Seasonal evaluation and spatial variability of suspended particulate matter in the vicinity of a large coal-fired power station in India—A case study

Coal combustion in the power sector gives rise to the emission of primary and secondary particulate pollutants. Since the emission of pollutants depends on coal quality and combustion technology, and given that transport, transformation and deposition of contaminants depend on regional climatic conditions, specific studies for the power stations is needed to evaluate their environmental impacts. Monitoring of ambient respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM) and suspended particulate matter (SPM) levels around a large coal-fired power station in India was carried out. The specific objectives were the determination of spatial and seasonal variability in RSPM and SPM levels, and their relationship with meteorological parameters such as wind velocity and relative humidity. The results have shown a marked seasonal trend and spatial variability in RSPM and SPM levels in the study area. Higher concentrations of ambient RSPM and SPM were found in downwind monitoring stations compared to upwind direction. Ratios of RSPM to SPM and correlation coefficient values between RSPM and SPM along with meteorological parameters were also worked out. Relative humidity and wind velocity have shown an inverse relation with particulate deposition pattern.     

核电站温排水卫星遥感监测应用研究

选取我国 HJ－1 B卫星红外相机为遥感数据源,在介绍了温排水卫星遥感监测的技术流程和基本原理之后,重点论述了海表温度反演的算法和基准温度提取的基本原则。以2013年1月17日大亚湾核电站和2013年5月22日田湾核电站2景 HJ－1 B红外相机数据为应用实例,说明了卫星遥感监测可作为开展核电站温排水影响监测与热污染评价的首选技术方向和主要监测手段,阐述了其在核电站温排水影响后评估中的作用和意义。     

Gamma dose measurement in dwellings of Agastheeswaram Taluk of Kanyakumari district, lying 30 km Radius from Kudankulam nuclear power plant site

Most of the building materials contain naturally occurring radioactive elements, the most important of which are potassium ⁴⁰K and the members of two natural radioactive series, which can be represented by the isotopes of thorium ²³²Th and Uranium ²³⁸U. The presence of these radioisotopes in the materials causes external exposure to the people who live in the building. In addition, the disintegration of Uranium ²³⁸U increases the concentration of radon gas ²²²Rn and of its daughters in the house. So a systematic indoor gamma dose measurement has been performed in the dwellings of Agastheeswaram Taluk of Kanyakumari district, which is lying within the 30 km radius from the upcoming Kudankulam nuclear power plant site. The geometric mean of annual absorbed dose from gamma radiation in dwellings has been found to be 278 nGyh⁻¹. The seasonal variation of indoor gamma dose measurements has also been studied. Significant differences have been observed in dwellings built of different materials such as concrete, tiled, etc.     

核电厂放射性流出物监测工作探讨

简述了放射性流出物监测的重要性,分析了我国核电厂放射性流出物监测中存在问题,探讨了借鉴国际原子能机构安全及相关标准开展我国核电厂放射性流出物监测的管理机制、监测方案、监测报告和质量保证等具体要求与方法,并提出提升技术基础能力、完善法规标准、加强监管力度的建议.     

美国核电厂辐射环境监测与信息公开及其借鉴

综述了美国核电厂辐射环境监测管理体系和环境信息公开制度及法制化管理模式,对比分析了我国辐射环境监测与信息发布实际开展情况及存在问题,提出需借鉴美国核管理委员会(NRC,以下简称NRC)的管理经验,进一步完善我国辐射环境监测标准体系,建立辐射环境监测数据公开制度,加强公众参与制度建设,明确核电厂辐射环境监测管理边界等建议。     

基于ＷＲＦ与田湾核电站外围监控系统的区域风场模拟对比分析

WR F模式是新一代中尺度预报模式和同化系统,通过 WR F 模式构建田湾核电站区域气象预报系统,可为江苏省建设先进的核应急决策支持系统提供坚实的理论基础和技术支持。介绍了田湾核电站区域 WR F 模式风场预报系统的构建和对比试验情况,通过数值模拟风场与实测结果的对比检验,WR F模式精细化的三维风场预测具有非常高的准确性。     

法国核电规划对江苏发展核电的几点启示

通过调研法国的核电规划、核电厂址的布局和核安全监督管理等工作,比较了法国和江苏在电力需求、区域特点、核电厂址分布等特点,在总结法国核电的发展历程对于江苏核电的规划发展值得借鉴的经验基础上,提出了江苏在建设滨海核电站的基础上新建滨河等内陆核电站需要注意的问题和对策.     

基于燃煤电厂超低排放的汞分布特性研究

为掌握超低排放改造后烟气处理装置对汞分布的影响,选择6台有代表性的超低排放火电机组进行现场测试。通过对火电机组入炉煤、炉渣、飞灰、脱硫石膏、末端烟气等样品的测试,得出不同燃烧产物中汞的分布:底渣和湿除出水的汞含量极微;电除尘底灰中的汞所占比重相对较大,平均汞含量占燃烧产物中总汞的比例可达57.97%。依据质量平衡原理,计算出不同超低排放改造工艺路线对汞的协同脱除效率为87.26%~95.60%,并分析了不同污染控制设备对汞排放的影响。     

核电厂应急监测能力评估指标体系构建

基于核电厂应急监测的任务、内容、区域、范围等因素,结合我国相关法规、标准要求,建立了核电厂应急监测能力评估指标体系。该体系以监测组织机构和人员的协调性、监测设施和设备的有效性、监测程序和方法的可行性、监测数据质量和应用的可靠性为一级指标,下设10个二级指标和35个三级指标。采用层次分析法对一、二级指标权重作评估,采用比例分配法对三级指标赋值,得到核电厂应急监测能力的总体评价。     

非正规垃圾填埋场整治工程环境监测方案

分析了非正规垃圾填埋场整治施工中废气、废水、固体废物、噪声等4个环境因子的产生环节和可能引发的环境影响,总结了环境整治过程的环境监测方案,明确了监测布点方式和数量、指标和频次、执行的排放标准等要求,提出了建立宣传联络机制、实时了解舆情动态、借助媒体力量、开展科普宣传等建议。     

胜利电厂一期工程环境影响回顾评价——污染源和污染治理措施回顾评价

本文论述了胜利电厂污染源和污染治理措施回顾评价的方法和内容。回顾评价采用现场调查,与一期环评报告进行对比分析的方法进行,重点放在污染源、污染治理措施的调查分析上。