共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 562 毫秒
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随着城市化的快速发展,城市人居环境问题越来越受到人们的普遍关注。在广泛听取专家意见的基础上选取人居环境质量评价指标,建立了城市人居环境质量评价指标体系。该指标体系分5个方面,包括社会经济发展程度、环境优美程度、资源承载程度、生活便利程度和公共设施建设程度。通过对评价指标量化分级,利用层次分析法确定权重后,对郑州市区最近5年的人居环境质量进行了评价,运用灰色系统GM(1,1)模型对郑州市区的人居环境质量进行了预测。结果表明,郑州市的人居环境整体不高,但是在城市化进程中郑州市的人居环境一直呈正向发展。 相似文献
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从人地关系的角度出发,构建自然-社会系统指标体系,对2000年、2005年、2007年和2010年长三角25座中心城市人居环境质量进行综合评价,并对人-地关系协调度进行分析,得出以下结论:①自然系统得分差异相对较小,社会系统得分差异相对较大;②自然系统的稳定态减轻了社会系统的差异特征,使综合得分差异相对缩小,但仍然较大;③大部分城市人居环境质量处于一般协调,人-地协调度呈“橄榄状”分布;④人居环境质量得分呈现等级性特征,上海、杭州、南京等城市的人居环境质量较高,而宿迁、淮安等城市的人居环境质量排名靠后. 相似文献
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城镇化背景下滇池流域生态系统健康评价指标体系研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
城镇化的快速发展对云南省滇池流域生态系统健康状况产生的影响日益突出和严重。在明晰流域生态系统健康概念及特征的基础上,阐述了城镇化背景下滇池流域生态系统健康评价指标体系的构建思路与选取原则。主要是:(1)以自然条件限制因子—城镇化影响因子—流域生态系统健康指示因子为评价结构,依据流域水、土和生物资源禀赋特征;(2)城镇化对流域土地利用、对流域水资源的质和量、对流域景观结构的影响;(3)流域健康的五大要素即活力、组织结构、恢复力、生态系统服务功能和人类健康,构建了滇池流域生态系统健康评价指标体系,以期为云南省滇池流域的生态健康评价及生态建设提供科学依据。 相似文献
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以流动人口聚居区为研究对象,构建流动人口聚居区人居环境市民化评价指标体系,评价北京市典型流动人口聚居区的人居环境市民化程度,分析流动人口聚居区人居环境市民化的类型分异特征,并在研究基础上提出不同空间类型流动人口聚居区人居环境市民化的提升路径。结果表明:流动人口聚居区人居环境市民化进程呈“由近及远”的圈层式空间推移过程,并高度依赖于土地城市化水平;流动人口聚居区人居环境市民化存在显著的类型分异。据此,提出近郊城中村型、近郊城市住宅型和远郊城中村型3类流动人口聚居区应分别采取重建提升模式、优化提升模式和存续提升模式,以高效、有针对性地提升流动人口聚居区人居环境,缩小流动人口与本地户籍人口的人居环境差距,实现流动人口市民化的发展目标。 相似文献
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伊犁河谷生态旅游资源环境分析及评价 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
伊犁河谷地理位置独特,特殊的气候及水文条件孕育了丰富的生态旅游资源,具备开展生态旅游的资源基础。从自然环境和人文环境两个方面分析了伊犁河谷生态旅游资源形成的条件,在对伊犁河谷生态旅游资源分类的基础上,采用定性与定量相结合的方法对伊犁河谷适宜开展生态旅游的景区(点)进行了综合评价,以期为制定伊犁河谷生态旅游开发与发展战略提供依据。 相似文献
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河长制是由各级党政主要负责人担任河长、负责辖区内河湖全面管理的机制性安排。福建生态文明试验区在全面推行河长制过程中,面临部分改革工作进展缓慢、效果不如预期等问题,亟待进行全面评估。本文剖析了河长制在生态文明试验区建设中的地位和作用,甄别了河长制与相关政策的逻辑联系,从政策过程的制定和执行阶段出发,通过指标法进行评估。所构建的指标体系包括一级指标2个、二级指标5个、三级指标39个,并给出各级指标权重,制定相应的评估标准。从得分情况来看,福建省全面推行河长制总分为0.90分,评估结果为优秀;从一级指标评估结果来看,政策执行阶段总体好于政策制定阶段;从二级指标得分来看,长效执行机制评估结果为良好,方案制定的评估结果为合格,其余为优秀;从三级指标得分来看,优良率达71.79%。在此基础上,从法律法规、政策协同、跨省协调、任务统筹、管护手段、社会参与等方面指出了存在的问题,并提出了有针对性的对策建议。 相似文献
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This study performed the first systematic evaluation of the success of habitat mitigation at establishing the threatened Valley elderberry longhorn beetle (Desmocerus californicus dimorphus) and its host plant, blue elderberry (Sambucus mexicana). Habitat mitigation performed through enforcement of the U.S. Endangered Species Act represents a tightly controlled form of habitat restoration, facilitating the evaluation of restoration practice. Restoration plantings of blue elderberry have been substantial in our study area, the Central Valley of California. Surveys of 30 mitigation sites and 16 nearby natural sites showed that mitigation sites were a fraction of the size of natural habitat areas (mean = 24%) and contained smaller shrubs. The beetle colonized 53% of mitigation sites and its populations were denser in sites with moderate levels of dead stems on elderberry shrubs, and moderate damage to elderberry stems and bark. This likely indicates that the beetle responds to stressed shrubs, which are likely to contain elevated levels of nitrogen. Beetle density also increased with the size and age of mitigation sites. This indicates a need to make restoration sites as large as possible and to monitor these sites for longer than current guidelines suggest, thereby allowing more time for convergence of natural and mitigation sites. Few factors examined here directly influenced the growth of elderberry shrubs, but elderberry grew more rapidly in sites closer to riparian areas, indicating that such sites should be favored for mitigation sites. 相似文献
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江苏省第三产业循环经济综合评价研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以第三产业循环经济发展综合研究作为立足点,构建了产业及社会发展、资源减量投入、资源再循环利用、污染减排、资源与环境安全五方面的评价指标体系,然后对收集的数据进行标准化处理、确定评价指标权重,最后进行综合评价;根据综合评价结果,1985—2003年间江苏省第三产业循环经济发展分为萌芽阶段(1985—1992年)、起步阶段(1993~1999年)、快速发展阶段(2000~2003年)三个阶段;由此得出江苏省第三产业循环经济在以较快的速度发展,但是由于资源利用效率较低,目前还处于循环经济发展的初级阶段;据此,论文根据江苏省循环经济发展现状提出政策建议,具体是:制定发展第三产业循环经济的相关政策、明确第三产业循环经济指导方针、总体定位和具体实施的途径、采取经济措施促进第三产业循环经济发展、激励循环利用技术的采用与推广、促进公共参与。 相似文献
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建立起农村地区空气自动站布点分布的综合指标评价体系。以城市污染扩散效应、土地利用、人口和地面粗糙度4类指标作为评价因子,选取5个主要属性指标参数,采用指标属性值与整个研究区域此属性加权平均值组合频率的方式量化属性值,并利用层次分析法得出5个属性指标的权值分布,最终在arcgis平台下利用格栅计算工具得出综合量化值,从而直观描绘出农村空气自动站布点密度空间分布图。本研究以四川省遂宁地区为对象,分析出了综合影响指标分布情况,并初步确定了遂宁地区农村空气自动站布点的代表性区域划分和布置点位个数。 相似文献
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Linyan Zhang Hong Jiang Xiaohua Wei Qiuan Zhu Shirong Liu Pengsen Sun Jingtao Liu 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2008,44(5):1154-1163
Abstract: Information on evapotranspiration (ET) can help us understand water balance, particularly in forested watersheds. Previous studies in China show that ET was relatively low (30‐40% of total precipitation) in the Minjiang Valley located in the upper reach of the Yangtze River Basin. However, this conclusion was derived from research on small‐scale watersheds (<100 km2). The objective of this paper was to present ET information on meso‐scale watersheds in the Minjiang Valley. Four meso‐scale watersheds (1,700‐5,600 km2) located in the Minjiang Valley were used to estimate ET using the water balance approach. We first generated forest vegetation variables (coniferous forest percentage, forest cover percentage, and derived forest vegetation index) using remote sensing data. Landsat 5 TM satellite images, acquired on June 26, 1994, were selected for the vegetation classification. Actual annual ET was calculated based on 11‐year estimated precipitation and measured streamflow data (1992‐2002). We also calculated potential ET (PET) using an improved Thornthwaite model for all four watersheds for the period of 1992‐1998. PET can provide additional information about potential capacity of water flux to atmosphere in the region. Seasonal (dry and rainy) PET and ET for all studied watersheds were also estimated for comparison purposes as the water balance approach, at shorter than annual scales, would likely provide inaccurate estimates of ET. The dominant vegetations in the Minjiang Valley were grasslands, conifer forests, and shrub‐lands. Our results confirmed that both ET and PET for three studied meso‐scale watersheds in the Minjiang Valley is relatively low (39.5‐43.8 and 28.2‐47.7% for ET and PET, respectively), with an exception of ET in the Yuzixi watershed being 71.1%. This result is generally consistent with previous research at small watershed scales. Furthermore, the low ET across various scales in the Minjiang Valley may be related to the unique deeply cut valley environment. 相似文献