关于推进资源循环利用基地建设的指导意见

正发改办环资[2017]1778号为落实"十三五"规划《纲要》和《国务院关于深入推进新型城镇化建设的若干意见》,大力发展循环经济,加快资源循环利用基地建设,推进城市公共基础设施一体化,促进垃圾分类和资源循环利用,推动新型城市发展,提出如下意见。一、建设资源循环利用基地的重要意义资源循环利用基地是对废钢铁、废有色金属、废旧轮胎、建筑垃圾、餐厨废弃物、园林废弃物、废旧纺织品、废塑料、废润滑油、废纸、快递包装物、废玻璃、生活垃圾、城市污泥等城市废弃物进行分类利用和集中处置的场所。基地与城市垃圾     

我国园林绿化废弃物资源化处理案例研究与发展建议

我国已在地级及以上城市全面启动垃圾分类工作,在此背景下,园林绿化废弃物单独分类和资源化处理成为必然的选择。梳理了我国关于园林绿化废弃物分类和处理的相关政策,介绍了北京和上海的园林绿化废弃物分类和处理的实践,为其他城市开展园林绿化废弃物分类和处理提供了借鉴,并提出了园林绿化废弃物分类和处理的发展建议,对推动园林绿化废弃物的资源化利用有积极意义。     

日本城市废弃物处理和综合利用技术简介

应日本新技术促进机构邀请,对日本城市废弃物处理和综合利用技术进行考察.简要介绍日本新技术促进机构以及日本企业对于城市垃圾、废塑料和电子废弃物的处置和再利用技术,为中日再生资源行业深入合作,推动我国再生资源行业技术发展提供借鉴.     

住建部发布《城市生活垃圾分类工作考核暂行办法》

正住建部2018年6月14日发布《城市生活垃圾分类工作考核暂行办法》,详情如下。第一条为深入贯彻习近平总书记关于生活垃圾分类工作重要指示精神,加快推进生活垃圾分类工作,按照《国务院办公厅关于转发国家发展改革委住房城乡建设部生活垃圾分类制度实施方案的通知》(国办发[2017]26号)及《住房城乡建设部关于加快推进部分重点城市生活垃圾分类工作的通知》(建城[2017]253号)有关要求,制定本办法。     

广东省商务厅等部门联合发布10条措施 推进再生资源回收体系建设

为落实《广东省城市生活垃圾分类实施方案》《广东省农村生活垃圾分类实施方案(试行)》《广东省2020年城市生活垃圾分类工作要点》有关要求,进一步完善广东省再生资源回收体系,提高再生资源回收行业发展质量,推动再生资源回收体系与生活垃圾清运体系两网衔接,助推生活垃圾分类工作实现减量化、资源化,广东省商务厅联合省发展改革委、工业和信息化厅、财政厅、自然资源厅、住房和城乡建设厅、农业农村厅、供销合作联社发布了《关于推进再生资源回收体系建设促进生活垃圾减量化资源化的通知》(粤商务管字[2020]29号,以下简称《通知》)。《通知》共分为健全再生资源回收体系、推进回收网络进社区、提高低价值可回收物回收率、促进行业规范发展4部分共10条。     

推行垃圾分类处理开发“城市矿产”资源——在2012“城市矿产”产业高峰论坛上的讲话

各位领导、各位专家、同志们、朋友们: 大家好! 众所周知,伴随着城市的快速发展,会产生数量庞大的废弃物.将这些城市废弃物开发成为可以利用的城市资源,是发展循环经济的切入点,是产业结构升级的新路径,对于我们建设环境友好型、资源节约型社会,有效缓解资源瓶颈约束,减轻环境污染具有十分重要的意义. 作为"城市矿产"重要组成部分的城市生活垃圾,目前全国各地大多采取卫生填埋、焚烧的处理方式,但这种处理方式存在一些无法回避的缺陷.通过对垃圾的分类处理,充分挖掘垃圾分类回收中蕴含的资源潜力,不仅可以从源头上减少垃圾产量,最大程度避免卫生填埋、焚烧处理方式的缺陷,而且可以变废为宝,化害为利.这是推进垃圾资源化处理的必由之路,也是发展循环经济的重要体现.     

浅谈上海地区生活垃圾的能源化利用

1 前言 城市生活垃圾属废弃物的再利用范畴,不仅可作为再生物质的原料,而且还可作为能源.利用垃圾焚烧方式回收其能量的垃圾处理技术在近20年得到迅速发展,美国、日本等发达国家已开始大量应用,并产生了良好的环保效益和经济效益,此外,这些发达国家还利用无机垃圾制RDF(垃圾衍生燃料),利用废塑料制汽油,利用有机垃圾制取甲烷,这些制取能源的方法被认为是我国处理城市生活垃圾的一个重要方向.深圳市1988年投产了从日本引进的两台三菱马丁式垃圾焚烧炉,日处理垃圾150吨/台,发电装机容量为3000千瓦,开我国焚烧工艺处理垃圾并利用余热发电的先河.预计到2010年,各地将建有各类垃圾能源工厂150～200座.     

日本容器包装废弃物管理制度及其启示

1997年,日本开始实施《容器包装再生利用法》,要求特定企业对玻璃瓶、PET瓶、纸质容器包装和塑料容器包装进行再商品化利用.经过20多年的发展,日本形成了较完善的容器包装废弃物再生利用体系.介绍了日本《容器包装再生利用法》的出台背景、容器包装废弃物的管理制度、分类基准、再利用情况等.日本容器包装废弃物的管理制度对我国具...     

我国城市生活垃圾产业最优模式设计

通过对垃圾产业市场的分析,阐述了我国城市生活垃圾产业的历史、现状和存在的问题.在此基础上,根据我国的实际情况,提出了适合于我国城市生活垃圾产业系统的最优模式:垃圾生产子系统、垃圾分类收集子系统和垃圾最终处理与资源化利用子系统.提出居民初步分类与政府组织下的"拾荒者合作社"精细分类相结合,按照处理技术的不同,将城市生活垃圾分成 5种类型.通过对各类型生活垃圾流向的系统设计,保证了城市生活垃圾处理的减量化、资源化和无害化.最后讨论了政府在垃圾产业最优模式形成过程中的作用,并提出政府可以借鉴的城市生活垃圾产业管理措施 12项.     

城市生活垃圾三元二级分类体系的构建及应用前景

城市生活垃圾的精细分类是高效高值化垃圾处理的基础和前提,城市生活垃圾处理的关键在于阻遏垃圾混合和如何充分利用湿垃圾。城市生活垃圾三元二级分类体系,即首先将垃圾分为3种类型:干垃圾、湿垃圾和特种垃圾;然后再分别进行二次单一化精细分类。源头分类阻遏了垃圾进入混合状态;对有机垃圾则通过物理破碎、微生物混合发酵预处理、环境昆虫过腹转化的"三位一体处理技术系统"实现资源化利用。城市生活垃圾三元二级分类体系是一个简化垃圾分类体系,改变了"可回收"与"不可回收"垃圾难以快捷界定的难题。     

Infectious waste management in Japan: a revised regulation and a management process in medical institutions

In Japan, the waste management practice is carried out in accordance with the Waste Disposal Law of 1970. The first rule of infectious waste management was regulated in 1992, and infectious wastes are defined as the waste materials generated in medical institutions as a result of medical care or research which contain pathogens that have the potential to transmit infectious diseases. Revised criteria for infectious waste management were promulgated by the Ministry of Environment in 2004. Infectious waste materials are divided into three categories: the form of waste; the place of waste generation; the kind of infectious diseases. A reduction of infectious waste is expected. We introduce a summary of the revised regulation of infectious waste management in this article.     

Recent trends in recycling activities and waste management in Japan

Japan's basic approach to municipal solid waste (MSW) is (1) waste reduction, (2) promotion of recycling, (3) volume reduction by intermediate treatment, and (4) environmentally sound final disposal. A brief history of legislative trends in waste management is given as background for current waste management and recycling activities. The material recovery rate for MSW collected by local municipalities was only 5.6% in 1996. More than half of MSW, on a volume basis, consists of containers and packages, while great amounts of landfill space are also taken up by bulky wastes such as electric appliances. Therefore, in order to promote recycling and decrease landfill waste, Japan is targeting containers, packages, and electric appliances. A law promoting separate collection and recycling of containers and packages (Packaging Waste Recycling Law) and a law requiring the recycling of specific home electric appliances into new products (Home Electric Appliance Recycling Law) were introduced in June 1995 and June 1998, respectively. These laws are in line with the OECD policy Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). Received: September 16, 1998 / Accepted: March 10, 1999     

Exploring the motivations and obstacles of the public's garbage classification participation: evidence from Sina Weibo

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - China has been implementing garbage classification to improve resource recycling for many years. Since garbage classification is essentially a...     

Hazardous industrial waste management in Vietnam: current status and future direction

This article concentrates on the existing situation of hazardous industrial waste management in Vietnam. To realize the importance of the development of a Vietnam national strategy based on the reduce, reuse, recycle (3R) concept to the year 2020, the author summarizes the practice of recycling activities of hazardous industrial waste and discusses the challenges arising from increases in the quantity and types of waste and the level of hazard of the waste generated considering that the technical infrastructure for handling and managing the waste is inadequate and the legal system on environmental protection is lacking. In order to improve the existing situation of hazardous industrial waste management, the Vietnamese Government recently has played an increasing role in promoting regional and international cooperation on environmental protection through ratifying the international conventions on the environment including the Basel Convention on the Control of Trans-boundary Movements of Hazardous Waste and their Disposal and the International Labor Organization Convention on Safety in the Use of Chemicals at Work and by adhering to the concept of the material-cycle society. These steps are key opportunities for applying the principles of 3R to the recovery of value from hazardous waste in the future.     

Comparison research on waste classification between China and the EU,Japan, and the USA

Waste and waste management have become significant global issues and common challenges that we face. Efficient and effective waste management is an essential part of civilized society. A good waste classification system is the foundation and precondition for efficient waste management. In this paper, in accordance with waste classification principles of systematicness, hierarchy, practical maneuverability and expansibility, waste classification systems in China, the EU, Japan and the USA are reviewed for collection, transportation and treatment sectors. Comparison analysis results show that waste classification methods are diversified and process-oriented classification, substance-oriented and hazardous properties classification principles are widely adopted for waste generation and transportation. For waste treatment process, all the countries and regions adopt similar classification methods based on follow-up treatment process. In general, the EU and Japan all have established their own integrated waste classification system. However, the EU’s macro–micro integration waste classification systems are more suitable for China to learn which process-oriented waste classification is used for declaration and registration at the micro-level and substance-oriented waste classification system for environmental statistics at the macro-level.     

Statistical approach for the source identification of boron in leachates from industrial landfills

Boron has been found in high concentrations in leachates from landfills located throughout Japan. However, the source(s) of boron in the leachates, i.e., what kind of waste(s) releases this element into the leachate, has not been clarified. In this study, boron concentrations in leachates from 48 industrial landfills were evaluated, in relation to the categories of waste constituting the landfill in each of the sites, by multiple regression analysis. The multiple regression analyses were carried out using the log-transformed boron concentration as a dependent variable and each of 19 categories of industrial waste (according to the Japanese Waste Disposal and Public Cleansing Law) as independent variables. Stepwise variable selection was employed in the analyses. Although the significant variable(s) selected varied according to the data sets analyzed (viz., data sets from least controlled landfill sites, from controlled landfill sites, and from both), cinders, slag, and waste plastics emerged as wastes with positive partial regression coefficients that significantly explained the boron levels in the leachates. These results indicated that cinders, slag, and waste plastics were the sources of high concentrations of boron in the leachates. The results of the present exploratory statistical analyses warrant a systematic survey of the boron contents of, and leachability from, cinders, slag, and waste plastics. Received: January 17, 2000 / Accepted: July 24, 2000     

以回收利甩标准破解“垃圾围城”

生活垃圾处理已经成为各城市面临的难题。在已有研究基础上分析了城市垃圾分类收集存在的严重问题和影响居民实施垃圾分类的关键因素，概述了现有的垃圾分类收集标准和废弃产品回收利用标准内容，最后提出加强实施相关标准、促进垃圾分类收集的建议。     

日本生活垃圾焚烧灰渣的资源化利用

日本生活垃圾的焚烧率高达80%,对焚烧灰渣的处理也比较先进,其资源化利用方式主要有在熔融设施进行熔融处理后制成熔融灰渣、作为水泥原料及路基材料等。介绍了日本生活垃圾焚烧灰渣的产生及资源化利用情况,以期对我国处理焚烧灰渣有所借鉴。     

乡镇垃圾分类循环利用现状——以闽侯县上街镇为例

由于我国乡镇经济的迅速发展以及乡镇村民生活水平加速提高,乡镇的垃圾种类及数量趋向于城市。乡镇村民居住较为分散,垃圾分类、收集、循环利用相较于城市困难,因此推进乡镇垃圾分类循环利用迫在眉睫。本文从闽侯县上街镇展开调查,以乡镇垃圾分类、回收循环利用为关键词展开分析,并从上街镇垃圾分类循环利用模式存在的问题进行分析、总结和建议。