假丝酵母菌对高浓度苯酚的降解效果及SDS对其生长影响

从含酚废水处理池污泥中驯化得到苯酚降解菌——假丝酵母菌FD-1,通过试验考察FD-1对高浓度苯酚废水的降解效果,以及十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)对高浓度苯酚废水中FD-1菌株生长的影响。试验表明,假丝酵母菌FD-1对苯酚的最大降解质量浓度为1 500 mg/L,降解时间为30 h。当苯酚质量浓度不超过1 000 mg/L时,添加适量的SDS可以显著提高苯酚降解速率,进而缩短苯酚降解时间,SDS的最佳投加量为100 mg/L,超过150 mg/L时FD-1生长受到抑制。     

阿维菌素废水生物处理研究进展

阿维菌素废水作为一种高浓度难降解有机废水,近年来成为研究的热点。本文介绍了阿维菌素废水特点,阐述了阿维菌素废水处理过程中的影响因素,处理技术现状及存在问题,并对阿维菌素废水处理的发展趋势做了分析和展望。     

低温等离子体在废水降解中的应用

介绍了应用低温等离子体降解废水的原理和应用前景。     

微电解-SBR组合工艺处理医药化工废水研究

医药化工废水作为一种高浓度、难降解有机废水,其预处理效果直接影响到最终出水水质.以硝基苯类废水为处理对象,采用先进微电解-SBR组合工艺技术进行处理试验.结果表明,经微电解处理医药废水硝基苯类、COD的去除率分别为93%和45%左右.废水的可生化性由约0.24提高到0.55.每吨废水处理成本为2.52元.     

焦化废水处理技术的应用与研究进展

焦化废水是一种典型的难降解有机废水.木文介绍了物化法、生物法和化学法等三类焦化废水处理技术的优缺点及应用和研究进展,可供焦化废水处理工艺技术选择和开发研究参考.     

超声波技术在焦化废水处理中的应用研究

以某焦化厂的焦化废水为研究对象,通过试验分析了超声功率、初始浓度、溶液pH、反应时间、空化气体及反应器中的静水压力等因素对超声降解焦化废水的影响,采用正交试验的方法确定了最佳的工艺条件.在最佳工艺条件下,对焦化废水中PAHs的脱除效果进行了分析.     

低温等离子体技术在净化环境中的应用

对低温等离子体处理废气、废水、废渣技术进行综合分析，介绍了低温等离子体降解废水废气的原理，概述了低温等离子体在治理环境污染中的应用研究进展情况，并指出其应用研究方向．     

GC-MS分析碱法草浆造纸废水中的有机污染物组成

碱法草浆造纸废水在酸性条件下经乙醚萃取--K-D浓缩器浓缩,采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用仪对其有机污染物进行了分析研究.结果表明,该废水中共含有29种有机物,其中主要为有机酸类,占有机物总量的50.84%.其次为难降解的呋喃类和毒性较大的苯环类有机物,它们分别占有机物总量的25.12%和13.53%.     

基于活性污泥微生物冻后再生对废水基质降解效能的研究

采用高径比为12.5的序批式反应器(SBR)对冷冻的成熟好氧颗粒污泥（AGS）解冻驯化,研究母体颗粒冻后富集培养及其在番茄废水基质降解中的循环利用。结果表明：冻后恢复活性的污泥第60天全部颗粒化,平均粒径不小于0.45 mm;高通量测序结果显示,相较母体颗粒,该污泥中与颗粒化相关的变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)优势菌群富集,微生物丰度呈显著差异（P<0.05）;复合菌株对COD、NH3-N和PO3-4-P去除率分别为98.9%、82.1%和82.2%,可实现番茄废水的有效降解。     

光催化处理技术研究进展

光催化技术是一种新兴的高效节能的现代处理技术。研究表明,用光催化氧化处理有机物的降解效果良好。文章综述了光催化处理的反应机理、提高半导体光催化剂活性的途径、几种光催化技术在废水、废气处理中的应用,以及光催化技术研究的发展方向。     

用活性污染指数法评价微污染水体的环境质量

针对水环境质量的均值污染指数评价方法的缺点,提出了利用活性污染指数法来评价微污染水体环境质量。随后在实例中对此方法进行了运用,并与均值污染指数法进行了比较,效果不错。     

苏州河氨化菌分布及生理生化研究

对苏州河氨化菌进行了生态调查,并对其进行了生理生化分析。研究结果表明,苏州河水体中氨化菌数量普遍较高,上游至下游氨化菌数量逐步增多。氨化菌数量与水体中总氮和氨氮呈正比,与硝酸盐成反比。     

烟气林格曼数监测新探

讨论了烟气格曼数与监测时间选择和计算取值方面存在的问题。认为在一个加煤燃烧周期内按一定间隔时间取值，然后取量大值与平均值之和和１／２作为监测结果有一定意义。并提出了一个表达方式，时时－林格曼数Ｂ＝１／ＴΣ（ｎ，ｉ＝１）。     

Bootstrapping to investigate the effect of number of macroinvertebrate samples on confidence limits of the mean

A resampling technique (bootstrapping) was used to evaluate the effects of increasing sample number on the confidence limits of mean density and the mean number of taxa (Families) in addition to the performance of four different sampling devices used to collect macroinvertebrates in three streams of contrasting anthropogenic impact. The four sampling devices were a Hess sampler, a modified Hess sampler equipped with an internal water pump, a Surber sampler, and a two-pole kick-net. In general, confidence limits decreased predictably as the number of samples increased, most notably with the addition of a third sample. The density of organisms captured with the Surber sampler was significantly lower than that of the Hess sampler but greater than that of the kick-net sampler. No significant difference in the number of Families was found among sampling devices. Based upon a minimal 10% reduction in confidence limits compared to the previous sample, a minimum of four replicates was suggested when using the Surber sampler. In general, other methods required a greater number of replicates that the Surber to adequately represent density, but this did not hold when applied to the number of taxa. Despite the inconvenience of having to bend down to use the Surber sampler, this study found no evidence to reject its apparent popularity as a sampling method for macroinvertebrates.     

中国电器电子产品生产者责任延伸制度的实施成效评估

以2012—2019年中国电器电子产品规范拆解处理数据为依据，分年度和区域分析了中国在电器电子产品领域推行生产者责任延伸制度所取得的成效，发现每千人收集台数、环境敏感性物质收集指数、可直接再生利用资源产出率等指标稳步增长。此外，通过求解Pearson相关系数并运用典型相关分析发现，在较高置信水平下，第一组指标（年度废弃电器电子产品处理基金核准补贴金额、从业企业数量、企业平均处理能力）和第二组指标（每千人废弃产品收集数量、环境敏感物质收集指数、可直接再生利用资源产出率），各指标两两之间显示出极强的相关度，且2个指标组的线性组合呈正相关。研究发现在一定前提条件下，通过增加从业企业数量，提高补贴金额或增大企业处理能力，能够促进每千人收集数量或环境敏感性物质收集指数2项指标的提升，但导致可直接再生利用资源产出率指标下降。     

迪斯科舞厅噪声监测适用性问题的探讨

针对迪斯科舞厅等娱乐文化场所噪声监测中存在的问题 ,分析了现行噪声标准评价量的局限性及现行厂界噪声测试方法的可操作性 ,对噪声的评价量、脉冲噪声的测量和非周期性非稳态噪声的测量方法提出了建议     

Ratio and population density of psammolittoral meiofauna as a perturbation indicator of sandy beaches in South Africa

Since 1975, pollution surveys have been carried out along the South African south and west coasts as part of a monitoring program of unpolluted areas and known and anticipated impact areas. To evaluate these data a reference or baseline level was needed. In unpolluted beaches a close relationship between meiofauna and sediment grain size was found and granulometric analysis was found to be important. This relationship was used to evaluated perturbation effects. It was found that contamination by chemical effluent depressed numbers of the nematodes and harpacticoids drastically. Mechanical perturbation increased the number of harpacticoid copepods but did not affect nematode densities. Oil in beaches decreased the number of harpacticoids, while normal nematode densities were found. Organic enrichment increased the number of nematodes, harpacticoid numbers remained normal while the perturbation effect due to sewage increased the number of both taxa.Explanations for these effects are given, together with related chemical analyses. The application of these results to other sandy beaches elsewhere is discussed briefly.     

Monitoring of Particle Mass and Number in Urban Air

Measurements of aerosol particles in the air of an urban area in the UK have been made. Ambient air was sampled and the particulates measured after passing through a size selective PM₁₀ inlet. Particle mass was measured using a Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM). Particle number and size distributions were obtained using an Electrical Aerosol Analyser (EAA) and an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS). Measurements were also made of local meteorological parameters. Fine particle number concentrations were found to show better temporal agreement, including diurnal variation, with particle mass concentrations than the coarser particle number concentrations.     

环境监测测量结果有效数字位数应用中常见问题的探讨

对于环境监测结果的有效数字位数,本文澄清了一些模糊观念,指出了一些常见错误,明确了一些应用方法,进而将有关问题系统化,提出了有效数字体系.     

Marine Eutrophication: A Proposed Data Analysis Procedure For Assessing Spatial Trends

A methodology for the discrimination of the different trophic levels at a spatial scale in the marine environment is proposedusing spatial analysis methods and non-parametric statistics. Phytoplankton cell number, being a representative parameter to express trophic trends in the marine ecosystem is selected forthe methodology development; Saronicos Gulf, Greece is used for the case study. The proposed stepwise methodology includes interpolation for assessing the spatial distribution of phytoplankton cell number, division of the Gulf into a number of quadrates, development of a scale characterising trophic levels and finally characterisation of the trophic state ofeach quadrate using non-parametric statistics. The advantages of this methodology and the potential applications in coastal management studies are also discussed.