湿法烟气脱硫废水系统设计优化

湿法脱硫废水处理系统由于设计不合理、设备故障率高等原因，导致湿法脱硫废水处理系统无法正常运行，甚至停运状态。通过优化脱硫废水系统设计，降低废水水源含固量和污泥循环回收等方式，提高系统灵活性、可靠性的同时，大幅降低了系统运行维护成本。     

絮凝—旋流分离工艺处理磷酸铵生产废水

磷酸生产废水经絮凝－旋流分离工艺处理后，再回用于生产过程，实现了磷酸生产废水的闭路循环，不仅回收了废水中的磷酸，还了大量工业用水。     

复合式含油污水、废水处理方法

该专利公开了一种复合式含油污水、废水处理方法。其步骤为：（1）收集碱炼洗涤车间排放的废水；（2）用供料泵将（1）收集的废水打入无机膜超滤设备内，回收过滤分离的乳化油；（3）将无机膜超滤设备过滤后的废水与其他车间排放的废水混合；（4）混合后的废水先进入污水水质调节池，通过冷却塔降温后进入气浮池，回收乳化油，该过程可去除55％的COD和BOD5；     

絮凝－旋流分离工艺处理磷酸铵生产废水

磷酸生产废水经絮凝－旋流分离工艺处理后，再回用于生产过程，实现了磷酸生产废水的闭路循环，不仅回收了废水中的磷酸，还节约了大量工业用水。     

马头电厂废水处理系统介绍

介绍了河北马头电厂废水处理工艺系统流程、设计及系统调试运行指标。处理后的电厂废水作为循环冷却水的补水,减少了新鲜水用量和污水排放量，对北方地区厂区废水回收利用具有借鉴意义，在火电厂废水资源利用方面有很好的应用前景。     

纳滤膜分离和浓缩染料的研究进展

评述了纳滤膜应用于染料分离、浓缩的理论模型，立体阻碍-细孔模型、间电荷模型、固定电荷模型、静电阻碍模型。介绍了纳滤膜在染料废水处理和染料精制浓缩中的应用研究成果。研究表明，纳滤膜用于染料废水处理和染料精制浓缩可取得理想的分离率和浓缩率。     

几个水污染统计指标的探讨

本文就用水和排水的有关统计指标如循环用水和重复用水，循环用水率和重复用水率，废水率和外排废水处理率等进行了探讨，并提出了新水补充率，废水排放率等几个建议增补的统计指标，同时对各指标间的内在平衡关系进行了简要说明。     

环氧丙烷高盐皂化废水处理技术述评

基于氯醇法生产环氧丙烷所产皂化废水的高盐、高污染特性，从传统的预处理结合生化处理、多工艺组合处理、循环回用与资源化等方面总结了环氧丙烷高盐皂化废水处理技术的现状和发展趋势。指出，推动环氧丙烷生产工艺的清洁化发展，改进皂化废水的处理工艺并加强进水水质的管控，以及研发和应用废水回用和废盐资源化技术，是实现环氧丙烷高盐皂化废水处理行业可持续发展的关键。     

一种除油脂去高沸物的装置

该发明公开了一种除油脂去高沸物的装置。该装置在塔体下半部分内设螺旋线形固定折流板，塔体上半部分内设与其形状相似的可旋转分油叶，分油叶与折流板间有一叶轮，叶轮与分油叶同轴连接。该装置可利用流速比重分离原理，快速将油脂、高沸物类物质分离，且具有结构简单合理、工作性能稳定、延长清洗周期、环保经济实用、确保下步废水处理工艺顺利进行等优点，为实现糠醛工业无废水排放作出贡献。     

典型电脱盐废水预处理技术及其应用

针对原油电脱盐废水处理形势日益严峻的问题,介绍了电脱盐废水预处理技术的研究及应用进展,分析了电脱盐废水预处理技术的原理、特点及应用效果,总结了影响电脱盐废水特点的主要因素,指出改进原油开采技术、提高电脱盐装置的运行和管理水平可从源头上改善电脱盐废水水质,进一步开发和应用先进技术对控制电脱盐废水污染具有积极意义。     

Evaluation of a recycling process for printed circuit board by physical separation and heat treatment

Printed circuit boards (PCBs) from discarded personal computer (PC) and hard disk drive were crushed by explosion in water or mechanical comminution in order to disintegrate the attached parts. More parts were stripped from PCB of PC, composed of epoxy resin; than from PCB of household appliance, composed of phenol resin.In an attempt to raise the copper grade of PCB by removing other components, a carbonization treatment was investigated. The crushed PCB without surface-mounted parts was carbonized under a nitrogen atmosphere at 873–1073 K. After screening, the char was classified by size into oversized pieces, undersized pieces and powder. The copper foil and glass fiber pieces were liberated and collected in undersized fraction. The copper foil was liberated easily from glass fiber by stamping treatment.As one of the mounted parts, the multi-layered ceramic capacitors (MLCCs), which contain nickel, were carbonized at 873 K. The magnetic separation is carried out at a lower magnetic field strength of 0.1 T and then at 0.8 T. In the +0.5 mm size fraction the nickel grade in magnetic product was increased from 0.16% to 6.7% and the nickel recovery is 74%.The other useful mounted parts are tantalum capacitors. The tantalum capacitors were collected from mounted parts. The tantalum-sintered bodies were separated from molded resins by heat treatment at 723–773 K in air atmosphere and screening of 0.5 mm. Silica was removed and 70% of tantalum grade was obtained after more than 823 K heating and separation.Next, the evaluation of Cu recycling in PCB is estimated. Energy consumption of new process increased and the treatment cost becomes 3 times higher comparing the conventional process, while the environmental burden of new process decreased comparing conventional process.The nickel recovery process in fine ground particles increased energy and energy cost comparing those of the conventional process. However, the environmental burden decreased than the conventional one.The process for recovering tantalum used more heat for the treatment and therefore the energy consumption increased by 50%, when comparing with conventional process. However, the market price for tantalum is very large; the profit for tantalum recovery is added. Also the environmental burden decreased by the recycling of tantalum recovery. Therefore, the tantalum recovery is very important step in the PCB recycling. If there is no tantalum, the consumed energy and treatment cost increase in the new process, though the environmental burden decreases.     

电渗析法处理低浓度乙酸废液的研究

用电渗析法处理配制的乙酸质量分类为２．５％左右的乙酸水溶液，浓缩液乙酸质量分数达到２０％，稀相出水乙酸质量分数至０．０２％；对影响处理过程的因素进行了探讨。     

Recovery of metals from waste printed circuit boards by supercritical water pre-treatment combined with acid leaching process

Waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) contain a large number of metals such as Cu, Sn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, and Mn. In this work, an efficient and environmentally friendly process for metals recovery from waste PCBs by supercritical water (SCW) pre-treatment combined with acid leaching was developed. In the proposed process, waste PCBs were pre-treated by SCW, then the separated solid phase product with concentrated metals was subjected to an acid leaching process for metals recovery. The effect of SCW pre-treatment on the recovery of different metals from waste PCBs was investigated. Two methods of SCW pre-treatment were studied: supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) and supercritical water depolymerization (SCWD). Experimental results indicated that SCWO and SCWD pre-treatment had significant effect on the recovery of different metals. SCWO pre-treatment was highly efficient for enhancing the recovery of Cu and Pb, and the recovery efficiency increased significantly with increasing pre-treatment temperature. The recovery efficiency of Cu and Pb for SCWO pre-treatment at 420 °C was 99.8% and 80%, respectively, whereas most of the Sn and Cr were immobilized in the residue. The recovery of all studied metals was enhanced by SCWD pre-treatment and increased along with pre-treatment temperature. Up to 90% of Sn, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Mn could be recovered for SCWD pre-treatment at 440 °C.     

锰矿浸渣中水溶性锰的回收

采用水洗—生石灰沉淀法回收锰矿浸渣中的水溶性锰，考察了液固比、水洗时间对锰矿浸渣中水溶性锰洗出率（洗出液与锰矿浸渣中水溶性锰的质量比）的影响，并探讨了n（生石灰）∶n（水溶性锰）、聚丙烯酰胺絮凝剂加入量、反应温度和反应时间对洗出液中水溶性锰回收率（沉淀与洗出液中锰的质量比）的影响。实验结果表明：水洗工段，在去离子水体积（mL）与锰矿浸渣质量（g）比为5∶1、水洗时间5 min的条件下，水溶性锰洗出率达到92%;生石灰沉淀工段，n（生石灰）∶n（水溶性锰）对水溶性锰回收率的影响最大，其次为反应温度、絮凝剂加入量和反应时间，在n（生石灰）∶n（水溶性锰）=1.8、絮凝剂加入量0.2 mg/L、常温、反应时间10 min的条件下，水溶性锰回收率达90%以上;锰矿浸渣中水溶性锰的总回收率达83%以上。     

电镀污泥中铜和镍的回收

采用硫酸酸浸#x02014;铜镍分离#x02014;净化除杂#x02014;沉淀制取硫酸镍的工艺从电镀污泥中回收铜和镍，分别采用硫化钠沉淀法和铁粉置换法研究电镀污泥酸浸液中铜和镍的分离效果。实验结果表明，硫化钠沉淀法对铜和镍的分离效果较好，其最优工艺条件为：硫化钠加入量为理论需求量的1.2倍，硫化钠沉淀温度60℃，硫化钠沉淀时间30min。利用本回收工艺制得的硫酸镍产品中镍的质量分数为18%，镍的回收率达80%以上，铜的回收率达90%以上。     

含碳氨水回收集成分离技术的研究与应用

在研究NH3－CO2－H2O三元体系基础上,将解吸、精馏和防结晶技术相结合,开发出集成分离技术,并成功地将其用于原有含碳氨水回收装置的改造,取得了十分显著的经济与环保效益。     

含聚油泥处理工艺参数优化及交互作用分析

采用自制的油泥分离剂通过热化学分离法处理聚驱油田现场产生的含聚油泥。采用正交实验得到的最佳工艺参数为:剂泥比2.0 m L/g,反应温度80℃,反应时间30 min,搅拌转速500 r/min,在此工艺条件下原油回收率为92.08%。利用支持向量机运算法(SVM)建立模型,分析了各工艺参数之间的交互作用,得出优化后的含聚油泥处理工艺参数为:剂泥比2.5 m L/g,反应温度80℃,反应时间34 min,搅拌转速530 r/min,理论上的最高原油回收率为94.76%。对于模型优选出的工艺参数进行了5组验证实验,平均原油回收率达94.50%。采用优选工艺参数处理3种不同来源的含聚油泥,原油回收率均高于90%。     

煤化工企业高盐废水的“零排放”技术

采用“混凝沉淀-微滤-组合反渗透”工艺对某煤化工企业的高盐废水进行浓缩处理,浓水通过蒸发结晶进行脱水,产水采用常规反渗透进行水回收。运行结果表明,经30 d运行,水回收率保持在85%以上,脱盐率稳定在95%以上,常规反渗透产水水质稳定,产水电导率、浊度、Cl^-质量浓度和COD的平均值分别为12.5 μs/cm,0.1 NTU,7.8 mg/L,1.8 mg/L,满足《炼化企业节水减排考核指标与回用水质控制指标》（Q/SH0104-2007）中污水回用于循环冷却水的水质指标和设计产水水质要求,实现了废水的近“零排放”。     

水中VOCs的渗透蒸发分离技术研究进展

介绍了水中VOCs的各种分离方法,重点分析了渗透蒸发分离技术的技术优势;提出了渗透蒸发膜的选择标准;归纳了渗透蒸发过程的传质机理与模型;探讨了原料液浓度、温度、流量,渗透侧压力、添加剂、膜组件型式等因素对渗透蒸发效率的影响;简要预测了渗透蒸发过程的发展趋势与动态。