2-萘酚生产废水综合治理与资源化利用工程实例

针对2-萘酚生产废水p H值低、色泽深,亚硫酸盐和萘磺酸盐高、COD浓度高的特点,采用酸化脱硫-两级络合萃取-氧化絮凝工艺处理,介绍了专利工艺的流程设计,给出了主要工艺设计参数及投资运行成本。工程运行结果表明,该工艺设计合理、技术成熟、处理效果稳定,2-萘酚生产废水经处理后达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》一级排放标准要求;回收的萘磺酸钠固体可返回2-萘酚生产系统套用;反萃取黑液经蒸发浓缩,合成的减水剂产品各项指标达到或超过GB 8076—2008《混凝土外加剂》高效减水剂指标要求。     

臭氧催化氧化处理对硝基苯甲酸废水

化工产品对硝基苯甲酸的生产过程中排放的化工废水，主要含有苯甲酸、硝酸、硝基苯、对硝基苯甲酸等物质。采用微电解-臭氧催化氧化工艺对该废水进行预处理后，CODCr去除率达60％左右，并提高了可生化性。将预处理后的废水加入一定数量的厂区生活污水，再进行生化处理，出水CODCr、色度等指标达到污水综合排放标准(GB8978—1996)中的一级标准。     

加压生物接触氧化法处理医院污水

介绍了采用加压生物接触氧化-ClO2消毒工艺处理医院污水的情况,运行结果表明,该工艺装置除污效率高、占地少、运行稳定,处理出水达到了国家污水综合排放一级标准(GB8978-1996)的要求。     

芬顿氧化+SBR工艺处理家具喷漆废水的实例

对家具生产排放的喷漆废水进行污水处理设计,根据实际污水情况,采用隔油-混凝沉淀-芬顿氧化-SBR-过滤工艺处理,出水取得较好效果,污水达到排放标准。     

油库含油废水处理技术

采用物化法与生化法相结合的工艺处理含油废水,工程运行实践表明,该工艺处理效果好、运行稳定,各项指标均可达到GB8978-1996<污水综合排放标准>中的一级排放标准.     

大型针织印染废水处理工程的设计与运行

阐述了运用缺氧水解 -好氧 -混凝工艺处理大型针织印染废水的工程实例。运行结果表明 ,该工艺切实可行 ,处理出水水质达到了污水综合排放一级标准     

用碱液蒸馏吸附工艺处理酯化工业污水的研究

在生产油漆的过程中，产生的污水腐蚀性强，有机物浓度高，研究了用碱液蒸馏吸附工艺处理酯化工业污水，其工艺流程简单，经吸附后，排出的水质清澈，可达到国家排放标准。     

水解-好氧工艺处理稠油污水

在此介绍了国内某油田采用生物膜水解酸化-生物膜接触氧化工艺处理稠油污水,并实现了3000 m3/d稠油(油密度ρ=0.86~0.97 g/L)污水达标外排的工程实例。装置运行一年来的结果表明,该工艺具有抗冲击能力强,污泥产生量少,处理效果稳定等优点,出水水质达到国家二级污水排放标准(GB8978-96),大部分水质指标达到国家一级污水排放标准。     

节能型焦化污水生物脱氮新工艺的生产性试验研究

采用节能型生物脱氮新工艺对黑龙江某焦化厂的污水处理站进行生产性试验研究,结果表明:处理后出水达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》一级,并可回用于熄焦。该工艺适合推广应用于焦化污水、垃圾渗滤液、养殖、化肥等高含氮有机污水的处理。     

厌氧—好氧法治理酒糟废液的实例

罐式套氧接触发酵工艺处理全糟（半糟）生产沼气，推流式活性污泥曝气好氧工艺处理消化液，薯干酒糟废液经综合治理达到国标ＧＢ８９７８－８８污水综合排放行业新扩改二级标准。本文介绍了该工艺在博兴酒厂的应用。     

2-萘酚及臭氧氧化产物对斑马鱼胚胎急性毒性的影响

臭氧氧化作为水处理工艺中预处理或深度处理的手段之一,在饮用水厂、污水处理厂等已被广泛应用。文章以研究有机物急、慢性毒性的模式生物——斑马鱼胚胎为模型,对2-萘酚及其臭氧氧化溶液的急性毒性进行了研究。结果表明,2-萘酚对斑马鱼胚胎具有明显的致畸和孵化抑制作用,胚胎的死亡率随暴露溶液浓度的升高而升高,24、48、72 h的LC50值分别为(7.39±0.65)mg/L、(6.49±0.48)mg/L、(6.27±0.52)mg/L。臭氧氧化可以有效去除2-萘酚,并降低其急性毒性,急性毒性随着反应时间的增加而降低,有利于后续的生物处理和污水达标排放。初始浓度为25 mg/L的2-萘酚溶液在实验条件下,经臭氧氧化12 min后去除率达100%,反应35 min后,溶液对斑马鱼胚胎的急性毒性消失。结合胚胎急性毒性实验结果和液相色谱/质谱、离子色谱的中间产物分析表明,2-萘酚臭氧氧化产物对斑马鱼胚胎的急性毒性作用大大低于2-萘酚,臭氧处理能有效降低2-萘酚的生态风险。     

Biodegradation of 2-naphthol and its metabolites by coupling Aspergillus niger with Bacillus subtilis

To explore biodegradation of 2-naphthol and its metabolites accumulated in wastewater treatment, a series of bio-degradation experiments were conducted. Two main metabolites of 2-naphthol, 1,2-naphthalene-diol and 1,2-naphthoquinone, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography with standards. Combining fungus Aspergillus niger with bacterium Bacillus subtilis in the treatment enhanced 2-naphthol degradation e ciency, lowered the accumulation of the two toxic metabolites. There were two main phases during the degradation process by the kinetic analysis: 2-naphthol was first partly degraded by the fungus, producing labile and easily accumulated metabolites, and then the metabolites were mainly degraded by the bacterium, attested by the degradation processes of 1,2-naphthalene-diol and 1,2-naphthoquinone as sole source of carbon and energy. Sodium succinate, as a co-metabolic substrate, was the most suitable compound for the continuous degradation. The optimum concentration of 2-naphthol was 50 mg/L. The overall 2-naphthol degradation rate was 92%, and the CODCr removal rate was 80% on day 10. These results indicated that high degradation rate of 2-naphthol should not be considered as the sole desirable criterion for the bioremediation of 2-naphtholcontaminated soils/wastewater.     

Effects of the surface chemistry of macroreticular adsorbents on the adsorption of 1-naphthol/1-naphthylamine mixtures from water

The adsorption behaviors of 1-naphthol, 1-naphthylamine and l-naphthol/l-naphthylamine mixtures in water over two macroreticular adsorbents were investigated in single or binary batch systems at 293 K, 303 K and 313 K respectively. All the adsorption isotherms in the studied systems can be adequately fitted by Langmuir model. In the case of aminated macroreticular adsorbent NDA103, 1-naphthol is adsorbed to a larger extent than 1-naphthylamine; while, the opposite trend is found for nonpolar macroreticular adsorbent NDA100. It is noteworthy that at higher temperature（303 K and 313 K）, the total uptake amounts of 1-naphthol and 1-naphthylamine in all binary-component systems are obvious larger than the pure uptake amounts in single-component systems, which is presumably due to the cooperative effect primarily arisen from the hydrogen-bonding interaction between the loaded 1-naphthol and 1-naphthylamine molecules. The simultaneous adsorption systems were confirmed to be helpful to the selective adsorption towards 1-naphthol according to the larger selective index.     

2-萘胺的代谢及其活化机理的研究

经诱导的大鼠肝微粒体S9制剂与2-萘胺一起培养,代谢产物经鉴定有以下4种:2-氨基—5-萘酚,2-氨基—6-萘酚,2-氨基—7萘酚和2-氨基—8-萘酚,其生成数量不等.2-萘胺的8-,5-,6-和7-位酚的相对含量依次为52.6％,28.5％,14.0％和4.9％.上述的比例与用双区理论计算和推导的结果是一致的,表明在代谢中芳胺的氨基与异环碳皆起着活化与脱毒的双重作用.     

成晶节杆菌NT16和共生芽孢杆菌NG16联合代谢1-萘酚的特性

1-萘酚是多环芳烃降解过程中极易积累的典型含氧多环芳烃,其难降解、毒性大,直接影响多环芳烃污染环境的修复效果.为探究微生物联合代谢1-萘酚的特性,以前期从含氧多环芳烃污染土壤中分离出的两种共生菌株——成晶节杆菌NT16和芽孢杆菌NG16为受试菌株,结合HPLC、TOC、GC-MS等测定方法进行降解特性的测定.结果表明,NT16菌和NG16菌均能以1-萘酚为唯一碳源和能源生长,两种菌株联合代谢比NT16菌、NG16菌单独降解1-萘酚的生长量分别高2.758×10~9 cfu·mL~(-1)和1.4×10~9 cfu·mL~(-1),对1-萘酚的降解率可提高20%,使体系中TOC值加速降低.NT16菌和NG16菌联合代谢1-萘酚可按照两个途径进行,其一,1-萘酚羟化后开环,进入邻苯二甲酸代谢途径.NT16菌更易进入该途径,而NG16菌则不易通过该途径降解1-萘酚;其二,1-萘酚羟化后开环,进入苯丙酸代谢途径.NG16菌迅速将1-萘酚降解为对羟基苯乙酸,其在降解体系中积累,NT16菌无法高效降解1-萘酚却能够降解对羟基苯乙酸至较短烷基链的小分子化合物.该研究结果将为含氧多环芳烃污染环境实际修复中微生物群落协同作用降解污染物奠定基础.     

Studies on metabolism of 2-naphthylamine and its activation mechanism

2-naphthylamine was incubated with induced rat liver microsome S9 preparation and the metabolites were separated through HPLC. The following products were identified: 2-amino-5-naphthol, 2-amino-6-naphthol, 2-amino-7-naphthol and 2-amino-8-naphthol. The yields of these four metabolites are varying in quantity, and the relative contents of 2-amino-8-, -5-, -6- and -7-naphthol are 52.6%, 28.5%, 14.0% and 4.9% respectively. These results are consistent with the quantitative HMO calculation and inference based upon Di-region theory, i.e., the metabolisms of aryl amines on extra-ring (assigned the ring without the substituent of amino group) are through the epoxidation and then NIH shift, but are not the direct hydroxylation in the formation of phenols. It is shown that both the amino group and the carbon atoms on the extra-ring play duality roles of activation and detoxification in metabolism.     

伏安法测定水中β-萘酚

研究了β-萘酚在多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)修饰电极上的电化学行为,在C6H8O7-Na2HPO4溶液中,β-萘酚在修饰电极上产生一对可逆峰,还原峰电位为-0.103V,氧化峰电位为-0.076V,该峰较灵敏、稳定,适于伏安测定。据此提出了一种灵敏,简便的检测β-萘酚的电化学分析方法。在合适的条件下,β-萘酚浓度在2×10-5～4×10-4mol/L范围内浓度与峰电流呈线性相关,相关系数r=0.9940,检出限2.5×10-7mol/L。同时对模拟水样进行测定,结果满意。     

Effects of rhamnolipid biosurfactant JBR425 and synthetic surfactant Surfynol465 on the peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of 2-naphthol

The kinetics of the recombinant Coprinus cinereus peroxidase-catalyzed 2-naphthol oxidation was investigated in the presence of rhamnolipid biosurfactant JBR425 and synthetic surfactant Surfynol465 at pH 5.5 and 25℃, with concentrations of (bio)surfactants both less than critical micelle concentrations (CMC) and larger than CMC. It was shown that monomers of JBR425 as well as monomers of Surfynol465 had an enhancing effect on the conversion of 2-naphthol in dose response manner and did not influence the initial rate of 2-naphthol oxidation. The results were accounted by a scheme, which contains a stadium of enzyme inhibition by oligomeric 2-naphthol oxidation products. The action of the biosurfactant's (or synthetic surfactant's) monomers was explained by avoidance of the enzyme active center clothing with oligomers. Similar results have demonstrated the potential of rhamnolipid biosurfactant JBR425 due to its biodegradability. When biosurfactants' concentrations are larger than CMC, (bio)surfactants have an opposite effect on the oxidation of 2-naphthol by peroxidase.     

Preconcentration and determination of trace copper(II) in natural water using silica gel modified with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol

Trace copper (II) in water can be preconcentrated using silica gel modified with 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) and be determined spectrophotometri-cally. The conditions for the preconcentration were studied. The method was applied to both artificial and natural water samples and the results suggest that copper (II) of ppb level in water can be measured accurately after the preconcentration.     

Assessment of fieldscale zero liquid discharge treatment systems for recovery of water and salt from textile effluents

Treatment systems consisting of physico-chemical treatment, biological treatment, ozonation, reverse osmosis system, nanofiltration system, multiple effect evaporator, crystalliser and solar evaporation pans set up by three dyeing units in Tirupur, India, were assessed in the present study. The composite samples were analysed for colour, pH, TSS, TDS, chlorides, sulphates, COD, total iron, silica, SDI, LSI and total hardness. The results indicated that the physico-chemical treatment alone is inadequate to achieve the feed water quality norms for spiral wound RO membranes. It is recommended that the primary treatment may incorporate biological treatment and ultrafiltration to reduce COD and SDI in the feed water. Water recovery by reverse osmosis and salt recovery using nanofilter were 87% and 71%, respectively.It was also found that there is substantial direct profit in recovering water using reverse osmosis and sodium chloride in solution using nanofiltration as compared to the recovery of Na₂SO₄. The study also revealed that high quality water could be produced by treatment system incorporating membrane technology at affordable costs and recycled back into the process in the textile dyeing industry.