牛粪发酵沼液DOM与Fe (III)离子络合机制研究

采用荧光光谱、红外光谱、平行因子（PARAFAC）分析及二维相关光谱（2D-COS）分析来解释Fe （III）与牛粪发酵DOM的络合异质性及机制.结果表明,PAFAFAC能够识别6个荧光组分,包括类蛋白（C2）、类富里酸（C1）、类腐殖酸（C4、C5）、类蛋白与类富里酸和类腐殖酸结合的荧光组分（C3、C6）.2D-SYS-COS分析仅能识别类蛋白和类富里酸荧光物质,DOM中类蛋白荧光为主要的荧光组分.2D-COS分析表明,在334nm处的类富里酸荧光组分优先与Fe （III）离子发生络合作用,络合次序为334nm→306nm.DOM中能够优先与Fe （III）发生络合作用的为仲铵盐-NH₂基团,各官能团组分与Fe （III）发生络合作用次序为2265→2771→1528→1310→1805→1479cm^-1.双对数模型计算结果表明牛粪发酵沼液DOM能够与Fe （III）形成高化学稳定性的络合物,其络合常数在4.34~7.03之间,研究结果能够为沼液施用土壤金属离子的形态分布和迁移转化提供理论指导.     

河流底泥DOM、营养盐与重金属空间分异特征及响应关系

为探究河流底泥中的溶解性有机物(DOM)和营养盐对重金属迁移转化的影响,以沈阳市新穆河、南小河和老背河为研究对象,利用三维荧光光谱,结合平行因子(PARAFAC)、主成分分析(PCA)和结构方程模型(SEM)研究了底泥中的DOM、营养盐与重金属的空间分异特征及DOM与营养盐对重金属的响应关系.结果表明,3条河流底泥中的总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)呈重度污染状态.南小河底泥中的ω(Zn)、ω(As)、ω(Cu)、ω(Ni)和ω(Cd)分别是辽宁省土壤背景值的2.48、 1.02、 3.45、 3.00和39.05倍,老背河的ω(Zn)、ω(Cu)和ω(Cd)分别是背景值的2.56、 1.92和8.00倍,新穆河的ω(Zn)和ω(Cu)分别是背景值的1.40和1.10倍,总体上3条河流均存在重金属累积现象,累积严重程度为：南小河>老背河>新穆河,其中南小河和老背河Cd污染严重.应用PARAFAC共解析出5类DOM组分,分别为类色氨酸、酚类络合物、微生物代谢产物、类富里酸和类胡敏酸,其中类富里酸和类胡敏酸丰度较高;基于PCA分析,新穆河底泥污染的主控因子为TN、 TP、类富里酸和类...     

交通密度对道路雨水径流溶解性有机物污染特性的影响

为了解交通密度对道路雨水径流中溶解性有机物(DOM)特性的影响,采用超滤、荧光激发-发射矩阵光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱及红外光谱等技术对不同交通密度的道路雨水径流进行表征.结果表明,道路雨水径流中胶体态有机碳(1 k Da)含量高于真溶解态有机碳(1 k Da)含量;道路雨水径流溶解性有机物中类色氨酸蛋白物质含量最多,其次是类富里酸物质和类络氨酸蛋白物质,类腐殖酸物质和微生物代谢物含量较少;主要含有—OH、—COOH、苯环等官能团.道路交通密度并未改变道路雨水径流DOM的种类及官能团组成,但交通密度越大其径流有机污染越严重、胶体态有机碳含量越高、大分子类色氨酸蛋白物质含量越多、芳香性越强.     

长期不同水分调控对污染场地土壤溶解性有机质含量及其结构特征的影响

为了考察不同水分调控下污染场地中土壤有机质和溶解性有机质（DOM）的演变过程,以2种冶炼厂重金属污染土壤为研究对象,通过恒温恒湿培养实验观察不同水分调控下土壤有机质和DOM的含量变化,并采用紫外-可见光谱和荧光光谱分析了土壤DOM的光谱特征.结果表明,水分调控180 d后,2种重金属污染土壤中有机质和DOM含量呈不同程度降低趋势,且随着水分含量增加,其降幅明显增加,最大降幅分别为33.28%和89.35%.水分调控过程中,土壤DOM中类蛋白物质最易发生降解,导致类富里酸和类腐殖酸的占比相应提高;随着水分含量增加,土壤DOM的芳香性提高,腐殖化程度升高,分子聚合度和分子量增大,最终导致DOM稳定性增强,上述结果有助于揭示水分诱导过程中DOM的变化对污染场地中重金属环境行为的影响.     

MIEX中试实验对二级出水中有机物去除的3DEEM解析

利用三维荧光光谱研究了磁性离子交换树脂（magnetic ion exchange resin,MIEX）对污水厂二级出水中有机物的去除特征.结果表明,磁性树脂处理二级出水过程中,两级反应过程和进水流量对DOC和UV254有较显著的去除效果,去除率分别达到25.5%～53.5%和27.6%～52.2%,其中50 L.h-1流量条件下,出水中DOC和UV254浓度分别为3.29 mg.L-1和0.057cm-1.水中芳香族蛋白质或酚类物质和类腐殖酸物质荧光强度较高,磁性树脂使二级出水中色氨酸类芳香族蛋白质、芳香族蛋白质、腐殖酸类荧光强度分别下降38.2%、85.8%和85.7%,腐殖酸和富里酸峰消失,并露出溶解性微生物代谢产物荧光峰.不同进水流量条件下,色氨酸类芳香族蛋白质荧光强度下降率和芳香族蛋白质或酚类物质荧光强度下降率与进水流量的负相关性最好,50～100 L.h-1流量条件对各类荧光物质的去除率影响最大.磁性树脂与二级出水中色氨酸类芳香族蛋白质和芳香族蛋白质或酚类物质有更好的线性置换关系（R2=0.834 8）,磁性树脂对二级出水中芳香族蛋白质或酚类物质的置换作用则最显著（a=850.2）.     

Characteristics of dissolved organic matter （DOM） in leachate with different landfill ages

The main objective of the study was to investigate the characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in leachate with different landfill ages through the chemical, spectroscopic, and elemental analysis. Humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA), and hydrophilic (HyI) fractions were isolated and purified by the XAD-8 resin combined with the cation exchange resin method. The analytical results of fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMs) revealed that the fluorescence peaks were protein-like fluorescence for young landfill leachate, while the fluorescence peaks for medium and old landfill leachate were humic-like and fulvic-like fluorescence, respectively. Elemental analysis showed that carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen content decreased with landfill age, while the oxygen content increased. Moreover, the nitrogen content in these isolated fractions followed HA ＞ HyI ＞ FA. The results of elemental analysis, FT-IR, and fluorescence EEMs also confirmed that aromatic carbons and portions of aliphatic functional groups were more abundant in leachate samples with increasing landfill age.     

Occurrence, polarity and bioavailability of dissolved organic matter in the Huangpu River, China

Dissolved organic matter （DOM） plays an important role in biogeochemical cycles in aquatic ecosystem. To investigate the characteristics of DOM in Huangpu River {the last tributary of the Yangtze River）, surface water samples were collected along the river from December 2011 to June, 2013. The concentrations of dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, the absorbance and fluorescence spectrum of DOM in water samples were measured. Fluorescent DOM in the Huangpu River was decomposed into four components by the parallel factor analysis （PARAFAC）, including one humic-like substance and three protein-like substances. It showed that high spatial variability of DOC concentration was observed in the upstream water compared to the downstream water, and so did the absorbance coefficients of chromophoric dissolved organic matter and the total fluorescence intensities of different PARAFAC components of DOM. Furthermore, there was a large difference between the polarity and bioavailability of DOM in the Huangpu River. Polar compounds dominated tyrosine-like component of fluorescent DOM in all seasons. Tryptophan-like and humic-like substances had more polar fraction in summer and autumn than those in winter, while aromatic protein-like materials had the highest polar fraction in winter. Almost all of fluorescent DOM components were refractory in spring, while less than 20% of fluorescent DOM in average were biodegradable within 4 weeks in other seasons. We concluded that the spatial variation in the abundance of DOM in the Huangpu River is mainly affected by the water discharges from the Hangjiahu Plain and the seasonal difference in polarity and bioavailability of DOM is largely determined by its origins.     

辽河流域与英国中部河湖水体中溶解有机质的荧光特性

运用三维荧光光谱技术对辽河流域和英国中部水体中溶解有机质(DOM)的荧光光谱特性进行了分析.结果表明,辽河流域各研究水体中DOM包含4种荧光组分,即类色氨酸、类酪氨酸、可见光区和紫外光区类腐殖质,通过对荧光特性定量指标的分析可知,辽河流域各研究断面水体中类腐殖质物质内源作用大于陆源,DOM具有较强的新近自生源,各河流水体中DOM腐殖化程度顺序为:浑河中游海城河中游蒲河下游太子河下游.相比之下,英国河湖中,除了River Tame含有以上4种荧光组分外,其它水体中均没有发现类酪氨酸荧光物质,甚至在River Tern中仅含有类腐殖质荧光物质,河湖中DOM含有较少的新近自生源组分,以陆源影响为主.另外,辽河流域水体中类蛋白与类腐殖质荧光峰强度比值大于英国各河流水体的平均值.由此可以推断,辽河流域各研究断面大量污染物的输入,是造成其严重内源污染的主要原因,从而使水体中DOM含量增加,英国各河流断面其DOM主要来自于水体本身存在的大量微生物和浮游植物的代谢活动以及土壤有机质经雨水的冲刷流入水体的贡献.     

Tracking the reactivity of ozonation towards effluent organic matters from WWTP using two-dimensional correlation spectra

The characteristics of effluent organic matter (EfOM) from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) during ozonation were investigated using excitation and emission matrix (EEM) spectra, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) at different ozone dosages. The selectivity of ozonation towards different constituents and functional groups was analysed using two-dimensional correlation spectra (2D-COS) probed by FT-IR, synchronous fluorescence spectra and HPSEC. The results indicated that ozonation can destroy aromatic structures of EfOM and change its molecular weight distribution (MWD). According to 2D-COS analysis, microbial humic-like substances were preferentially removed, and then the protein-like fractions. Terrestrial humic-like components exhibited inactivity towards ozonation compared with the above two fractions. Protein-like substances with small molecular weight were preferentially reacted during ozonation based on 2D-COS probed by HPSEC. In addition, the selectivity of ozone towards different functional groups of EfOM exhibited the following sequence: phenolic and alcoholic CO groups?>?aromatic structures containing CC double bonds?>?aliphatic CH. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) further elucidated the preferential reaction of aromatic structures in EfOM during ozonation.     

河北省夏季降雨溶解性有机物光谱特征的空间分布、来源解析及氮素响应

溶解性有机物（DOM）是大气环境有机物的重要组成部分,为了探究大气环境中DOM的演变特征,结合紫外-可见吸收光谱和三维荧光光谱对河北省夏季降雨雨水DOM的组分和光谱特征进行解析和研究.结果表明,该时期雨水DOM的分子量存在显著差异,北部地区要显著低于中部和南部地区（P<0.05）;平行因子法解析出2种类腐殖质组分（C1和C4）,1种类蛋白组分（C2）和1种富里酸组分（C3）,组分C2与组分C3和C4呈现显著正相关（P<0.001）,可能具有相似的来源;平行因子法中类蛋白组分（C2）占主体、其均值达到40.59%,与此同时各组分的荧光强度和相对丰度空间差异不显著（P>0.05）、城乡间差异显著（P<0.05）;荧光区域积分得到的各组分呈现出空间差异不显著（P>0.05）,城乡差异显著的特征（P<0.05）;荧光区域积分得到的DOM类蛋白物质占主体（61.59%~89.01%）,与平行因子法的结果相一致.与此同时,冗余分析（RDA）显示雨水中总氮、硝氮和氨氮是影响雨水DOM组成分布的主要水质参数;三维荧光光谱指数分布呈现出显著的城乡差异,高FI和BIX值以及低HIX显示夏季雨水呈现强自生源、低腐殖化的特征,并且乡村相比于城市自生源特征更强;基于雨水DOM组分的回归分析显示,城市地区的雨水水质参数预测精确度更高.综上可知,河北地区夏季雨水DOM空间差异不显著、城乡差异显著,整体呈现出较强自生源特征,还可以在一定程度上基于雨水DOM组分为雨水氮素预测提供技术支撑.     

污水处理厂污泥水溶解性有机物的光谱特性分析

污泥水是污水处理厂污泥浓缩、稳定、脱水等环节产生的废水,具有污染物浓度高、成分复杂的特点.采用三维荧光光谱和红外光谱研究了污泥水中溶解性有机物(DOM)的光谱特性.污泥水荧光性DOM(FDOM)可利用平行因子分析划分为6个荧光组分,分别为类蛋白质组分C1(275/355 nm)、C4(235/350 nm)和C6(275/305 nm),及类腐殖酸组分C2(250,340/440nm)、C3(320/380 nm)和C5(250/465 nm).重力浓缩和机械浓缩污泥水中COD与所有类腐殖酸组分均正显著相关(P0.01),类蛋白质组分对其影响不大.离心脱水污泥水中组分C1、C4和C5含量明显上升.深度脱水污泥水中FDOM荧光峰位置和强度与其它污泥水存在显著差异,C3和C6分别较离心脱水污泥水升高15.63和7.30倍.与浓缩污泥水相比,离心脱水污泥水中多糖和腐殖酸吸收峰增强,而深度脱水污泥水中蛋白质大量释放,金属离子会与腐殖酸和蛋白质络合引起DOM结构变化.     

黑龙江流域典型断面水体DOM荧光特性分析

为研究黑龙江流域水环境腐殖质的组成、时空分布特征及来源特征,通过野外调查、静态浸泡试验和动态淋溶试验,利用三维荧光激发-发射矩阵结合平行因子分析（EEM-PARAFAC）及荧光定量指标,分析水体DOM（dissolved organic matter,溶解性有机物）的荧光特性和来源特征.结果表明:①ρ（COD_Mn）在平水期和丰水期出现了畸高现象,平水期和丰水期水体DOM的相对含量高于冰封期.水体DOM识别出4种荧光组分[长波段类腐殖酸（C1）、短波段类腐殖酸（C2）、类富里酸（C3）和类色氨酸（C4）],其中类腐殖质总贡献率在50%以上,属于类腐殖质主导型.平水期、丰水期和冰封期水体DOM的FI（荧光指数）值分别为1.48~1.61、1.51~1.63和1.52~1.79,BIX（生物源指数）值分别为0.56~0.75、0.55~0.73和0.61~0.92,HIX（腐殖化指数）值分别为5.84~13.42、5.70~15.78和2.84~12.05,表明水体DOM是陆源和自生源贡献相结合,具有自生源特征和强腐殖质特征.②通过静态浸泡试验模拟土壤溶解,识别出5种荧光组分,除C1~C4外,还识别出类酪氨酸（C5）;通过动态淋溶试验模拟降雨过程,识别出4种荧光组分（C1~C4）.土壤DOM的荧光特性与水体DOM相似,表明水体DOM与土壤DOM具有相似的来源.③3个水期各荧光组分的荧光强度均与ρ（DOC）呈线性相关.其中,C1、C2和C3的荧光强度与ρ（DOC）均呈显著线性相关,平水期、丰水期、冰封期C1的相关系数分别为0.776 2、0.852 4和0.956 8,C2的相关系数分别为0.478 3、0.265 9和0.878 4,C3的相关系数分别为0.658 2、0.802 5和0.954 5;但C4的相关系数差别较大,分别为-0.064 4、0.021 9和0.847 4,说明类腐殖质荧光组分是DOC的主要来源.研究显示,黑龙江流域水体DOM以类腐殖质为主,水体DOM具有强腐殖质特征,源头水的背景值较高.      

腐蚀电池-Fenton处理渗滤液溶解性有机物光谱特征

为了研究垃圾渗滤液中溶解性有机物（DOM）在腐蚀电池-Fenton（CCF）深度处理过程中的去除特性,采用XAD-8和XAD-4树脂将DOM分成5种组分（亲水性有机物HPI、疏水性有机酸HPO-A、过渡亲水性有机酸TPI-A、疏水性中性有机物HPO-N、过渡亲水性中性有机物TPI-N）,并用紫外和荧光光谱对各组分的降解...     

Degradation of dissolved organic matter in effluent of municipal wastewater plant by a combined tidal and subsurface flow constructed wetland

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important constituent of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent. A novel combined tidal and subsurface flow constructed wetland (TF-SSF-CW) of 90 L was constructed for a ten-month trial of advanced treatment of the WWTP effluent. Excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy, parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis and a two end-member mixing model were employed to characterize the composition and removal process of the effluent DOM (EfOM) from the WWTP. The results showed that the TF-SSF-CW performed an efficient EfOM removal with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal rate of 88% and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) removal rate of 91%. Further analysis demonstrated that the EfOM consisted mainly of two protein moieties and two humic-like groups; protein moieties (76%) constituted the main content of EfOM in raw water and humic-like groups (57%) became the dominating contributor after treatment. The EfOM from the WWTP was mainly of aquatic bacterial origin and evolved to a higher proportion of terrigenous origin with higher humification in the TF-SSF-CW effluent. A common controlling treatment-related factor for determining the concentrations of the same kind of substances (protein groups or humic-like groups) was revealed to exist, and the ratio of removal rates between the same substances in treatment was calculated. Our study demonstrates that the TF-SSF-CW can be a novel and effective treatment method for the EfOM from WWTPs, and is helpful for understanding of the character of EfOM in wetland treatment.     

南漪湖上覆水溶解性有机质的光谱特征

为考察南漪湖上覆水中溶解性有机质(DOM)的光谱特征与来源,采用紫外-可见光吸收光谱(UV-Vis)与三维荧光光谱(EEMs)为工具,并结合平行因子分析(PARAFAC)、荧光区域积分分析(FRI)、相关性分析、主成分分析与聚类分析对DOM进行定性与定量分析.结果显示,UV-Vis参数a(440)、E₂/E₃、E₃/E₄、S_R表明DOM具有腐殖化特征与自生源特征,且E₂/E₃、E₃/E₄与a(440)呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01,P<0.05),S_R与a(440)无显著相关关系(P>0.05),说明腐殖酸浓度越高则DOM相对分子量越大,但无法依据腐殖酸浓度大小判断DOM来源.根据a(440)计算获得溶解性有机碳(DOC)平均浓度为26.79mg/L,且该湖泊出口附近DOC浓度为10.15mg/L.荧光指数(β:α、FI、BIX、HIX、Fn (280)、Fn (355))显示该湖泊DOM具有腐殖化程度较低及强自生源特征,类蛋白组分(Fn (280))相对浓度的空间分布上由西向东逐渐增大,而腐殖酸类组分(Fn (355))相对浓度峰值出现在入湖口与出湖口.通过PARAFAC解析出3种组分,分别为类富里酸(C1)、类色氨酸(C2)和类腐殖酸(C3),且C1、C2、C3含量分别占总组分强度21.96%、13.36%、84.21%.FRI法分析显示类蛋白物质所占比例之和(区域I+II)为49.65%,该结果说明水体已受到了人为因素影响.通过相关性分析结果显示,C1、C3与β:α、BIX呈显著负相关系(P<0.001),C2与β:α、BIX、Fn (355)呈正相关系(P<0.001).通过主成分分析与聚类分析,南漪湖上覆水中DOM在16个位点间呈现不同特征,但整体上水体中DOM来源受内源输入影响较为显著,应加强该湖泊内源释放污染物控制与管理.     

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectral characterization of soil dissolved organic matters in the fluctuating water-level zone of Kai County, Three Gorges Reservoir

Three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was used to investigate the fluorescent properties of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the water-level-fluctuation zone (WLFZ) of Kai County, Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). Most of the soil DOM analyzed in this study was found to contain four fluorescence peaks. Peaks A and C represent humic-like fluorescence, whereas peaks B and D represent tryptophan-like fluorescence. Peaks E and F, which represent tyrosine-like fluorescence, only appeared in certain soils. Soil humus was the main source of DOM in soil, and higher concentration of soil DOM was found in the exposed soil than submerged soil. Compared to the peaks A and B, the fluorescence intensities of peaks C and D were strongly influenced by the fluctuating water level. Analysis of fluorescence intensities of different peaks in soil DOM showed that WLFZ soil was not contaminated significantly. Soil DOM contained at least two types of humic-like fluorescence groups and two types of protein-like fluorescence groups. The proportion of the content of peak A in soil organic matter was quite stable. The soil DOM in exposed soil had relatively high humification and aromaticity, and periodic submerging and exposure of soil had an impact on the humification of soil DOM.     

滇池流域入湖河流溶解性有机质的分布及来源

基于三维荧光光谱和平行因子分析方法,探究了2018年滇池流域主要入湖河流丰水期和枯水期水体溶解性有机质（DOM）组成,并结合主成分分析和多元线性回归分析对河流中DOM各荧光组分的相对贡献进行了定量分析.结果表明：入滇河流水体DOM包含5种荧光组分,分别为类腐殖质荧光组分C1、C3、C5和类蛋白色氨酸荧光组分C2、C4,且5种荧光组分之间具有同源性,污染严重河流水体DOM的荧光强度相对较高;荧光指数、自生源指数、腐殖化指数综合表明,入滇河流水体DOM的内源特性较强,自生源特征明显,生物可利用性较高,腐质化程度低,分子结构不稳定.主成分分析和多元线性回归分析结果显示：枯水期DOM的荧光组分中类腐殖物质的平均贡献率占30.1%,类蛋白色氨酸物质的平均贡献率占69.9%;丰水期DOM组分中类腐殖物质的平均贡献率占54.3%,类蛋白色氨酸物质的平均贡献率占45.7%.     

小球藻来源溶解有机质的光化学降解特性

利用三维荧光光谱-平行因子分析(EEM-PARAFAC)手段结合吸收光谱分析,研究了小球藻指数期和稳定期培养液中溶解有机物(DOM)在秋季天然太阳辐射作用下的光降解动力学特征.结果表明,小球藻生长过程中除能产生短波激发类腐殖质组分C1(其荧光峰的激发/发射波长位置为240,335 nm /406 nm)及类蛋白质组分C3(225,275 nm/334 nm)外,还会形成长波激发类腐殖质组分C2(260,395 nm /502 nm),表明C2组分并非仅有传统认为的陆源属性,同时也具有自生源属性.稳定期培养液的吸收光谱在250~300 nm范围内出现的肩峰,可用于指示水环境中现场自生源的贡献.不同生长时期培养液中DOM的吸收系数和荧光组分的降解动力学都符合一级反应方程.稳定期类腐殖质荧光组分(C1和C2)的光降解程度略高于指数期,但指数期类色氨酸组分(C3)的光降解程度略高于稳定期.经太阳辐照6 d后,小球藻培养液的吸收系数a₃₅₀及各荧光组分的平均损失率分别达到83.0%、84.0%、64.8%和80.0%,对应的半衰期只有1.6~5.0 d,揭示出藻类自生来源的DOM具有很强的光化学降解活性.     

污水厂二级出水溶解性有机物臭氧化特性研究

采用液相色谱荧光检测器将三维荧光图谱与凝胶色谱分子量分布相结合,对污水处理厂二级出水溶解性有机物(EfOM)的臭氧化反应特性进行了研究.结果表明臭氧会使得二级出水溶解性有机物三维荧光强度明显降低.HPLC-SEC的结果表明臭氧不会改变腐殖质类物质的分子量分布,但臭氧会与小分子蛋白类物质发生反应.根据制备液相的分析结果,小分子蛋白类物质中含有大量苯环及其他共轭结果物质,因此臭氧会优先与小分子蛋白类物质发生反应.同时,XPS分析结果表明臭氧在低投加量下就会与苯环结构反应,提高脂肪类饱和有机物含量,随着投加量进一步升高,含氧官能团(羰基,羧基)数量有所升高.     

基于2D-COS分析的难凝聚有机物臭氧化特性研究

基于二维相关光谱分析,对污水厂二级出水难凝聚有机物的臭氧化特性进行了研究.结果表明,混凝很难去除污水厂二级出水中的溶解性有机物,污水厂二级出水溶解性有机物大部分属于难凝聚有机物,以腐殖酸类物质为主.臭氧氧化可以降低二级出水混凝后上清液的色度及UV₂₅₄,去除率分别可达到70%和40%以上,但是对难凝聚有机物的去除率较低,去除率在10%以下,只是与难凝聚有机物进行了反应,改变其性质.同时,臭氧可以降低二级出水中难凝聚有机物的荧光强度,其中腐殖酸类物质的荧光强度降低较为明显.基于不同臭氧投加量下难凝聚有机物的同步荧光分析,可以得到二级出水难凝聚有机物的二维相关光谱,结果表明,腐殖酸类物质对臭氧氧化最为敏感,腐殖酸类物质与富里酸类物质相比会优先和臭氧反应.