成型方式对不同骨料透水混凝土性能影响试验研究

采用4种不同成型方式分别制作再生骨料透水混凝土和天然骨料透水混凝土,研究其强度和透水性能的变化规律.试验结果表明:手工振捣+平板振动成型方式制作的透水混凝土,具有较高的强度与优良的透水性能,为最佳的成型方式;同配比时,再生骨料透水混凝土较天然骨料混凝土强度更高,透水性能也较好.     

双掺粉煤灰再生骨料对混凝土强度影响研究

通过试验研究再生骨料混凝土中粉煤灰和再生骨料对混凝土强度的影响。采用粉煤灰替代部分水泥、再生骨料替代部分天然粗骨料的方法,通过正交试验测定混凝土立方体抗压强度的方法,来研究粉煤灰对再生骨料混凝土强度的影响。试验得出:当再生骨料掺量为20%~30%时,粉煤灰的最佳掺量为20%左右;当再生骨料掺量高于40%、粉煤灰掺量高于20%时,其混凝土拌合物搅拌时间不小于240 s,且当粉煤灰在20%~30%时,可获得较理想的混凝土抗压强度;当粉煤灰的掺入量分布在20%~30%、再生骨料的最佳掺量为50%时,可获得较理想的混凝土抗压强度。由此得出,合理的再生骨料、粉煤灰掺量对混凝土的抗压强度影响并不明显且有提高的趋势,对降低混凝土成本,提高建筑垃圾的再生利用,有一定的经济效益和社会效益。     

全废砖再生轻骨料混凝土试验研究

将废粘土砖加工成粗细骨料,用于配制全废砖再生轻骨料混凝土.检测结果表明：所用废砖粗细骨料属轻骨料范畴,但其吸水率较大,且细骨料级配不良.试验表明：本试验配合比体系中,净水灰比为0.42,体积砂率为50％时最佳;以全废砖配制的再生砖轻骨料混凝土的强度发展规律与普通轻骨料混凝土类似,均有随水泥用量提高而强度提高的趋势,但随着所配制的混凝土强度等级的提高,再生轻骨料混凝土的强度提高趋势下降.以全废砖为骨料适合配制强度等级LC30及以下的再生轻骨料混凝土.     

再生骨料基本性质及对混凝土性能影响的研究

系统研究了废弃混凝土经破碎、分级、清洗后得到的再生骨料的基本性质,揭示了再生骨料较天然花岗岩骨料密度小、空隙率大、吸水率和吸水速率大及压碎指标大等特点.同时还讨论了再生骨料对新拌混凝土和易性和抗压强度的影响规律,再生骨料将使新拌混凝土的流动性降低,但粘聚性和保水性较好,使硬化混凝土的抗压强度略有降低.     

碎砖骨料再生混凝土配合比研究

用正交法试验分析了碎砖骨料混凝土的配合比,提出水灰比和碎砖骨料掺量分别是影响混凝土强度和流动性的主要因素.倡导用碎砖做混凝土骨料,保护生态环境.     

C20全废混凝土再生骨料透水混凝土配比试验

为了再利用建筑垃圾,节约天然骨料资源,试验骨料全部采用废混凝土,研究水灰比、胶骨比及减水剂对废混凝土再生骨料透水混凝土性能的影响。结果表明:在胶骨比不变时,水灰比增加,抗压强度增加、孔隙率降低;在水灰比不变时,胶骨比增加,抗压强度增加、孔隙率降低;减水剂可以改善拌合物的和易性,从而提高抗压强度,降低孔隙率,但加入量不宜过大;用全废混凝土完全可配制出符合规范要求的透水混凝土。     

再生骨料及再生混凝土的改性研究

全面综述了再生骨料和再生混凝土改性的试验方法、试验条件和改性效果.     

再生骨料透水砖研究现状综述

查阅了国内外众多文献,主要分析了再生骨料级配及取代率、掺合料、制备方法等因素对再生骨料透水砖的力学性能、透水性能、耐磨性与耐久性的影响,并进行了总结,为后续开展相关工作提供一定依据。     

骨料特征对GRC耐久性影响

为了研究骨料特征对GRC耐久性的影响,以废混凝土再生骨料、废砖再生骨料分别取代GRC中的天然砂,分别采用自然老化和50℃加速老化的方法,研究不同性能特征的骨料对GRC长期性能的影响。结果表明:废混凝土再生骨料、废砖再生骨料表面粗糙、多孔的特征,可减少体系中Ca(OH)_2的含量、减小Ca(OH)_2的结晶尺寸;废砖再生骨料还具有火山灰效应,可消耗体系中Ca(OH)_2,因而其对GRC的耐久性改善作用较废混凝土骨料更显著;两种骨料具有的特征不但可提高GRC基体的抗折强度,还可减轻玻璃纤维被腐蚀的程度,有利于GRC耐久性的改善。     

不同掺量再生骨料对混凝土强度的影响研究

通过混凝土配合比设计试验采用等量取代普通骨料的方法,研究不同掺量连续级配再生骨料对混凝土拌合物和易性及混凝土立方体抗压强度影响。主要采取对照组与不同处理组拌合物和易性、不同龄期试件抗压强度等的对比试验得出试验结果。试验结果表明连续级配混凝土再生骨料的掺量对混凝土的和易性及强度均有一定的影响并呈线性变化。通过试验数据结合理论分析得出在再生骨料混凝土配合比设计中,其流动性的大小受到混凝土再生骨料及粉煤灰掺量的影响;再生骨料混凝土的早期强度与拌合物的搅拌时间有直接关系,试验分析得出为提高混凝土早期抗压强度,混凝土再生骨料混凝土配制时其搅拌时间应适当延长;同时,为提高混凝土的和易性、早期及后期抗压强度粉煤灰的掺量百分比应随连续级配混凝土再生骨料掺量的增加而提高。利用试验研究成果,可有效提高混凝土再生骨料的利用量,保障再生骨料混凝土的抗压强度,提高建筑废渣的利用率减轻生态环境压力达到节能减排的目的。同时又能大幅度降低混凝土工程的成本具有一定的经济效益和社会效益。     

Compressive strength and resistance to chloride ion penetration and carbonation of recycled aggregate concrete with varying amount of fly ash and fine recycled aggregate

Construction and demolition waste has been dramatically increased in the last decade, and social and environmental concerns on the recycling have consequently been increased. Recent technology has greatly improved the recycling process for waste concrete. This study investigates the fundamental characteristics of concrete using recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) for its application to structural concrete members. The specimens used 100% coarse RCA, various replacement levels of natural aggregate with fine RCA, and several levels of fly ash addition. Compressive strength of mortar and concrete which used RCA gradually decreased as the amount of the recycled materials increased. Regardless of curing conditions and fly ash addition, the 28 days strength of the recycled aggregate concrete was greater than the design strength, 40 MPa, with a complete replacement of coarse aggregate and a replacement level of natural fine aggregate by fine RCA up to 60%. The recycled aggregate concrete achieved sufficient resistance to the chloride ion penetration. The measured carbonation depth did not indicate a clear relationship to the fine RCA replacement ratio but the recycled aggregate concrete could also attain adequate carbonation resistance. Based on the results from the experimental investigations, it is believed that the recycled aggregate concrete can be successfully applied to structural concrete members.     

Durability of recycled aggregate concrete using pozzolanic materials

In this study, pulverized fuel ash (PFA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) were used to compensate for the loss of strength and durability of concrete containing recycled aggregate. As a result, 30% PFA and 65% GGBS concretes increased the compressive strength to the level of control specimens cast with natural granite gravel, but the tensile strength was still lowered at 28 days. Replacement with PFA and GGBS was effective in raising the resistance to chloride ion penetrability into the concrete body, measured by a rapid chloride ion penetration test based on ASTM C 1202-91. It was found that the corrosion rate of 30% PFA and 65% GGBS concretes was kept at a lower level after corrosion initiation, compared to the control specimens, presumably due to the restriction of oxygen and water access. However, it was less effective in increasing the chloride threshold level for steel corrosion. Hence, it is expected that the corrosion time for 30% PFA and 65% GGBS concrete containing recycled aggregate mostly equates to the corrosion-free life of control specimens.     

Influence of recycled aggregate quality and proportioning criteria on recycled concrete properties

This paper presents the results of experimental research using concrete produced by substituting part of the natural coarse aggregates with recycled aggregates from concrete demolition. The influence of the quality of the recycled aggregate (amount of declassified and source of aggregate), the percentage of replacement on the targeted quality of the concrete to be produced (strength and workability) has been evaluated. The granular structure of concrete and replacement criteria were analyzed in this study, factors which have not been analyzed in other studies. The following properties of recycled concretes were analyzed: density, absorption, compressive strength, elastic modulus, amount of occluded air, penetration of water under pressure and splitting tensile strength.A simplified test program was designed to control the costs of the testing while still producing sufficient data to develop reliable conclusions in order to make the number of tests viable whilst guaranteeing the reliability of the conclusions.Several factors were analyzed including the type of aggregate, the percentage of replacement, the type of sieve curve, the declassified content, the strength of concrete and workability of concrete and the replacement criteria. The type of aggregate and the percentage of replacement were the only factors that showed a clear influence on most of the properties.Compressive strength is clearly affected by the quality of recycled aggregates. If the water–cement ratio is kept constant and the loss of workability due to the effect of using recycled aggregate is compensated for with additives, the percentage of replacement of the recycled aggregate will not affect the compressive strength.The elastic modulus is affected by the percentage of replacement. If the percentage of replacement does not exceed 50%, the elastic modulus will only change slightly.     

Comparative environmental assessment of natural and recycled aggregate concrete

Constant and rapid increase in construction and demolition (C&D) waste generation and consumption of natural aggregate for concrete production became one of the biggest environmental problems in the construction industry. Recycling of C&D waste represents one way to convert a waste product into a resource but the environment benefits through energy consumption, emissions and fallouts reductions are not certain. The main purpose of this study is to determine the potentials of recycled aggregate concrete (concrete made with recycled concrete aggregate) for structural applications and to compare the environmental impact of the production of two types of ready-mixed concrete: natural aggregate concrete (NAC) made entirely with river aggregate and recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) made with natural fine and recycled coarse aggregate. Based on the analysis of up-to-date experimental evidence, including own tests results, it is concluded that utilization of RAC for low-to-middle strength structural concrete and non-aggressive exposure conditions is technically feasible. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is performed for raw material extraction and material production part of the concrete life cycle including transport. Assessment is based on local LCI data and on typical conditions in Serbia. Results of this specific case study show that impacts of aggregate and cement production phases are slightly larger for RAC than for NAC but the total environmental impacts depend on the natural and recycled aggregates transport distances and on transport types. Limit natural aggregate transport distances above which the environmental impacts of RAC can be equal or even lower than the impacts of NAC are calculated for the specific case study.     

Use of recycled fine aggregate in concretes with durable requirements

The use of construction waste materials as aggregates for concrete production is highly attractive compared to the use of non-renewable natural resources, promoting environmental protection and allowing the development of a new raw material. Several countries have recommendations for the use of recycled coarse aggregate in structural concrete, whereas the use of the fine fraction is limited because it may produce significant changes in some properties of concrete. However, during the last decade the use of recycled fine aggregates (RFA) has achieved a great international interest, mainly because of economic implications related to the shortage of natural sands suitable for the production of concrete, besides to allow an integral use of this type of waste. In this study, the durable behaviour of structural concretes made with different percentage of RFA (0%, 20%, and 30%) is evaluated. Different properties related to the durability of concretes such as absorption, sorptivity, water penetration under pressure, and carbonation are determined. In addition, the results of compressive strength, static modulus of elasticity and drying shrinkage are presented. The obtained results indicate that the recycled concretes have a suitable resistant and durable behaviour, according to the limits indicated by different international codes for structural concrete.     

Recycled lightweight concrete made from footwear industry waste and CDW

In this paper two types of recycled aggregate, originated from construction and demolition waste (CDW) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) waste, were used in the production of concrete. The EVA waste results from cutting off the EVA expanded sheets used to produce insoles and innersoles of shoes in the footwear industry. The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of the use of these recycled aggregates as replacements of the natural coarse aggregate, upon density, compressive strength, tensile splitting strength and flexural behavior of recycled concrete. The experimental program was developed with three w/c ratios: 0.49, 0.63 and 0.82. Fifteen mixtures were produced with different aggregate substitution rates (0%, 50% EVA, 50% CDW, 25% CDW–25% EVA and 50% CDW–50% EVA), by volume. The results showed that it is possible to use the EVA waste and CDW to produce lightweight concrete having semi-structural properties.     

Chemical-mineralogical characterisation of coarse recycled concrete aggregate

The construction industry is now putting greater emphasis than ever before on increasing recycling and promoting more sustainable waste management practices. In keeping with this approach, many sectors of the industry have actively sought to encourage the use of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) as an alternative to primary aggregates in concrete production. The results of a laboratory experimental programme aimed at establishing chemical and mineralogical characteristics of coarse RCA and its likely influence on concrete performance are reported in this paper. Commercially produced coarse RCA and natural aggregates (16-4 mm size fraction) were tested. Results of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses showed that original source of RCA had a negligible effect on the major elements and a comparable chemical composition between recycled and natural aggregates. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses results indicated the presence of calcite, portlandite and minor peaks of muscovite/illite in recycled aggregates, although they were directly proportioned to their original composition. The influence of 30%, 50%, and 100% coarse RCA on the chemical composition of equal design strength concrete has been established, and its suitability for use in a concrete application has been assessed. In this work, coarse RCA was used as a direct replacement for natural gravel in concrete production. Test results indicated that up to 30% coarse RCA had no effect on the main three oxides (SiO2, Al2O3 and CaO) of concrete, but thereafter there was a marginal decrease in SiO2 and increase in Al2O3 and CaO contents with increase in RCA content in the mix, reflecting the original constituent's composition.