离子

使用常规ＨＰＬＣ系统，应用ＵＳＥＰＡ方法３０００进行离子色谱法检测无机阴离子①ＬａｋｓｈｍｙＭ．ＮａｉｒａｎｄＲａａｉｄａｈＳａａｒｉＮｏｒｄｈａｕｓＵＳＥＰＡ公布了几个法规性方法，为污染物的分析提供了权威性的检测程序，其中之一是ＵＳ?..     

湖泊富营养化评价的Euclid贴近度评价法──兼与《湖泊营养状态的Hamming贴近度评价法》作者商榷

针对湖泊富营养状态Ｈａｍｍｉｎｇ贴近度评价模型存在的“阈值漂移”问题,重新构造了评价参数隶属函数,提出了一种湖泊营养状态Ｅｕｃｌｉｄ贴近度评价模型,经过对全国２３个湖泊富营养状态的实例分析,证明这种评价模型结构合理,评价过程简单,模型通用性好。     

THE TIGER IN THE DINING ROOM: DESIGNING AND EVALUATING INTEGRATED ASSESSMENTS OF ATMOSPHERIC CHANGE

Integrated assessments (IAs) and integrated assessment models (IAMs) arerecent responses to the inter-disciplinary challenges provided by complexglobal environmental issues such as atmospheric change. This paper discussesan array of integrated assessments, providing an overview of the role of IAsas bridges or foundations for epistemic communities. Formal as well associal, political, and ethical issues are presented. As well as a definition of anIA and an IAM, different forms and approaches of current or proposed IAsare reviewed. Particular stress is laid on the need to maintain the integrity ofthe diverse components of an IA. Finally, reference is made to the need tounderstand the underlying ethical and normative concerns that have promotedthe current interest in IA.     

中俄界河--黑龙江水环境分析与评价

采用“有机污染综合评价法”对黑龙江干流上、中游江水水质进行分析评价,分析与评价结果表明,黑龙江总体水质较好,主要污染物为高锰酸盐指数。     

论环境经济损益分析的方法

就建设项目环境影响评价中要进行的环境经济损益分析的目的、评价内容、评价方法等作系统介绍,以探讨国内在这方面的逐步规范化。     

Screening Assessment of Dissolved Zinc from Inactive Mines in a Mountain Watershed

A screening-level assessment of dissolved zinc from inactive and abandoned metal mines in the Cement Creek Basin was performed. The basin is part of the Upper Animas River Basin in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado. Stream discharge and dissolved zinc concentrations were measured at 49 stations below nonpoint sources including tailings and waste rock, point sources such as adits, and background areas. One measurement was made at a station during three flow events: storm runoff, peak snowmelt runoff, and baseflow. The highest concentrations occurred in the upper part of the basin immediately downstream from nonpoint and point source discharges, especially in the North Fork of Cement Creek. The mean concentration in Cement Creek was highest during baseflow (1350 g l-1) and lowest during snowmelt (796 g l-1). Most exceedances of national acute and chronic criteria for brown trout were chronic criteria exceedances in the upper part of the basin. Subareas with the greatest extent of nonpoint source areas in the upper part of the watershed, especially those contributing to Upper Cement Creek and the North Fork of Cement Creek, generally had the highest loadings and unit area loadings. The greatest loadings from all subareas to Cement Creek occurred during snowmelt (219 000 g day-1 and 17 400 kg for the snowmelt season). The highest unit area loadings from all subareas also occurred during snowmelt (190 g ha-1 day-1 and 15 147 g ha-1 for the snowmelt season). Loadings from subareas with extensive nonpoint source areas were always much greater than those from point sources and background areas.     

乌鲁木齐地区主要湖泊富营养化现状

根据“七五”期间全国14个城市湖泊富营养化调查拟定和筛选出的总氮、总磷、生化耗氧量、透明度和叶绿素a的含量五个评价参数,用评分法对我区三个主要湖(库)富营养化现状进行评价.柴窝堡湖和红岩水库已达富营养水平,乌拉泊水库达中营养水平.     

Selenium in the Blackfoot, Salt, and Bear River Watersheds

Nine stream sites in the Blackfoot River, Salt River, and Bear River watersheds in southeast Idaho, USA were sampled in May 2001 for water, surficial sediment, aquatic plants, aquatic invertebrates, and fish. Selenium was measured in these aquatic ecosystem components, and a hazard assessment was performed on the data. Water quality characteristics such as pH, hardness, and specific conductance were relatively uniform among the nine sites. Of the aquatic components assessed, water was the least contaminated with selenium because measured concentrations were below the national water quality criterion of 5 g/L at eight of the nine sites. In contrast, selenium was elevated in sediment, aquatic plants, aquatic invertebrates, and fish from several sites, suggesting deposition in sediments and food web cycling through plants and invertebrates. Selenium was elevated to concentrations of concern in fish at eight sites (> 4 g/g in whole body). A hazard assessment of selenium in the aquatic environment suggested a moderate hazard at upper Angus Creek (UAC) and Smoky Creek (SC), and high hazard at Little Blackfoot River (LiB), Blackfoot River gaging station (BGS), State Land Creek (SLC), upper (UGC) and lower Georgetown Creek (LGC), Deer Creek (DC), and Crow Creek (CC). The results of this study indicate that selenium concentrations from the phosphate mining area of southeast Idaho were sufficiently elevated in several ecosystem components to cause adverse effects to aquatic resources in southeastern Idaho.     

建立省级环境与健康调查及风险评估体系研究思路——以江苏省探索实践为例

以环境与健康调查及风险评估研究为出发点,江苏省于2018年设立了"江苏省环境与健康调查与风险评估体系建设"环保科研重大技术攻关类项目,根据江苏省行业、地区、流域特点以及江苏省环境与健康调查及风险评估工作基础,结合国内环境与健康研究现状,深入开展典型行业、地区、流域环境与健康调查、环境与健康问题分析、环境健康风险评价,建设环境与健康重点实验室,探索并实践环境与健康理念融入环境保护管理的研究任务,为全面开展环境与健康监测业务化运行以及环境健康风险评估进行技术实践和储备,为江苏省环境与健康管理工作提供支撑。     

物元分析法用于水环境质量的评价比较

对物元分析理论在水环境质量评价中的应用进行了探讨，叙述了方法的原理、模型及计算过程。运用物元分析法、多目标决策的优序法和密切值法对实例进行了评价比较。结果表明，物元分析法结构合理，计算简便适用，分辨率高，排序结果与实际环境质量状况较符合，方法是可行的。     

Radiocaesium Activity Concentrations in Milk in the Republic of Croatia and Dose Assessment

Results of systematic measurements of radiocaesium activities in milk after the Chernobyl nuclear accident are summarized. ¹³⁷Cs fallout activity affects milk activity, the coefficient of correlation being 0.89. The ¹³⁷Cs activities in milk in Croatia are log-normally distributed, reflecting the exponential decrease of activity. After the Chernobyl nuclear accident the ¹³⁴Cs:¹³⁷ Cs activity ratio in milk was 0.5, and did not differ from that for other environmental samples. The dose due to radiocaesium ingestion by milk consumption was estimated for the Croatian population, the annual collective equivalent dose being approximately 205 manSv in 1986 and 1.5 manSv in 1994.