柴达木盆地水资源概况及开发的几个问题

柴达木盆地水资源形成和变化有其自身规律,在区域缺水的环境下,局部水资源富集。近年来水资源规模开发带来一些地质环境问题,局部争水问题凸显。     

柴窝堡湖生态环境保护的实践探索及对策建议

从柴窝堡湖生态环境保护的具体措施、政策补贴、项目建设等方面,探索柴窝堡湖生态环境保护实践,分析柴窝堡湖生态环境建设面临的法律政策缺位、财政资金支持不足、环境执法的力度不够、企业和居民生态环保意识不强等问题,并通过生态价值量的经济价值量转化,明确实施柴窝堡湖生态环境保护的战略意义,提出柴窝堡湖生态环境保护的对策建议,以促...     

文化旅游产业的融合发展及政府规制改革研究

在文化旅游领域,文化与旅游产业的融合与互动发展已成为新的趋势,产生了良好的经济效益和社会效益。以文化旅游产业融合发展为题,联系产业分工理论、产业组织理论、战略管理理论等,结合文化及旅游产业自身的特征,对文化旅游产业融合的动因、融合机制和融合背景下如何进行政府规制改革等问题进行了分析。     

政府环境信息公开之网络环保——环保部门的职能转变

通过对开展网络环保的必要性分析,环保部门应当重视政府环境信息公开中的网络环保．满足公开信息的特征要求、完善公开途径,实现由管理型政府向服务型政府的转变。     

省级政府环境治理绩效的组态生成机制研究——基于多重制度逻辑的动态FSQCA分析

省级政府承担着改善地区环境质量,守护一方绿水青山的重任。探究不同制度条件下地方政府环境治理绩效的组态生成机制,对加强生态文明建设,促进人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化具有重要意义。基于多重制度逻辑理论,本文对30个省级行政区2017—2019年的数据进行了动态的汇总型FSQCA分析。研究发现：单一条件不能构成省级政府环境治理高绩效的必要生成条件;生成省级政府环境治理高绩效的组态机制共有四种,分别为：数据赋能单向机制、市场—法治协同机制、市场—公众协同机制以及政治—数据协同机制。进一步分析表明,在我国不同地区,生成省级政府环境治理高绩效的组态机制具有差异性。     

政府补助对企业ESG表现的影响研究——来自中国A股上市公司的经验证据

ESG表现逐渐成为企业和社会投资者的重点关注对象,政府作为市场的宏观调控者,政府补助是否影响企业ESG表现这一问题值得深究。以2015—2022年中国A股上市公司为研究样本,基于资源依赖理论、利益相关者理论以及信号传递理论,探讨政府补助对企业ESG表现的影响。结果表明：政府补助可以显著地促进企业ESG表现的提升,这一结论在进行替换解释变量以及采用多种回归模型等稳健性检验后仍然成立;通过机制分析发现,政府补助可以通过促进企业数字化转型来提升企业ESG表现;进行进一步的产权性质和分析师关注度异质性分析后发现,在非国有企业和分析师关注度高的企业中,政府补助能更有效地提升企业ESG表现。从政府、企业和社会投资者3个方面提出了有助于ESG全面推广的建议。     

地方政府环境与经济综合决策的保障制度

本文阐述了环境与经济综合决策的概念,详细分析了影响地方政府环境与经济综合决策的主要因素,并在此基础上,论述了建立保障地方政府环境与经济综合决策制度的体系与方法.     

政府、企业和公众:绿色转型的“三驾马车”

政府、企业和公民是绿色转型的"三驾马车",当前中国环境问题的最大障碍是这"三驾马车"之间缺乏有效的联动机制。政府虽然制定了非常多的环保法规、政策制度,但执法程序不够严格和法律体系不完善导致很多污染企业无视自身生产行为对环境所造成的影响,倾向于通过缴纳罚款来逃避环境责任。在这种状况下,"绿色转型"很可能会流于口号和形式。打破这一困境,有赖于公众的积极参与以及政府对公众参与的鼓励与扶持,唯有联合政府和公众的力量,企业才会有动力实施绿色转型。     

水资源管理的国际经验、挑战及对策

建议根据我国的基本国情和水情,借鉴国际经验从确定生态系统的水需求、水权制度建设、提高公众对决策制定过程的参与效果,激发河流流域组织的作用,以及健全水资源监管体系等方面科学实施最严格水资源管理制度。     

与政府合作,推动政策保护——可资借鉴的TNC的保护实践和理论探索

大自然保护协会多年来在保护生物多样性方面做了大量有益的工作,一方面为中国政府制定《中国生物多样性保护战略与行动计划》提供了重要依据,把生物多样性保护提升到国家战略的高度;另一方面通过探寻气候变化适应途径、保护地建设新模式等手段来实现生物多样性保护和区域经济发展双重目标,从而保障了人类和生物共同的权益和福祉。尽管保护和发展可以并行不悖,但二者间的有机平衡必须得以保障,故科学规划是实现自然保护与社会发展有序化的必要前提。     

WATER MARKETING: THE CASE OF INDIAN RESERVED RIGHTS1

ABSTRACT: Water marketing is an increasing important topic for policy makers and water managers, especially in the Western United States. Indian reserved rights (or Winters rights) differ in significant ways from water rights under most state prior appropriation systems. As Winters rights are quantified, a number of issues are emerging concerning the extent to which these water rights may be marketed, particularly to off-reservation users. This paper will review the evolution of Indian reserved water rights and discuss key issues surrounding the marketing of these rights.     

QUANTIFICATION OF INSTREAM FLOW NEEDS OF A WILD AND SCENIC RIVER FOR WATER RIGHTS LITIGATION1

ABSTRACT: The lower 4 miles of the Red River, a tributary of the Rio Grande in northern New Mexico, was designated as one of the “instant” components of the National Wild and Scenic River System in 1968. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), as the managing agency of the wild and scenic river, was a participant in a general water rights adjudication of the Red River stream system. The BLM sought a federal reserved water right and asserted a claim to the instream flows necessary to protect and maintain the values of the river. Instream flows are not recognized under New Mexico water law. Instream flow requirements were determined by several methods to quantify the claims made by the United States for a federal reserved water right under the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act. The scenic (aesthetic), recreational, and fish and wildlife values are the purposes for which instream flow requirements were claimed. Since water quality is related to these values, instream flows for waste transport and protection of water quality were also included in the claim. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Instream Flow Incremental Methodology was used to quantify the relationship between various flow regimes and fish habitat. Experience in this litigation indicates the importance of using state-of-the-art methodologies in quantifying instream flow claims. The incremental methodology held up well under technical and legal scrutiny and is an example of the latest methodology that was applied successfully in an adjudication. On February 23, 1984, the parties involved in the adjudication entered a precedential stipulation recognizing a federal reserved right to instream flows for the Red River component of the National Wild and Scenic River System.     

DEVELOPMENT OF FEDERAL RESERVE RIGHTS1

ABSTRACT: The concept that has been termed “Indian Rights to Water” is one manifestation of the area of federal reserved rights that is a major concern of states in arid regions. The federal reserved rights are those that are reserved in fact or by implication in federal actions, acts, reservations, and treaties. Federal actions include such things as navigation improvement and flood control projects. The Federal Court System, since the Civil War has been promulgating, developing, and protecting federal reserved water rights. The development of those rights can be traced from early cases through the landmark cases such as U.S. v. Rio Grande and Irrigation Co. (1899); Winters v. U.S. (1908) with the origin of the Winters' Doctrine of Indian Rights; Federal Power Commission v. Oregon, commonly called the Pelton Dam Case (1955); Arizona v. California (1963); U.S. v. District Court for Eagle County (1971); to existing suits on surface water sources such as that on appeal in regard to reserved federal water rights on the Truckee River. It can be shown that the federal position has been consistent through all the years in that the federal rights have been protected, expanded, developed, and preserved in a more or less predictable manner.     

水危机与中水回用技术方法的探讨

世界与国内水资源短缺的现状表明中水回用十分迫切。本文介绍了国内外中水回用的应用情况,表明该技术对缓解世界与国内的用水压力起着举足轻重的作用。阐述了中水回用的技术方法、水质要求及工艺流程,讨论了中水回用的实际意义,结论表明：中水回用提高了水的利用率,实现了水资源的可持续发展。     

罗布泊野骆驼自然保护区生态环境问题及恢复措施

当今世界人们最为关注的问题之一是生物多样性的保护,任何一种物种的消亡都是对我们这个世界的一种巨大损失.为保护世界极旱荒漠区的新疆罗布泊野骆驼,在国家环保总局的支持和全球环境基金会、联合国环境规划署、野骆驼保护基金会等国际组织的资助下,新疆政府成立了罗布泊自然保护区.但是由于人为活动因素和大气候环境的变化,该区域生存的野骆驼等野生动物栖息地环境也发生了不利的变化,为了改善野骆驼的饮水和觅食环境,保护区采取了打井等多种管理措施.对保护区目前野骆驼生存环境的变化进行剖析,并介绍生态恢复措施等.     

郊野公园作为城市自然保留地的价值分析

城市自然保留地（urban natural reserved area）是指城市地区范围内具有一定面积的自然或近自然区域,具有保持生物多样性、乡土物种保护和保存复杂基因库等重要的生态功能。郊野公园作为城市自然保留地的重要组成,在生态、游憩、乡土植物、研究教育等方面具有重要的价值。本文分析了郊野公园在这些方面的价值,并介绍了香港的郊野公园建设,最后对郊野公园的建设提出了建议。     

远安县农业后备资源评价及开发利用

人口膨涨、资源短缺是人类21世纪面临的两大难题,合理开发和利用农业后备资源缓解人口与资源矛盾的重要途径。笔者根据农业区划成果和农业后备资源调查资料,分析了远安县农业后备资源的现状及开发潜力,提出了农业后备资源开发利用的设想,并针对性地提出了措施及建议.     

MONTANA'S EXPERIENCE IN RESERVING YELLOWSTONE RIVER WATER FOR INSTREAM BENEFICIAL USES - THE RESERVATION DECISION1

ABSTRACT: The Yellowstone River in Montana produces an abundant supply of high quality water, but in the early 1970's, the specter of mushrooming energy development in the drainage with its attendant demands for large volumes of water prompted this state to initiate steps to protect existing users and to control future water uses. A Water Use Act was passed in 1973, and a moratorium was subsequently placed on the granting of new permits for major diversion. During this moratorium, various governmental entities were given the opportunity to request the reservation of water for future beneficial uses, including instream purposes. An earlier paper described the reservation applications that were received by the state, and it also summarized the legal framework of the reservation process in Montana. Since that time, the responsible state agency has had the opportunity to review the reservation requests, and its final decision in this regard was announced in December of 1978. This paper describes the details of this decision. Basically, an attempt was made to preserve the integrity of the stream while also strengthening its agricultural uses. In addition, a portion of the flow was not earmarked which will provide some flexibility in reacting to future demands.     

武汉市城市土地储备制度存在的问题

介绍了城市土地储备制度的概念、特点和基本思想，以及武汉市城市土地储备制度的建立和实施情况，具体阐述了武汉市城市土地储备制度自建立以来存在的主要问题，提出了解决问题的措施。