新生MnO2对甲基橙废水的脱色特性研究

以化学法合成的新生MnO2作吸附剂，对水中甲基橙染料进行吸附脱色研究，探讨了影响吸附的因素和吸附机理。结果表明：新生Mn2对甲基橙的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式，吸附速率大，吸附前溶液pH值是影响染料脱色效果的最主要因素，吸附后溶液pH和温度影响较小。在实验条件下可使甲基橙脱色率达99％。     

纳米TiO2光催化降解直接耐晒蓝的研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法以钛酸四丁酯制备TiO2纳米粉末，考察不同温度焙烧的TiO2催化剂对直接耐晒蓝的光催化降解性能，并用XRD和TEM对催化剂进行了表征．结果表明，400-550℃焙烧的TiO2使直接耐晒蓝溶液的颜色逐渐褪去。最后将苯环结构分解。6h时染料溶液CODcr降解率为88％．降解产物中除含极微量有机酸外，其余均为无机物．当TiO2的焙烧温度为475℃时(颗粒大小为10-20nm)，反应速率最大，为0．0186min^-1，分别比焙烧温度为400℃和550℃时的反应速率大6．8和7．1倍．当体系起始pH值为4．50-7．52时，反应速率随pH值的降低而增大。     

曲霉WZ-2对染料脱色研究

从废水池污泥中分离到一株染料脱色曲霉ＷＺ－２,它对不同染料均有较好的脱色效果。在３３￣４０℃温度范围内ＷＺ－２对活性桃红ＫＤ－８Ｂ的脱色率为８４％￣９８％,最佳脱色温度为３３℃,ｐＨ值在４．０￣７．０范围内ＷＺ－２对直接耐晒翠蓝ＧＬ的脱色率为８３％￣９６％,最佳脱色ｐＨ为６．０,碳源、氮源及接种量对其脱色率均有影响,染料脱色物的紫外－可见光谱分析表明,可见光区５２０ｎｍ处的吸收峰完全消失,而紫外光     

不同染料化合物在天然锰矿界面的脱色特性

本文考察了染料化合物在天然锰矿界面脱色特性，并探讨溶液ｐＨ值、环境温度、不 照射及颗粒物浓度和粒径对脱色效果的影响。实验表明，溶液ｐＨ值是影响染料脱色效果的最主要因素，光照对不同染料化合物脱色有不同程度的影响。颗粒物浓度升高及粒径降低有利于染料脱色，温度升高，直接耐晒红Ｆ３Ｂ脱色率提高，将不同温度下，该染料脱色率随时间的变化按一级反应动力学方程模拟，再依据阿累尼乌斯方程，求得直接耐晒红Ｆ３Ｂ在天然     

水中直接染料的多相催化脱色的试验条件研究

实验结果表明，金属氧化物催化剂与活性炭和过氧化氢配合使用，对直接染料有很高的催化脱色率。反应进行迅速，以直接耐酸大红4BS和直接红棕RN为代表的正交实验表明影响催化脱色作用的主要因素为催化剂，其次是活性炭和过氧化氢。直接深蓝L－3RB，直接铜蓝2R，直接黑L－3BQ，直接耐晒黄RS，直接青莲RB等的最大脱色率为92.9%-99.5%。     

新型絮凝剂凝集水中染料的研究

本文介绍了新近开发的ＪＡＺ型絮凝剂对水样中活性艳蓝ＫＮ－Ｒ，直接深棕Ｍ，酸性墨水蓝Ｇ，酸生媒介藏青ＡＧＬＯ，直接耐晒蓝Ｂ２ＲＬ，弱酸性黄ＨＧ等代表性染料的凝集效果及其影响因素。酸性墨水蓝的脱色随ｐＨ值增加而增加，其他染料的最佳脱色区从酸性到中性。在染料起始浓度为１００ｍｇ／Ｌ￣５００ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内，酸性媒介藏青的Ｋ值（色度降至８０时絮凝剂投药量对染料的比值）为２左右，其他染料的ｋ值在１．０以下。直     

蒙脱土协同新生MnO_2对甲基橙模拟废水的脱色研究

研究了蒙脱土协同新生MnO2对甲基橙的吸附脱色性能,结果表明:蒙脱土能够明显地改善新生MnO2在水中的分散性与吸附性,大大提高了新生MnO2对甲基橙的吸附能力,脱色率的提高是二者协同作用的结果.该复合吸附剂具有较快的吸附速度,吸附动力学数据能很好地符合Lagergren二级速率方程.溶液pH值是影响染料脱色的最主要因素,在pH 7及常温条件下,当新生MnO2/蒙脱土的比例为40 mg/1.0g, 甲基橙的浓度为20 mg·l-1, 吸附50 min时,甲基橙的去除率可达96.5%.     

黄孢原毛平革菌对染料和印染废水的降解

白腐真菌黄孢原毛平革菌在合成木素过氧化物酶的限碳培养条件下，可以降解酶性、直接、活性、阳离子等多种类型的印染工业染料、在培养的d5木素过氧化物酶活力最高时，分别加入酸性染料卡布龙红和弱酸大红，质量浓度（ρ/mgL^-1)分别为25、50、100和12．5、25．50，48h后培养液基本脱色，较高浓度下菌膜上有残余染料吸附，5d后染料质量降解率分别是100％、88％、92％和58％、58％、65％、38％。以含有上述两种染料的印染废水置换培养液，并加入葡萄糖1g/L，黄孢原毛平革菌可以直接使废水脱色，菌丝可以重复培养脱色废水至少5批，每批废水的脱色率均大于90％，5批废水总的染料质量降解率约为80％，在重复培养脱色废水的过程中，测不到木素过氧化物酶的活力，说明废水中的染料分子是在细胞表面或进入胞内被降解的，若加入的葡萄糖浓度降低一半以上，菌丝脱色废水的效果将有所下降，图5表5参11     

两种常用阳离子染料O_3氧化特性的研究

本文研究了两种常用阳离子染料—半菁类的阳离子桃红FG和二氮半菁类的阳离子艳蓝RL在水溶液和染色废水中的O_3氧化特性。实验结果表明:脱色率可达99％以上;就脱色而言,在水溶液中的臭氧氧化指数分别为2.67和2.85,其废水的COD_(Cr)去除率与废水水质有关,COD_(Cr)去除率范围为15～40％。     

青霉菌对活性艳蓝 KN-R的吸附作用

研究了青霉菌(Penicillium X5)对活性艳蓝KN—R的吸附作用．通过对培养液的波谱分析和宏观现象的观察，结果表明，在72h内，脱色是由吸附引起的．当染料的浓度为100mg/L时，活菌体对染料的吸附率可达88．66％．本实验还研究了对实际应用和吸附过程有影响的几个因素，包括葡萄糖、NaCl、温度和pH.结果表明：葡萄糖浓度在0-20g／L时，随着葡萄糖浓度的增加，菌体的干重相应增加，说明对活性艳蓝KN—R的吸附具有促进作用，但浓度在10-20g／L时，吸附作用不显著；而随着NaCl浓度(0-2％)的增加，吸附率却显著降低．最佳脱色温度为25℃，pH为4．0．活菌体与死菌体的生物吸附均符合Langmuir方程，活菌体比死菌体具有更好的吸附性能．吸附在菌丝体上的染料可以用甲酵进行洗脱，菌丝球在下次使用前用蒸馏水冲洗至pH中性，此菌丝球可重复使用3次．固8表2参11     

Fe-Mn-sepiolite as an effective heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for the decolorization of reactive brilliant blue

A study of the decolorization of reactive brilliant blue in an aqueous solution using Fe-Mn-sepiolite as a heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst has been performed. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the catalyst showed bending vibrations of the Fe-O. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the catalyst showed characteristic diffraction peaks of α-Fe₂O₃, γ-Fe₂O₃ and MnO. A four factor central composite design (CCD) coupled with response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to evaluate and optimize the important variables (catalyst addition, hydrogen peroxide dosage, initial pH value and initial dye concentration). When the reaction conditions were catalyst dosage= 0.4 g, [H₂O₂]= 0.3 mL, pH= 2.5, [reactive brilliant blue]_o = 50 mg·L⁻¹, and volume of solution= 500 mL at room temperature, the decolorization efficiency of reactive brilliant blue was 91.98% within 60 min. Moreover, the Fe-Mn-sepiolite catalyst had good stability for the degradation of reactive brilliant blue even after six cycles. Leaching of iron ions (<0.4 mg·L⁻¹) was observed. The decoloring process was reactive brilliant blue specific via a redox reaction. The benzene ring and naphthalene ring were first oxidized to open ring; these were then oxidized to the alcohol and carboxylic acid. The reactive brilliant blue was decomposed mainly by the attack of ·OH radicals including surface-bound ·OH radicals generated on the catalyst surface.     

Adsorption property of direct fast black onto acid-thermal modified sepiolite and optimization of adsorption conditions using Box-Behnken response surface methodology

The adsorption of direct fast black onto acid-thermal modified sepiolite was investigated. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the influences of experimental parameters such as initial dye concentration, initial solution pH and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption process. The three-factor and three-level Box-Behnken response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized for modeling and optimization of the adsorption conditions for direct fast black onto the acid-thermal modified sepiolite. The raw sepiolite was converted to acid-thermal modified sepiolite, and changes in the fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) adsorption bands of the sample were noted at 3435 cm^-1 and 1427 cm^-1. The zeolitic water disappeared and the purity of sepiolite was improved by acid-thermal modification. The decolorization rate of direct fast black adsorbed increased from 68.2% to 98.9% on acid-thermal modified sepiolite as the initial solution pH decreased from 10 to 2. When the adsorbent dosage reached to 2.5 g·L^-1, 2.0 g·L^-1, 1.5 g·L^-1 and 1.0 g·L^-1, the decolorization rate was 90.3%, 86.7%, 61.0% and 29.8%, respectively. When initial dye concentration increased from 25 to 200 mg·L^-1, the decolorization rate decreased from 91.9% to 60.0%. The RSM results showed that the interaction between adsorbent dosage and pH to be a significant factor. The optimum conditions were as follows: the adsorbent dosage 1.99 g·L^-1, pH 4.22, and reaction time 5.2 h. Under these conditions, the decolorization rate was 95.1%. The three dimensional fluorescence spectra of direct fast black before and after treatment showed that the direct fast black was almost all adsorbed by the acid-thermal modified sepiolite.     

电化学在线制备高铁氧化脱色偶氮染料酸性红B的研究

模拟染料废水自身的碱度为电化学在线制备高铁提供了碱性环境，研究高铁氧化酸性红B．结果表明，在氢氧化钠投加量为10g，电流强度为1A，连续搅拌的条件下，酸性红B在3h后的脱色率可达到90％以上，增大酸性红B的初始浓度，脱色去除率可达到同样的效果，但高铁在单位时间内处理的量相对增大，高铁在线脱色酸性红B的化学氧化反应符合一级反应动力学，同时，根据UV—Vis谱图和模拟电极反应进程对电化学生成高铁氧化酸性红B的降解机理作了初步的探讨．     

吸附菌HX5对活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附脱色作用

研究了吸附菌HX5对活性艳蓝KNR的吸附脱色作用,碳源、氮源、盐度和染料浓度对KNR吸附脱色的影响,以及HX5生长菌体对KNR的脱色机理.结果表明,菌株HX5对KNR脱色的最佳碳、氮源分别为葡萄糖和硫酸铵;碳源浓度在10g/L以上时,可使200mg/L的KNR完全脱色,碳源浓度过高,脱色效果不显著;HX5对KNR脱色的最佳氮源浓度为0.75g/L,在0～2%的浓度范围内,盐度对脱色无显著影响;染料对菌株HX5具有一定的生长抑制毒性,但对于400mg/L的KNR,脱色率仍可达95.1%;HX5生长菌体对KNR作用96h内主要为生物吸附作用,96h外则可能发生了生物降解.图5表2参9     

复合脱色絮凝剂的制备及其在活性艳红X-3B染料废水处理中的应用

以双氰胺和甲醛为主原料,在添加改性剂的条件下制备了改性双氰胺-甲醛缩聚物,并直接与硫酸亚铁复合成脱色絮凝剂;以活性艳红X-3B染料废水的脱色率和CODCr去除率为考核指标,探讨了硫酸亚铁投加方式、复合质量比、pH等因素对活性艳红X-3B处理效果的影响。研究结果表明,在一定投加量下,复合脱色絮凝剂处理活性艳红X-3B染料废水的脱色率和COD去除率分别为99%和约75%左右。     

纳米TiO2催化声化学降解酸性红B的研究

以经过高温活化处理的锐钛型纳米TiO2为催化剂,考察了各种因素对酸性红B溶液超声降解反应的影响。结果表明:锐钛型纳米TiO2对酸性红B溶液超声降解反应具有明显的催化作用,其降解效果明显好于单纯使用超声波降解。超声频率40 kHz,输出功率50 W,催化剂用量0.5 g/L,pH=3.0,酸性红B溶液的初始浓度20 mg/L的条件下,60 min降解率即可达80%左右,120 min基本降解完全。因此,纳米锐钛型TiO2催化超声降解偶氮染料的方法切实可行,而且具有良好的应用前景。     

絮凝剂P(AM-DMC)对活性艳红K-2BP的脱色作用

絮凝剂P(AM-DMC)对染料活性艳红K-2BP具有很好的脱色及去除CODCr性能,脱色率和CODCr去除率分别为97.18%、75.7%。脱色效果受絮凝剂用量、电荷密度、特性粘度、外加盐浓度及溶液pH值影响。红外光谱、可见吸收光谱及电荷量分析表明,P(AM-DMC)对活性艳红K-2BP的絮凝脱色过程中电荷中和起着重要作用,絮凝剂分子中的—N+(CH3)结构与染料分子中的-SO3-发生化学反应,同时也有分子间氢键形成,从而使水中染料分子聚集沉降。     

Anaerobic degradation kinetics of reactive dye with different carbon sources

This study aims to investigate the anaerobic degradation kinetics of reactive dye, C.I. Reactive Red 141 (Evercion Red H-E7B) by partially granulated anaerobic mixed culture using three carbon sources, namely modified starch (MS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and acrylic size (AS) during batch incubation. There is a first-order kinetics reaction in the decolorization processes using MS and PVA as carbon sources, while a zero-order kinetics relationship describes the decolorization process for the AS carbon source. The k values and color removal rate of decolorization with MS carbon source was higher than those of PVA and AS carbon sources. This is because the MS carbon source was well degraded in comparison to AS and PVA, respectively This study also found dye reduction could be enhanced through the addition of MS as a carbon source. The decolorization rates increased with decrease in dye concentrations of RR 141. In contrast, the decolorization rates increased with increase in COD concentration.