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为了进一步了解反硝化聚磷菌(DPB)污泥质量浓度(MLSS)对反硝化除磷过程的影响,进行一系列厌氧、缺氧模拟试验.研究考察DPB污泥的MLSS对厌氧释磷、缺氧反硝化吸磷的影响。结果表明:MLSS越高,释、吸磷速率及反硝化速率越高;MLSS对释、吸磷比速率和反硝化比速率的影响较小;厌氧总释磷量由污水中可利用COD的多少决定,DPB污泥的MLSS只影响到达释磷平衡的时间:污水中含氮量偏低引起反硝化吸磷段NO3^-不足时,DPB污泥厌氧释磷量高于反硝化吸磷量.MLSS越高经缺氧反硝化吸磷处理后水中含磷量越高。 相似文献
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污泥龄对A/A/O工艺反硝化除磷的影响 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
以实际生活污水培养驯化污泥的小试规模A/A/O工艺为研究对象,进行了污泥龄(SRT)为8、10、12和15 d时对反硝化除磷的影响研究.结果表明,随着污泥龄的延长,反硝化除磷对系统除磷所起的作用越大,反硝化聚磷菌缺氧利用单位PHAs的反硝化数量和吸磷量也迅速增加,聚磷菌好氧利用单位PHAs的吸磷量并没有受到影响,以SRT为12 d时反硝化除磷和系统脱氮除磷效果为最好.结果还表明,去除单位氮所需COD数量随污泥龄的延长呈减少趋势,而去除单位磷所需COD数量呈增大趋势.对于我国典型的城市污水而言,SRT为12 d和15 d时去除单位氮和磷所需的外碳源数量较8 d时要低,从而使反硝化除磷作用可真正地达到节省碳源和能源的目的. 相似文献
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污泥龄及pH值对反硝化除磷工艺效能的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
以SBR成功富集后的反硝化聚磷菌(DPBs)为研究对象,分别考察了污泥龄(SRT,35、25、15 d)及pH值(7.5、8.0、8.5)对反硝化除磷过程的影响.结果表明,SRT从35d缩短至25d,使活性污泥浓度(MLVSS)从2821 mg·L-1降低为2301 mg·L-1,而污泥负荷(F/M,以COD/MLVSS计)从0.256kg·(kg·d)-1增加至0.312 kg·(kg·d)-1,虽然净释磷量及净吸磷量有所下降,但是由于污泥活性的增加,此阶段厌氧释磷、缺氧吸磷及比反硝化速率均达到最高,分别为25.07、15.92及9.45 mg·(g·h)-1,污泥含磷率从4.78%升为5.33%,出水PO43--P浓度保持在0.5 mg·L-1以下,即PO43--P去除率稳定在95%以上;当SRT进一步缩短为15d时,MLVSS低至1448 mg·L-1,污泥中DPBs占聚磷菌(PAOs)的比例从82.4%骤降为65.7%,表明过短的SRT使得DPBs逐渐从系统中流失,此阶段污泥含磷率降至3.43%,释磷、吸磷及比反硝化速率亦出现不同程度的降低.随着pH值的升高(7.5~8.0),厌氧释磷及缺氧吸磷速率也升高,pH值为8.0时分别达到25.86mg·(g·h)-1和16.62 mg·(g·h)-1;当pH超过8.0后,除磷效率快速下降,推测为磷化学沉淀导致. 相似文献
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以低C/N比生活污水为研究对象,接种成熟除磷颗粒污泥,通过联合调控好氧时间及曝气强度成功将其诱导成具有同步短程硝化反硝化除磷功能的颗粒污泥,并分析了此过程中系统脱氮除磷特性变化.结果表明,好氧段曝气强度为5L·(h·L)-1,在较短曝气时间下(140 min)可实现AOB的富集,但同步硝化反硝化能力难以提高;降低曝气强度为3. 5L·(h·L)-1,延长曝气时间(200 min),好氧段氮损增加.根据pH及DO曲线进一步优化曝气时长抑制NO2-向NO3-转化,优化后系统出水TP <0. 5 mg·L-1和TN <15 mg·L-1,可实现氮磷的同步去除.在系统功能由单纯的除磷向同步脱氮除磷转化的过程中,释磷量下降,PAOs在内碳源储存过程中的贡献比例有所下降,但仍占主体地位(60%).批次实验表明,颗粒中可利用NO2-为电子受体的DPAOs占绝大部分达52.... 相似文献
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采用连续流反应器处理生活污水,保持厌氧段格室为3格,将缺氧段格室从2格减少至0格,好氧段格室由5格逐渐增加至7格,Run1时对好氧段格室采用连续曝气,Run2~Run4时采用间歇曝气.曝/停比分别为:40 min/20 min、40 min/30min、40 min/40 min,硝化液回流比从150%逐渐减少至0%. Run4时,平均进水COD、NH+4-N、TN、PO_4~(3-)-P浓度分别为259. 34、60. 26、64. 42、6. 10 mg·L-1,出水COD、NH+4-N、TN、PO_4~(3-)-P分别为26. 40、1. 03、5. 84、0. 30 mg·L-1.反应器对氮素的去除量从Run1时的192. 30 mg·h-1逐渐增加至Run4时的244. 00 mg·h-1,相应地去除率从65. 40%逐渐增大至95. 30%;从Run1~Run4,反硝化聚磷菌和聚磷菌的活性分别从36. 05%和38. 20%增大至140. 50%和133. 40%;通过间歇曝气在连续流反应器中实现了同步硝化反硝化除磷脱氮,为污水处理厂提标改造提供参考. 相似文献
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研究了污泥龄对胞外聚合物(EPS)总量、紧密粘附胞外聚合物(TB)和松散附着胞外聚合物(LB)含量及其中蛋白质与多糖比例的影响.结果表明,随污泥龄的延长,混合液EPS总量增加,TB和LB中蛋白质与多糖比例发生变化.这种变化改变了细菌表面电荷分布,增大了细菌表面亲水基和疏水基的比例,使细菌的存在状态由不稳定型(R型)向稳定型(S型)转变,降低了混合液Zeta电位,SVI值增大.采用SPSS软件对膜污染的主要因子进行了相关性分析,Zeta电位、上清液悬浮固体浓度、相对疏水性的相关系数分别为-0.818、0.853、0.832.综合考虑膜污染阻力和污泥特性,膜生物反应器的污泥龄应控制在优势菌最小世代时间的120倍以下. 相似文献
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Effect of sludge retention time on sludge characteristics and
membrane fouling of membrane bioreactor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Three identical membrane bioreactors (MBRs) were operated over 2 years at different sludge retention time (SRT) of 10 d, 40 d and no sludge withdrawal (NS), to elucidate and quantify the effect of SRT on the sludge characteristics and membrane fouling. The hydraulic retention times of these MBRs were controlled at 12 h. With increasing SRT, the sludge concentrations in the MBRs increased, whereas the ratio of volatile suspended solid to the total solid decreased, and the size of sludge granule diminished in the meantime. A higher sludge concentration at long SRT could maintain a better organic removal efficiency, and a longer SRT was propitious to the growth of nitrifiers. The performance of these MBRs for the removal of COD and NH4+-N did not change much with different SRTs. However, the bioactivity decreased as SRT increase. The measurement of specific oxygen uptake rates (SOUR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes testified that SOUR and the proportion of the bacteria-specific probe EUB338 in all DAPI-stainable bacteria decreased with increasing SRT. The concentrations of total organic carbon, protein, polysaccharides and soluble extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the mixed liquor supernatant also decreased with increasing SRT. The membrane fouling rate was higher at shorter SRT, and the highest fouling rate appeared at a SRT of 10 d. Both the sludge cake layer and gel layer had contribution to the fouling resistance, but the relative contribution of the gel layer decreased as SRT increase. 相似文献
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Sun Yujiao Wang Yong Huang Xia 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(2):221-225
The evolution of activated sludge settleability and its relationship to membrane fouling in a submerged membrane bioreactor
were studied at a lab-scale equipment fed with synthetic wastewater. It was found that sludge volume index (SVI) gradually
increased and the sludge settleability was reduced, which was caused by the propagation of filamentous bacteria. With increasing
SVI, the average increasing rate of trans-membrane pressure increased, the stable filtration period was shortened, and the
two stages (smooth stage and accelerating stage) of the trans-membrane pressure were more obvious. At the same time, the increasing
rate of trans-membrane pressure at the smooth stage decreased and the rate at the accelerating stage increased with SVI, respectively.
The observation by using scanning electronic microscopes showed the cake layer with loose structure and large thickness formed
on the membrane surface due to the appearance of filamentous bacteria and high SVI in sludge. Influence of the sludge settleability
on the trans-membrane pressure was related to the structure and thickness of the cake layer on the membrane.
Translated from ACTA Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2005, 25(3): 396–400 [译自: 环境科学学报] 相似文献
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膜-生物反应器中活性污泥沉降性能与膜污染相关性研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
结合连续流小试,对膜.生物反应器运行过程中,活性污泥沉降性能的变化及其对膜污染的影响进行了研究.结果表明,随着运行时间的增长,该系统内丝状菌大量繁殖,活性污泥沉降性能变差,SVI值升高.随之,膜过滤压差(过滤阻力)平均上升速率有所增加,膜过滤周期缩短.膜过滤压差的“两阶段性(平缓上升期和加速上升期)”变化规律趋于明显,平缓上升期和加速上升期的膜过滤压差上升速率随污泥SVI值的升高分别呈现下降和上升的趋势.污泥沉降性能的变化对膜污染过程产生明显影响.电镜观察表明,污泥沉降性能对膜过滤压差的影响与膜面污染层的结构和厚度有关. 相似文献
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针对垃圾渗滤液高COD、高NH4-N,低生化性的特点,开发UASB/缺氧/好氧-膜生物反应器组合处理工艺.在不同水力停留时间(HRT)下,考察了系统对污染物去除效果及其膜污染特性.结果表明,在不同的HRT条件下,UASB/缺氧/好氧-膜生物反应器组合工艺处理垃圾渗滤液出水水质良好且稳定.出水COD除率随HRT的升高先增加后降低,且HRT为12.8h时达到最大值94.96%;系统对NH4-N的平均去除率随HRT的延长而升高; 膜污染实验结果显示: 较低的HRT条件下意味着膜通量较高,会加剧膜污染进程.通过实验得出结论当HRT=15h时,对膜污染的控制最为有利.对膜进行清洗,并进行扫描电镜分析.分析结果显示凝胶层的形成是膜透水性下降的主要原因. 相似文献
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Introduction The membrane bioreactors (MBRs) have shown many advantages over conventional activated sludge processes, which apply membrane modules instead of the secondary settle tank to make a better separation of the solids and liquid and have been grea… 相似文献
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Comparison of membrane fouling during short-term filtration of aerobic granular sludge and activated sludge 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Aerobic granular sludge was cultivated adopting internal-circulate sequencing batch airlift reactor.The contradistinctive experiment about short-term membrane fouling between aerobic granular sludge system and activated sludge system were investigated.The membrane foulants was also characterized by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy technique.The results showed that the aerobic granular sludge had excellent denitrification ability;the removal efficiency of TN could reach 90%.The aerobic granular sludge could alleviate membrane fouling effectively.The steady membrane flux of aerobic granular sludge was twice as much as that of activated sludge system.In addition,it was found that the aerobic granular sludge could result in severe membrane pore-blocking, however,the activated sludge could cause severe cake fouling.The major components of the foulants were identified as comprising of proteins and polysaccharide materials. 相似文献