共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
结合武汉市湖泊特点及分析湖泊污染带来的危害,叙述了一种以引江灌湖为主的生态恢复技术——物理生态工程,它包括:引江灌湖模式;光合耗营养盐系统;鱼类除营养盐、抑藻系统;底栖、浮游动物控营养盐系统和面源截营养盐系统。并从理论及过去他人的研究实例中阐述其可行性。 相似文献
2.
3.
湖水源热泵系统尾水排放对湖泊富营养化进程的影响研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以重庆市开县人民医院湖水源热泵工程为例,通过对该工程运行期间尾水受纳湖泊水域水温、氮、磷和浮游植物的长期监测,研究了湖水源热泵系统尾水对湖泊富营养化进程的影响。结果表明,夏季系统的长期运行导致了排放口附近水域水温的升高;当系统温排水水温在30℃以下时,温排水造成的温升使得排放口附近氮、磷含量升高,蓝、绿藻数量大幅增加,加速了湖泊的富营养化进程;当温排水水温达到33℃以上时,过高的温度会抑制藻类的生长。冷排水使湖泊排放口近水域浮游植物总量降低,且硅藻占总藻的比例增大,冷排水同时抑制了蓝藻和其他一些藻类的生长,对湖泊富营养化有一定缓解作用。但另一方面,由于温差较小,且冷排水的扰动作用加速了湖泊沉积物中营养盐的释放,因而冷排水对湖泊富营养化进程又有一定促进作用。 相似文献
4.
为揭示大屯海和长桥海表层沉积物粒度及营养盐分布特征,测定蒙自盆地两大浅水湖泊共计65个样品的粒度、总有机碳(TOC)和总氮(TN),分析上述指标的空间分布及其相关性。结果显示,湖泊表层沉积物以粉砂和黏土为主,粉砂是研究区表层沉积物的优势粒度,反映了水动力状况;粒度空间分布特征与入湖河流有关。大屯海表层沉积物TOC和TN质量分数分别为1.91%~8.78%、0.21%~0.81%,而长桥海为0.17%~4.70%、0.01%~0.53%。大屯海表层沉积物TN、TOC与黏土呈负相关,与砂呈正相关。两大湖泊属于浅水型湖泊,水动力强,TN和TOC分布主要受控于表层沉积物中粗颗粒和水动力状况;表层沉积物中TN和TOC主要分布在远岸深水至较深水的湖心静水区,形成类似于同心圆状的分布特征,表层沉积物是湖泊富营养化的潜在内源。 相似文献
5.
西湖北里湖沉积物磷形态分布及其与间隙水磷的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
杭州西湖是典型的富营养化浅水湖泊。经过环湖截污等工程措施,影响西湖的外污染源得到有效的治理,但西湖仍处于富营养化状态。在外污染源得到控制后,富含营养盐的沉积物成为西湖水质改善的主要限制因子。通过研究西湖北里湖沉积物中磷的赋存形态和丰度、间隙水磷含量垂向时空分布特征,分析沉积物磷形态与间隙水磷含量的相关性,探讨内源磷对西湖北里湖营养盐的贡献作用。结果表明,北里湖沉积物中活性磷含量较低,不同磷形态及其含量在垂向上呈现一定的波动,没有表现出明显的规律。间隙水总可溶性磷(TDP)和PO34-含量随沉积物深度的变化不明显,但其含量总体在垂向上都有先升高后降低的趋势,与沉积物中各形态磷均具有一定的正相关性。因此,沉积物磷对水体富营养化具有一定的贡献。 相似文献
6.
7.
底泥营养盐的释磷对富营养化湖泊的影响 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
富营养化是中国湖泊的重大环境问题。当湖泊的污染外源受到控制以后,由于沉积物(底泥)中营养盐内负荷的存在和释放,湖泊仍然可以发生富营养化。底泥营养盐就成为湖泊富营养化的主导因子,特别是溶解态的磷会逐步释放,成为水体富营养化的主导因子。沉积物中磷的循环在一定程度上决定着富营养化的进程,对水体磷含量有深刻的影响。结合国内外研究动态,对底泥磷形态、磷释放与水体水质的关系作了概述,并对底泥磷释放的研究方向以及控制湖泊富营养化发表了一些见解。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
以某地A、B、C三湖为例,介绍了湖泊饮用水源环境污染的成因及现状,着重指出了危害严重的富营养化的藻类毒素,最后阐述了受污染湖泊地区的饮用水水质状况、毒物种类、含量标准及防治控制方法。 相似文献
11.
The response of a biogeochemical lake model (BIOLA) to different eutrophication management actions has been studied in a eutrophic lake. Management actions included in the study were nutrient load reduction, sediment manipulation, biomanipulation, and herbicide application. The model was used to simulate nutrient and biomass concentrations in the lake during the 1990s. During the same period, management scenarios were also simulated. Several ecological parameters were calibrated to better simulate the behavior of the chosen lake, but there were still some difficulties with phosphate. This indicated that further model development is necessary. The most favorable development within the lake was found for scenarios with nutrient load reduction and biomanipulation through planktivorous fish reduction. Reducing both the nitrogen and phosphorus loads had a greater effect on the lake's water quality than simply reducing just one of the nutrients. 相似文献
12.
13.
Lake Nainital is the sole source of drinking water for the local people and even to majority of tourists. In background of lake utility and its importance at national level, such study is essential which is focused on toxic metal pollution and current nutrient status of the lake and their magnification by algae and macrophytes. Study has shown that lake water is rich in nutrients which supports growth of many aquatic macrophytes and algal blooms. Besides, water is contaminated with metals like Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. Concentration of some of them like Fe, Pb and Ni were higher than the recommended maximum permissible limits. Concentration of these metals were also found high in lake sediments. The level of metals amongst various components of lake varied considerably in different season. Plants and algae growing therein accumulated appreciable amount of metals and water roots of Salix being more efficient than others. High metal removing potential of these plants may be significant for biomonitoring studies and could be a useful phytoremediation technology to restore water quality by harvesting submerged and floating biomass inhabiting littoral zone of the lake. 相似文献
14.
大莲湖生态修复工程对水质影响的研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
大莲湖是淀山湖水系中富营养化程度较为严重的湖泊,从2008年12月起,为了改善水质,重建大莲湖生态环境,采取了塑造地型、设计护坡、调整水系、配置植物、构建快速渗透系统等措施治理大莲湖,分析了生态工程完工后半年多来大莲湖水质变化状况;结果表明:经过生态修复后,其水质得到明显改善,COD、总氮和总磷分别比生态区外的鱼塘下降了68%、62%和74%;氨氮平均为0.27 mg/L,亚硝态氮平均0.02 mg/L,叶绿素a平均下降了72%。因此,将工程措施与生物净化方法有机结合在一起,并因地制宜地构建快速渗透系统是湖泊治理的一条有效途径,该修复工程的成功实施也为其他生态修复工程提供了技术支持。 相似文献
15.
Runoff effect on eutrophic lake water quality and heavy metal distribution in recent littoral sediment 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Multivariate statistical methods (hierarchical clustering analysis: HCA, and principal component analysis: PCA) were used to study the influence of runoff and other diffuse pollution sources on lake water chemistry of Hough Park lake in Central Missouri. In addition, heavy metal concentrations in lake littoral sediment were evaluated for enrichment and probable ecological risk. The abundance of macronutrients in the lake water column followed the order: Ca > Mg > TIC > K > Na > S > NO3 - N > Fe > NH3 - N > TP. Heavy metal concentrations in the lake water column were below acute and chronic level ecological guidelines. TN:TP ratios (range: 4.1-6.8) revealed nitrogen limitation of algal and other photosynthetic plant growth. The HCA showed two major clusters of similarity between the sampling points suggesting different pollution levels for the clusters. PCA 1, 2 and 3 reflected the influence of natural biochemical processes, atmospheric deposition and runoff respectively on lake water chemistry. The abundance of heavy metals and the normalizing element (Li) in littoral sediment (<63 μm fraction) samples analyzed in decreasing order were: Mn > Zn > Cr > Ni > Li > Cu > Pb > Cd > Hg. The average concentration of Cr, Mn and Ni in littoral sediment fraction exceeded the respective lowest effects level (LEL) threshold limit. Metal bioavailability in sediment fraction was low since the most labile metal species contained between 0% and 11% of the total metal content. Using the risk assessment code (RAC) criteria, only Mn posed a medium risk to the lake system. 相似文献
16.
Zhi Wang Zhiyong Zhang Junqian Zhang Yingying ZhangHaiqing Liu Shaohua Yan 《Chemosphere》2012,89(10):1255-1261
An ecological engineering project using water hyacinth for nutrient removal was performed in Baishan Bay of a large shallow eutrophic lake, Lake Dianchi in China. In the present study, a systematic survey of water quality, macrozoobenthos and zooplankton inside (IWH), around (AWH) and far away (FWH) water hyacinth mats was conducted in Baishan Bay from August to October 2010. The results showed that the water quality significantly improved at AWH area. Concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus were lower and transparency was higher at AWH area than those in IWH and FWH areas. Total densities, dominant species densities, and biodiversity indexes of macrozoobenthos and cladocerans as well as copepods did not differ (P > 0.05) among each other in all three areas. It was significantly (P < 0.05) different for those of rotifers at IWH area compared to those in AWH and FWH areas. The results might suggest a tremendous potential for the utilization of water hyacinth in the eutrophic lake like Lake Dianchi for nutrients removal. 相似文献
17.
太湖内源释放及营养盐输运研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从对流-扩散方程出发,通过公式推导,建立了包含底泥污染的水流-水质模型,对模型进行了率定和验证后,应用于太湖.该模型将湖泊水相和内源悬移相污染作为一个整体,结合污染物在悬移泥沙上的各种迁移过程,研究了太湖总氮、总磷内源释放的分布和数量,过程中考虑了悬移泥沙的各种影响因素,得到了较理想的模拟结果,当风速≤3.5 m/s时,冲刷和悬移造成的内源污染物释放量较小,内源污染物释放主要通过泥-水界面的静态释放;当风速>3.5 m/s时,冲刷和悬移造成的内源污染物释放量随风速增加迅速增大.通过计算得出2001年太湖内源释放的总氮为3.0万t,总磷为0.8万t. 相似文献
18.
Blomqvist P 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2001,111(2):333-348
Enclosure experiments aimed to assess the role of Chaoborus larvae in regulating lower trophic levels under natural and nutrient-enriched conditions were performed in situ in the dimictic, oligotrophic clearwater Lake Njupfatet, central Sweden. One experiment was performed before, and one after, whole-lake calcite treatment. In the acidic system, total planktonic biomass (TPB; the sum of phyto-, bacterio-, protozoo-, and metazooplankton), dominated by the cyanobacterium Merismopedia, was only weakly stimulated by the nutrients while the predator had no effect. In the limed environment, TPB increased strongly in response to the nutrients in combination with a negative response to the predator. Principally phytoplankton, but also bacterioplankton and protozooplankton (ciliates) were stimulated by the nutrients. It is argued that Merismopedia acted as a dead-end in the energy flow in the acidic system. Liming resulted in the disappearance of Merismopedia and this opened the flow of material to higher trophic levels. Since liming also led to a significant reduction in the concentrations of phosphorus in the lake water, it is proposed that a combination of liming and gentle fertilization might be used to restore the productivity of acidified lakes. 相似文献
19.
20.
人工湖需水量是指维持湖区水量平衡、满足人工湖水质目标的供水量,人工湖需水量确定是人工湖水体工程设计的主要内容之一。以上虞滨海新城建设的人工湖为例,分析了人工湖建成后的可能污染源,采用TP质量守恒模型,预测了不同生活污水截污率、生态措施作用前后的人工湖需水量及水质要求。结果表明,当生活污水截污率为100%时,若供水TP≤0.10mg/L,则人工湖需水量为240万t/a;当生活污水截污率为95%时,若供水TP=0.05mg/L,不考虑生态措施作用,则人工湖需水量为1 600万t/a;当生活污水截污率为95%时,若供水TP=0.05mg/L,在生态措施作用下人工湖需水量为730万t/a。 相似文献