对建设"绿色浙江"的认识与思考

浙江省第十一次党代会为全面推进我省社会主义现代化建设进一步指明了方向。党代会报告明确提出了创建“绿色浙江”,这是我省在新的历史阶段 ,围绕人的全面发展 ,促进人与自然的和谐、物质文明和精神文明的协调 ,走生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路内在要求的集中体现。1　对建设“绿色浙江”目的性的认识建设“绿色浙江”的目的是以“以人为本”、“天人合一”理念和可持续发展思想为指导 ,遵循生态规律和自然规律 ,积极建设和保护“天蓝、水清、山绿”的自然生态环境 ,为营造良好的人居生存环境和投资发展环境奠定基础 ,同时 ,…     

"Fuel Cleaning" and Materials Separation at Waste-to-Energy Plants

Separation of materials from municipal waste streams is not recycling. Successful recycling is demand-pulled rather than supply-driven; it depends on local markets that reuse separated materials. For this reason EPA's Office of Solid Waste has opposed national mandates for materials separation which do not address associated markets. But a recent Air Act decision could reverse that stance, potentially mandating high levels of materials separation for every new waste-to-energy (WTE) facility.

The decision holds that Best Available Control Technology (BACT) requires PSD permit applicants to consider separating "feasible" levels, of each "readily-ascertainable" waste component that contributes to air emissions when incinerated, despite their installation of advanced emissions controls or the lack of any evidence that emission concentrations would be further reduced by such "fuel cleaning." Because total emissions of any facility may always be reduced by requiring it to consume less fuel—or burn gas rather than oil, or use conservation rather than combust at all—the decision could radicalize New Source Review, transforming preconstruction permits from a process meant to assure specific emissions controls to one in which air agencies deny the existence of emitting sources. The decision could also delay preconstruction permits; force downsizing of disposal facilities EPA concedes to be necessary; accelerate landfill closures; inject air permit writers into solid waste management determinations; and make local waste infrastructure more difficult to finance. It demonstrates the slippery slopes created by attempts to convert single-medium statutes into multi-media programs under the banner of "pollution prevention."     

发展循环经济 推行“绿色打印”

伴随着打印机使用的日益普及，与之相配套的耗材——墨盒、硒鼓等正以每年30％的速度递增。而这些不可降解的耗材，被当作垃圾丢弃，既造成资源浪费，又日益威胁着人们的生存环境。用持续发展的观点审视之，当务之急是要树立科学的发展观，发展循环经济，推行“绿色打印”，减少环境污染。     

基于“一证式”管理的排污许可证制度创新

从污染源全要素、全过程、全方位管理的角度出发,创新提出了"一证式"管理的排污许可证制度,探讨了其内涵和功能定位,并从许可内容、制度整合、流程再造、监督管理等方面提出了"一证式"管理的排污许可证制度构建重点。     

基于“美丽海湾”建设的“三线一单”编制实践--以儋州市环新英湾地区为例

编制“三线一单”(生态保护红线、环境质量底线、资源利用上线和生态环境准入清单)是深入打好污染防治攻坚战的基础。以儋州市为研究对象,衔接“美丽海湾”建设需求,从“三水”(水环境、水生态、水资源)协同角度提出解决儋州市重点海湾环新英湾地区突出生态环境问题的生态分区管控方案,重点讨论了基于陆海统筹原则的环新英湾地区“三线一单”编制重点和特色,提出了针对性的生态环境保护的对策建议,探索了一套符合沿海地区特色的生态环境要素分区管控方案编制方法,为其他沿海城市“三线一单”划定提供借鉴。     

长三角地区"绿水青山"与"金山银山"的耦合协调水平测度及其影响因素

从"绿水青山"和"金山银山"两个方面构建耦合协调评价指标体系,采用主客观相结合的方法测算绿水青山指数和金山银山指数,对长三角15个核心城市2008—2017年"绿水青山"和"金山银山"的耦合协调度进行评价;在此基础上,采用固定效应面板模型对各影响因素进行回归分析。结果表明:2008—2017年间,长三角地区绿水青山指数呈现波动上升趋势,金山银山指数逐年上升;耦合协调度由初级协调阶段逐步提升为中级协调阶段,"绿水青山"和"金山银山"的协调发展程度逐步向好。影响因素分析发现,耦合协调度与经济发展呈现正U型关系;外商直接投资对耦合协调度呈现负向影响;技术进步能够提升耦合协调度;人力资本对耦合协调度的正向影响具有显著滞后效应,人力资本的积累有利于促进"绿水青山"和"金山银山"长期耦合协调发展。     

清除“白色污染”使用可降解餐饮具

介绍了用废谷壳、秸秆等天然纤维生产一次性餐具的过程，并将生产的餐饮具经好氧堆肥和厌氧填埋试验，均具有良好的生物降解性。     

浙江省环境支撑经济社会发展现状及"十二五"时期趋势预测

通过对浙江省近10年来环境的数据进行分析,得出浙江省环境支撑经济社会发展的现状及总体趋势.在此基础上,采用公式法和模型法对"十二五"时期浙江省COD、二氧化硫和固体废物等3种主要环境污染物的排放量进行了预测;最后,给出"十二五"时期进一步加强环境对浙江省经济社会发展支撑力的对策和建议.     

中国《产品包装法》现状及其立法构想

随着中国社会经济的迅猛发展,包装带来的环境污染、资源浪费等问题日益受到广泛关注.从循环经济的科学理念和可持续发展战略指导思想出发,分析了国内外关于包装法规的研究动态,论述了制定<产品包装法>的基本原则,并就立法、执法和配套措施等问题提出了相应的建议.     

"磁种-高梯度磁分离"污水除磷技术的研究

通过添加磁种和混凝剂,用高梯度磁分离方法去除污水中正磷酸盐污染物,并对工艺参数进行了探讨.     

糎T] "7.16"大连新港石油管道爆炸事故中的热红外溢油监测

利用有效的监测手段、降低溢油事故的风险是海洋环境保护和社会经济节约的关键问题。"7.16"事故中使用3.0～5.0μm红外热像仪作为机载监测的一种手段,对事故海域进行常规监测,识别海面油膜,利用热红外油膜厚度模式分析油膜的相对厚度,并且结合其他遥感数据,在GIS系统中绘制每日的事故海域溢油分布图,为清污指挥部门提供决策依据。     

"Ni-struvite" - a new biomineral formed by a nickel resistant Streptomyces acidiscabies

Biomineralization dependent on bacterial activity has been described for struvite which is formed in soils, guano, putrescent matter and sediments. A new biomineral containing nickel instead of magnesium, Ni(NH4)(PO4) . 6H2O, has been identified. It was formed by nickel resistant Streptomyces acidiscabies E13, and putatively named nickel struvite. The mineral formation is dependent on biological activity since non-viable bacterial cells are not capable to induce formation of Ni-struvite under identical conditions. Formation of Ni-struvite was observed on colony surfaces upon prolonged incubation of solid minimal or complex media containing elevated concentrations of 8-15mM NiCl2. The formation of magnesium containing crystals was not observed although Mg2+ is present in the medium. However, the process was not depending on desiccation since small crystals attached to the mycelial biomass of the bacteria were observed microscopically also in liquid cultures of nickel supplemented minimal and complex media after two weeks of incubation. The capacity to induce biomineralization of a nickel containing mineral is postulated to constitute a resistance factor, allowing the soil bacterium to withstand high nickel concentrations. The strain shows nickel resistance as an adaption to its habitat, since this bacterium was isolated from a former uranium mining site in Eastern Thuringia, Germany, where nickel concentrations of up to 2000ppm (translating to appr. 30mM) occur as a result of former mining activities.     

新《环境保护法》的亮点、不足与展望

十二届全国人大常委会第八次会议表决通过了修订后的《环境保护法》,是中国环境法治建设的重要成就。新《环境保护法》与原《环境保护法》相比具有诸多亮点,如体现和贯彻了"保护优先"的理念,规定了生态保护红线制度、环境与健康监测调查和风险评估制度,明确了环境公益诉讼原告,规定了按日处罚制度。但也存在一些不足之处,如新《环境保护法》仍属管理法而非权利法、没有触及环境保护监督管理体制、环境保护法律体系缺乏合理协调、立法技术不够完善等。今后《环境保护法》的发展应注重从管理法向权利法转变、强化地方监管和建立区域性监管、协调环境保护法律体系。