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为解决废旧印刷电路板资源化中的粗碎问题,利用Ansys APDL模块和CATIA V5三维设计模块,运用以点代线的方法对电路板受力进行了数值模拟;并根据废旧印刷电路板破碎实验,对数值模拟结果进行验证;同时利用实验测得的数据对辊齿进行数值模拟与分析,验证辊齿在破碎过程中的可靠性。结果显示,铜和复合材料在一点的应力均大于其许用应力,判断其发生了断裂;废旧印刷电路板基板在两齿辊差速运行工况下破碎效果最好,证明以点代线方法可靠;辊齿根部的应力小于其许用应力,可靠性良好。为废旧印刷电路板的粗碎方法研究提供参考。其他差速工况(如9~18 r/min)对破碎效果的影响以及齿辊直径对产量的影响仍有待研究。 相似文献
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应用FLUENT对四喷嘴射流曝气器在不同工况下的引射空气性能进行三维数值模拟,分析了射流器内的场分布特性与气液两相流动结构;同时建立射流器性能实验台,对四喷嘴射流曝气器的性能进行实验研究。研究表明,四喷嘴射流器性能较高,能量损失较少,两相流动结构稳定;相对于单喷嘴射流器,四喷嘴射流器的流量比和效率随压力比的变化显著;四喷嘴射流曝气器在工况4下工作性能最好,其流量比q为3.20,效率η为36%,而相似工况下单喷嘴结构流量比q仅为1左右,效率η不超过20%;数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好。 相似文献
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新型人工浮岛流场数值模拟与结构优化分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
近期提出的新型人工浮岛是通过两种不同透水能力基质材料的填充在系统内部形成2个不同水流与溶解氧浓度区域,两区域的过流能力及两者之间水流交换量对系统脱氮除磷效果具有较大的影响。为实现这一新型人工浮岛基质结构设计参数的优化,进一步提高净化能力,应用数值模拟方法对不同结构条件下流场进行了模拟。模拟结果发现,影响两区域水流交换量及其过流能力的主要因素包括:基质材料的填充形状、填充深度及透水能力,其中“钟乳状”形态较“层状”填充形态人工浮岛具有更好的两区域间水流交换能力及过流能力,理论上具有更好的净化效果。根据模拟结果确定的设计参数构建小试试验系统进行对比试验研究,试验结果与数值模拟结论吻合。可见,采用数值模拟方法对人工浮岛内部水流状态进行模拟分析,能够为人工浮岛结构优化设计提供依据。 相似文献
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为研究O_2/CO_2烟气循环煅烧水泥技术实现CO_2和NOx减排的可行性,采用数值模拟的方法对某2 500 t·d~(-1)回转窑和分解炉模型进行了21%O_2/79%CO_2助燃氛围下煤粉燃烧的研究,对比分析了O_2/CO_2助燃工况下与空气助燃工况下回转窑、分解炉的模拟结果,并通过实验验证了数值模拟的可靠性。结果表明:与空气助燃工况下相比,O_2/CO_2助燃工况下回转窑、分解炉的煤粉燃尽率分别为92.41%、91.15%,下降了3.06%、3.51%;分解炉出口处生料分解率为90.54%,下降了2.90%,仍满足生产需求;O_2/CO_2助燃工况下回转窑、分解炉的NO排放量明显下降,脱硝率分别为74.47%、11.80%;烟气中CO_2体积分数从32.23%增加到95.35%,通过简单的处理就可以实现C捕获。上述研究结果为O_2/CO_2烟气循环煅烧水泥技术的推广应用提供了参考。 相似文献
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数值模拟已成为目前地下水有机污染现场中,预测和评价溶解相有机污染物运移的主要手段.自从MT3D问世以来,它在地下水溶质运移的模拟中得到了广泛的应用.MT3D中包含有4种不同的数值算法--MOC,MMOC,HMOC和UFDM.利用Processing MODFLOW Pro.7.0.5建立了均质一维流动的地下水数学模型,考虑溶解相有机污染物在地下水中运移时的4个主要影响因素--对流、弥散、吸附和降解,设定了14种代表性的情形,模拟了等浓度污染源条件下污染物的运移,并将不同数值算法的计算结果与理论解进行比较,从而研究不同数值算法的优缺点,为实际数值模拟时算法的选择提供依据. 相似文献
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城市污水排江工程模型试验的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对城市污水排江问题进行了模拟试验,通过对水力模型不同试验工况中改变喷嘴个数、射流速度、射流角度和上升管间距条件下的试验结果分析,结合武汉市污水排江工程问题,确定了黄浦路、平湖门尾水排放中的近区多喷口形式的最佳工程参数,实践证明效果良好。 相似文献
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A full-scale, closed-loop bioreactor (Orbal oxidation ditch, Envirex brand technologies, Siemens, Waukesha, Wisconsin), previously examined for simultaneous biological nutrient removal (SBNR), was further evaluated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A CFD model was developed first by imparting the known momentum (calculated by tank fluid velocity and mass flowrate) to the fluid at the aeration disc region. Oxygen source (aeration) and sink (consumption) terms were introduced, and statistical analysis was applied to the CFD simulation results. The CFD model was validated with field data obtained from a test tank and a full-scale tank. The results indicated that CFD could predict the mixing pattern in closed-loop bioreactors. This enables visualization of the flow pattern, both with regard to flow velocity and dissolved-oxygen-distribution profiles. The velocity and oxygen-distribution gradients suggested that the flow patterns produced by directional aeration in closed-loop bioreactors created a heterogeneous environment that can result in dissolved oxygen variations throughout the bioreactor. Distinct anaerobic zones on a macroenvironment scale were not observed, but it is clear that, when flow passed around curves, a secondary spiral flow was generated. This second current, along with the main recirculation flow, could create alternating anaerobic and aerobic conditions vertically and horizontally, which would allow SBNR to occur. Reliable SBNR performance in Orbal oxidation ditches may be a result, at least in part, of such a spatially varying environment. 相似文献
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利用数值模拟的方法,引入欧拉双流体多相流模型及标准k-s紊流模型,模拟计算内循环厌氧反应器的三相流三维流场,并通过改变污泥颗粒密度及进水流量,针对固相流速及固含率的变化情况,分析条件的改变对流场的影响。研究结果表明,应用数值模拟方法可以获得内循环厌氧反应器内的流场特征;污泥颗粒密度及进水流量的改变对于反应器内污泥颗粒的流速及分布的均匀性有较为明显的影响。模拟结果对反应器的应用及优化设计具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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Alternately operated wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are fundamentally different compared to conventional activated sludge WWTPs with respect to flow patterns and aeration in the biological reactors. Several model applications exist for conventional WWTPs, e.g. SimpleTreat, and in this study the effect of substituting a complex discontinuous operation, involving alternating degradation and flow conditions between two reactors, with one single bioreactor with continuos flow (SimpleTreat) has been investigated by setting up two models representing the respective operation schemes. The discontinuous operation induces fluctuations in the outlet concentrations that are not modelled with the single bioreactor model, however, the fluctuations and the associated uncertainties were found to be insignificant compared to the influence of the input parameter uncertainties on the model results. An empirical relationship between an aggregate pseudo-1st order degradation rate for the single bioreactor model and realistic aerobic and anoxic 1st order degradation rates, respectively, has been established. When using this aggregate degradation rate in the single bioreactor model an outlet concentration can be calculated that deviates no more than 2% from the mean outlet concentration from the alternating operation model. For substances with aerobic half-lives longer than approximately 2 h, which is valid for many chemical substances, the aggregate 1st order degradation rate can be set equal to the aerobic 1st order degradation rate. 相似文献
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Comparison of sludge characteristics and PCR-DGGE based microbial diversity of nanofiltration and microfiltration membrane bioreactors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The objective of this study was to compare the sludge characteristics and microbial community diversity between the submerged nanofiltration membrane bioreactor (NF MBR) and microfiltration membrane bioreactor (MF MBR) treating the same municipal wastewater. The influence of a higher concentration of organic matter and salt was investigated. The results of water qualities showed that the dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total phosphorus (T-P) and salt concentrations of the supernatant in the NF MBR were three, four and two times as high as those in the MF MBR, respectively. The specific oxygen uptake rate of the NF MBR (2.9+/-0.4 mg O(2)g(-1)MLSSh(-1)) was lower than that of the MF MBR (4.3+/-1.1 mg O(2)g(-1)MLSS h(-1)). Result of extractable extracellular polymeric substances showed that the NF MBR sludge had more protein and less polysaccharide compared to the MF MBR sludge, whereas specific amount of total organic carbon were the same in both MBRs. The median floc diameters of the NF MBR and the MF MBR were 72+/-12 microm and 59+/-12 microm, respectively, which could be attributable to the different polysaccharide concentrations between both MBR mixed liquor. A higher concentration of materials (DOC, T-P and salt) in the bioreactor, determined by the high rejection rate of the NF membrane, did not significantly affect the microbial diversity under similar operation conditions. 相似文献
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应用CFD软件Fluent对浸没式膜生物反应器(submerged membrane bioreactor,SMBR)内气液两相流进行数值模拟研究,重点考查曝气系统的改变对气液两相流态的影响,并结合PIV实验验证模拟结果,从而为反应器的优化设计及膜污染的控制提供理论依据。模拟结果表明,SMBR内曝气强化了气液两相紊动,膜表面液相速度沿反应器高度增加且形成循环流动,有利于膜面污染物的脱落;反应器内气含率分布不均匀,出现死区,不利于微生物的生长;经实验验证,模拟结果吻合良好。 相似文献
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Hydrogen sulphide is one of the commonest odours emitted by chemical plants. To remove the hydrogen sulphide biologically, a three phase fluidised bed bioreactor was used in which Thiobacillus sp.IW was immobilised on activated carbon. The optimum operating conditions of the bioreactor were 30 degrees C, pH7, aspect ratio (L/D) = 1 and at these conditions, the system removed over 94% of the hydrogen sulphide in the concentration range of 100-200 ppm and flow rate of 1.0-2.0 litre min(-1). From the upset and recovery test, the system proved stable within the moderate inlet concentration changes investigated. 相似文献
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Roh SA Jung DS Kim SD Guy C 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2005,55(9):1269-1276
Combustion of spent vacuum residue hydrodesulfurization catalyst and incineration of paper sludge were carried out in thermo-gravimetric analyzer and an internally circulating fluidized-bed (ICFB) reactor. From the thermo-gravimetric analyzer-differential thermo-gravimetric curves, the pre-exponential factors and activation energies are determined at the divided temperature regions, and the thermo-gravimetric analysis patterns can be predicted by the kinetic equations. The effects of bed temperature, gas velocity in the draft tube and annulus, solid circulation rate, and waste feed rate on combustion efficiency of the wastes have been determined in an ICFB from the experiments and the model studies. The ICFB combustor exhibits uniform temperature distribution along the bed height with high combustion efficiency (>90%). The combustion efficiency increases with increasing reaction temperature, gas velocity in the annulus region, and solid circulation rate and decreases with increasing waste feed rate and gas velocity in the draft tube. The simulated data from the kinetic equation and the hydrodynamic models predict the experimental data reasonably well. 相似文献