巨化循环经济产业链构建的探索与实践

阐述了化工企业实施循环经济的必要性和重要性,总结了巨化集团公司对循环经济产业链构建的探索和实践,重点介绍了循环经济产业链构建中关键技术的开发与应用情况.     

先进制造业生态产业链的构建研究

生态产业链的形成和稳定是生态工业园可以顺利运行的核心和关键问题.根据生态产业链构架中的循环经济理论,以合肥市高新技术产业开发区先进制造业为例,分别从企业层面和产业层面对先进制造业生态产业链进行了初步设计;并尝试用灰色关联评价模型对先进制造业的可持续发展水平进行综合评价.结果表明,先进制造业生态产业链的构建提高了生态工业...     

典型电解锌冶炼废渣重金属形态及环境效应研究

电解锌冶炼废渣收集、转移、贮存与利用处置过程的环境管理是困扰铅锌冶炼行业的瓶颈问题之一.对典型电解锌冶炼各工艺段废渣及原矿中的重金属组成与赋存形态进行了研究,并在此基础上研究了废渣的环境效应和生物有效性.结果表明,典型电解锌冶炼原矿中存在高含量的Zn、Pb等重金属元素,各工艺段废渣中Zn、Pb、Cd和M n等元素含量较...     

湖南某铅锌锰冶炼区总悬浮颗粒物重金属来源及健康风险评价

通过监测湖南某典型铅锌锰冶炼区大气总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)和铅锌冶炼企业外排废气中Cd、Cr、As、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cu和Mn的浓度水平,应用富集因子、相关性及主成分分析研究了铅锌冶炼企业外排废气中重金属含量与大气TSP中重金属含量的关系,采用美国环境保护署(USEPA)的人体暴露风险评价模型进行了健康风险评价。结果表明:废气中重金属平均浓度表现为ZnCrMnCuNiPbCdAs。其中,致癌物质Cd、Cr、As、Ni的平均质量浓度分别为4.87、27.06、0.09、12.54μg/m~3,非致癌物质Pb、Cu、Zn、Mn的平均质量浓度分别为5.87、17.98、10 426.87、23.52μg/m~3。大气TSP中重金属平均浓度表现为ZnCuPbMnNiCrAsCd。其中,致癌物质Cd、Cr、As、Ni的平均质量浓度分别为1.07、1.63、1.59、2.00μg/m~3,非致癌物质Pb、Cu、Zn、Mn的平均质量浓度分别为36.30、65.54、189.79、35.03μg/m~3。Zn、Pb、Cu、Ni、Mn可能为同一来源,主要来源于铅锌冶炼企业的外排废气,Cr主要来源于电解锰企业的废渣堆放,Cd主要来源于煤燃烧。大气TSP中致癌物质Cd、Cr、As与Ni的致癌风险基本都高于10-4,说明Cd、Cr、As与Ni存在较大的致癌风险;非致癌物质Pb与Mn的非致癌风险高于1,存在较大的非致癌风险,尤其是Mn。     

中国农业循环经济立法的不足、成因与完善对策

发展"资源-产品-废弃物-再生资源"反馈式循环的农业循环经济是变革传统的生产方式、生活方式,解决现代农业困境,实现整个社会大循环的必然选择.概述了中国农业循环经济立法的不足和成因,并提出了以循环经济为理念"绿化"现行农业法律、法规,制定专门的农业循环经济法律、法规以及修改<环境保护法>等对策.     

铅冶炼污染防治技术评价指标体系的构建

从铅冶炼工艺入手,根据铅冶炼整个过程中的重污染环节,对铅冶炼污染防治技术评价指标体系的构建进行了探讨.首先根据铅冶炼过程中的重污染环节,采用生命周期法(LCA)确定了从备料至铅锭产出的全过程的评价范围,在此基础上进行了污染物质流分析.再结合污染物质流分析结果,提出了铅冶炼污染防控的关键工序,包括冶炼工序、“三废”治理工序.最后,以《有色金属产业调整和振兴规划》、《铅锌行业准入条件》、《清洁生产标准》、《铅、锌工业污染物排放标准》等为依据,在遵循针对性、客观性等原则下,构建了目标层、子目标层、指标层三层结构的铅冶炼污染防治技术评价指标体系,目标层为铅冶炼污染防治技术水平,子目标层包括环境管理、冶炼工艺与装备、烟气制酸程度、“三废”处理情况、余热利用情况、周边环境整治情况等六大污染防控因子,指标层包含24项具体指标,并给出了每个指标的明确涵义或计算方法.     

试论循环经济理念在环境影响评价中的运用

阐述了循环经济的内涵、特点，分析了循环经济理念导人环境影响评价中应注意的几个环节，探讨了区域生态产业链、物质流分析法、循环经济指标等在区域规划环境影响评价中的应用，并提出了相关的建议及措施。     

宝应县有机农业循环产业链模式的研究

循环型农业是一种新的农业经济发展模式,宝应县是全国唯一的国家有机食品基地示范县。文中介绍了循环型农业的内涵和特征,概述了宝应县有机农业循环经济的现状,通过对已实施的三种有机农业循环产业链模式的研究,结果表明,宝应县有机农业循环产业链模式能使农业废弃物资源化,并能有效地控制宝应县的农业面源污染,实现经济与环境持续发展。     

南方某铅锌锰冶炼区周边大气降尘重金属污染水平及风险评价

于2016年8月至2017年1月分别对南方某铅锌锰冶炼区周边(污染区)及大新村(对照区)进行大气降尘干法采集,测定了大气降尘中Cd、Zn、Pb、Mn、Cu、As、Ni、Cr含量,采用富集因子法、潜在生态风险指数法和健康风险评价对大气降尘重金属污染进行源解析与风险评价。结果表明,污染区大气降尘中Cd、Cr、Mn、Ni、Pb、As、Zn、Cu均值分别为166.6、104.5、6 109.0、80.9、635.9、53.6、8 838.5、180.3mg/kg,分别为背景值的691.3、2.1、11.6、2.4、24.5、2.9、106.6、6.9倍。富集因子法分析得出,污染区大气降尘中Cd、Zn和Pb主要来源于铅锌冶炼以及电解锰企业;Mn、Cu、As和Ni在大气降尘中富集程度次之,既受自然源,也受人为源影响。生态风险评价表明,污染区大气降尘中Cd为极强生态危害,Pb、Zn属于强生态危害,Cu、As、Ni、Cr均为轻微生态危害,综合潜在生态风险达到很强生态危害等级。健康风险评价表明,污染区大气降尘中重金属主要健康风险来源于非致癌风险,致癌风险可忽略。大气降尘中Pb、As、Cd经手-口摄入途径对儿童存在非致癌风险,应采取措施降低污染区大气降尘中Pb、As、Cd含量,控制手-口摄入途径对儿童的非致癌风险。     

造纸工业循环经济模式评价指标体系研究

在研究现有国内外可持续发展和循环经济评价指标体系的基础上,结合中国造纸工业的特点和资源环境状况,建立了造纸工业循环经济模式评价指标体系,并运用层次分析法,确定了各评价指标的权重,对评价指标体系进行评估.解决了定量评价造纸工业循环经济模式优劣的难题.该体系分为经济发展指标、循环经济特征指标、生态环境效益指标和系统管理指标4个子系统,共22项具体评价指标.     

生态全息论对发展循环经济的启示

作者根据生态全息的理论，提出了推行工业生态系统和循环经济的具体步骤。发展循环经济是一个大的系统工程，涉及到经济、环境、社会的各个层面，涉及到国民经济的各个行业和企业，必须进行系统的研究和战略部署，理念不能作为目标，没有政府的支持和企业的积极参与是不行的。     

工业循环经济发展区域分异研究--以江苏省为例

依据工业循环经济发展的基本原则,构建了包括产业及社会发展、资源减量、循环利用、污染减排、资源与环境安全五类指标在内的区域工业循环经济发展评价指标体系.运用AHP(层次分析法)方法,测算了指标权重,并以江苏省13个地级市为例进行了研究.用2003年的数据,对13个地级市的工业循环经济发展状况进行了评价.研究结果表明,江苏省13个地级市的工业循环经济发展水平可以分为四个层次,第一层次(水平良好)的城市为无锡、苏州、常州;第二层次(水平中上)的城市为盐城、南通、泰州;第三层次(水平中等)的城市为扬州、镇江、徐州、南京、连云港;第四层次(水平较差)的城市为淮安、宿迁.从总体上看,南部好于北部,东部好于西部,沿江沿海地区要好于内陆地区,靠近工业产业带的地区好于远离工业产业带的地区.     

Eco-industrial zones in the context of sustainability development of urban areas

Industry is one of the main activities in the city and in many cities of the world, and the dominant industrial zones are the most significant morphological forms of concentration of industrial facilities in the city and are concentrated industrial and business activity. Industrial parks combine activities related to energy and resource consumption, emissions, waste generation, economic benefits, and regional development. The focus of this work is the path of transformation between the present and the vision of a sustainable city in the future. The problem and the subject of research related to two related objects of research: the city and sustainable development. In this paper, the co-author’s industrial symbiosis parks, modern tendencies of the spatial distribution of productive activities, circular economy, to attract leading corporations and open the way for new ventures while preserving the living environment in an urban area.

     

Plastic waste as a valuable resource: strategy to remove heavy metals from wastewater in bench scale application

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Single-use plastic waste is gradually considered a potential material for circular economy. Ion exchange resin obtained from polystyrene waste by...     

The Application of Chemical Leasing Business Models in Mexico

- DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2006.02.294 Background, Aim and Scope. To better address the requirements of the changing multilateral order, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Cleaner Production Programme, in 2004, developed the new Sustainable Industrial Resource Management (SIRM) approach. This approach is in accordance with the principles decided at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992. Unlike the traditional approaches to environmental management, the SIRM concept captures the idea of achieving sustainable industrial development through the implementation of circular material and energy flows in the entire production chain and reduction of the amount of material and energy used with greater efficiency solutions. The SIRM approach seeks to develop new models to encourage a shift from selling products to supplying services, modifying, in this manner, the supplier/user relationship and resulting in a win-win situation for the economy and the environment. Chemical Leasing represents such a new service-oriented business model and is currently being promoted by UNIDO′s Cleaner Production Programme. Main Features. One of the potential approaches to address the problems related to ineffective use and over-consumption of chemicals is the development and implementation of Chemical Leasing business models. These provide concrete solutions to the effective management of chemicals and on the ways negative releases to the environment can be reduced. The Chemical Leasing approach is a strategy that addresses the obligations of the changing international chemicals policy by focusing on a more service-oriented strategy. Mexico is one of the countries that were selected for the implementation of UNIDO's demonstration project to promote Chemical Leasing models in the country. The target sector of this project is the chemical industry, which is expected to shift their traditional business concept towards a more service and value-added approach. This is being achieved through the development of company specific business models that implement the above-indicated Chemical Leasing concept with the support from the Mexican National Cleaner Production Centre (NCPC). Results and Conclusions. The implementation of Chemical Leasing in Mexico has proven to be an efficient instrument in enhancing sustainable chemical management and significantly reducing emissions in Mexico. Several companies from the chemical industrial sector implement or agreed to implement chemical leasing business models. Based on the positive findings of the project, several Mexican companies started to negotiate contents of possible Chemical Leasing contracts with suitable business partners. The project further aimed at disseminating information on Chemical Leasing. It successfully attracted globally operating companies in the chemicals sector to explore possibilities to implement Chemical Leasing business models in Mexico. At the international level, the results of the UNIDO project were presented on 20TH September 2005 during a side event of the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM) Preparation Conference in Vienna. Recommendations and Outlook. To facilitate the promotion and application of Chemical Leasing project at international level, UNIDO is currently developing a number of tools to standardize Chemical Leasing projects. These include, among others, Chemical leasing contract models; Chemical Leasing data base to find partners for chemical leasing; and guidelines to implement Chemical Leasing projects and work programmes.     

江苏省循环经济政策体系建设的研究

随着江苏省循环经济工作的不断推进,构建一套适合省情的循环经济政策体系已经显得越来越重要.因此,通过对发达国家循环经济政策体系的分析,结合江苏省循环经济的开展现状,构想了一套循环经济的政策体系,并对潜在的政策风险进行了初步分析.     

兰坪铅锌尾矿区土壤与自然发生的5种植物的研究

对兰坪铅锌尾矿区的土壤和自然发生植物的调查分析发现:该尾矿区土壤污染以Cd最为严重,是云南土壤背景值的350倍,其次是以Pb、Zn为主.尾矿区重金属含量随堆积时间而减少,尾矿边缘重金属含量明显低于中心.尾矿区自然发生多种植物类群,绝大多数植物类群零星发生,仅有5种植物为优势类群.5种优势植物对铅锌富集和耐性研究表明,这...     

开发区实施循环经济的环境管理探讨--以苏州高新区为例

以苏州高新区为例，指出了主要环境问题，分析了实施循环经济的环境管理现状及不足，并重点提出了实施循环经济的环境管理对策，为开发区按循环经济的规律运行作了有益的探索，也为循环经济的顺利开展提供了科学依据。     

连云港市发展循环经济的探讨

从连云港市循环经济建设的现状、存在的问题入手，提出了该市发展循环经济的思路以及保障措施。