氮添加对亚热带森林土壤有机碳氮组分的影响

为了研究氮添加对森林土壤有机碳氮组分稳定性的影响,选取我国亚热带典型常绿阔叶林(浙江桂天然林和罗浮栲天然林)和针叶林(杉木人工林),开展为期5年的野外模拟氮沉降试验,分别设置对照〔0 kg/(hm2·a),以NH₄NO₃中的N计,下同〕、低氮〔75 kg/(hm2·a)〕和高氮〔150 kg/(hm2·a)〕3个氮添加水平,用H₂SO₄分2步酸水解获得LPⅠ(活性有机库Ⅰ)、LPⅡ(活性有机库Ⅱ)和RP(惰性有机库),定量研究土壤活性和惰性有机碳氮组分以及微生物生物量碳氮对氮添加的响应. 结果表明:氮添加仅对w(LPⅡ-C)(LPⅡ-C为活性有机碳Ⅱ)有显著影响,而对其他活性和惰性有机碳氮组分的影响不显著,并且对不同林分的影响存在差异. 与对照处理相比,低氮处理下浙江桂天然林、罗浮栲天然林和杉木人工林土壤w(LPⅡ-C)的增幅分别为15.3%、29.8%、68.8%;高氮处理下杉木人工林土壤w(LPⅠ-C)(LPⅠ-C为活性有机碳Ⅰ)、w(LPⅠ-N)(LPⅠ-N为活性有机氮Ⅰ)和w(RP-C)(RP-C为惰性有机碳)的增幅分别为32.4%、78.6%、28.7%;氮添加使得土壤w(SMB-C)(土壤微生物生物量碳)的增幅为18.1%~202.5%、w(SMB-N)(土壤微生物生物量氮)的增幅为0%~103.6%;在氮添加处理下,除杉木人工林土壤SMB-N/LPⅠ-N〔w(SMB-N)/w(LPⅠ-N)〕是随着氮添加水平的增加而降低外,微生物对其他林分土壤活性有机氮的利用均表现为随着氮添加水平的增加而增加. 研究显示,氮添加对阔叶林和针叶林土壤活性和惰性有机碳氮组分的影响存在差异,但差异不显著,这与它们归还土壤的凋落物性质差异有关,并且凋落物的分解差异也可能是影响土壤不同碳氮组分变化的原因.      

基于组分区分的亚热带湿地松人工林土壤呼吸对氮添加的响应

氮沉降在很大程度上会对土壤呼吸产生扰动,进而影响到生态系统碳收支.以我国亚热带湿地松人工林为研究对象,通过定位模拟氮沉降控制试验,定量研究根系呼吸和微生物呼吸对氮添加的响应差异,并通过土壤环境的同步监测,初步探讨影响上述过程的生物地球化学与微生物学机理.结果表明:不同氮素添加水平下土壤呼吸速率及其组分总体上都呈现出单峰曲线特征,峰值出现在7月或8月,氮添加对土壤呼吸的季节模式没有明显影响.CK（0,对照）、LN〔60 kg/（hm2·a）,低氮〕和HN〔120 kg/（hm2·a）,高氮〕处理下土壤总呼吸速率的年均值分别为3.91、2.30和1.73 μmol/（m2·s）,各组根系呼吸速率年均值分别为1.41、0.87和0.66 μmol/（m2·s）,各组微生物呼吸速率年均值分别为2.50、1.44和1.07 μmol/（m2·s）.施氮后土壤总呼吸及其组分都受到明显抑制,并且随着施氮水平的提高,土壤总呼吸及其组分明显减小.与对照样地微生物呼吸占比65.2%相比,低氮和高氮处理下微生物呼吸占比显著降低,降幅分别为62.6%和62.1%,说明氮素添加对微生物呼吸的抑制作用大于根系呼吸.施氮后一年,氮素输入对土壤呼吸的抑制在消退.施氮对表层土壤w（TOC）（TOC为总有机碳）、w（NH₄+）、w（NO₃-）、w（DOC）（DOC为可溶性有机碳）、w（DON）（DON为可溶性有机氮）、w（MBC）（MBC为微生物生物量碳）和w（MBN）（MBN为微生物生物量氮）都没有显著影响.氮素添加主要是通过降低土壤pH、加速湿地松人工林土壤酸化,对影响土壤有机质转化的土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性产生显著抑制,从而影响到土壤微生物活性,导致土壤微生物呼吸降低,这可能是土壤呼吸对氮添加响应的关键机制.      

Response of soil microorganisms to vegetational succession in Ziwuling Forest

This study investigates the changes in soil microbial populations as vegetational succession progress from abandoned farmland to climax forest in the Ziwuling Forest, which is located in the northern part of the Loess Plateau, China. Different organic C and total extractable N between the fumigated and non-fumigated soils were assumed to be released from soil microorganisms. Soil microbial C was calculated using Kec = 0.38 and microbial N was calculated using Ken = 0.45. The released P was converted to microbial biomass P using Kep = 0.40. Soil bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes increased as the vegetational succession progressed. Microbial C was of the highest amount in farmland. Microbial C, N, and P generally increased from abandoned land to climax community. The results indicated significant (P < 0.05) diversities of soil microbial biomass under different vegetation. There was a significant correlation between microbial biomass and soil nutrients. Knowledge about soil microbial populations is important for forecasting vegetational succession and determining the ecological condition of the environment.     

温带亚高山针叶林土壤碳循环微生物群落的时空动态

选取参与碳固定的二磷酸羧化/加氧酶基因（cbbM）、有机碳降解的淀粉酶基因（amylase）和纤维素酶基因（cellulase）作为分子标记,用实时定量PCR方法对温带亚高山华北落叶松（Larix gmelinii var.principis-rupprechtii）林、白杄（Picea meyeri）林、青杄（P.wilsonii）林和油松（Pinus tabulaeformis）林土壤碳循环功能微生物类群丰度的时空动态开展研究.结果显示,总碳（TC）、总氮（TN）、总硫（TS）、有机质（OM）和有机碳（TOC）、pH值、铵态氮（NH₄⁺-N）、硝态氮（NO₃^--N）、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性在4种森林土壤中都有不同程度的差异,且有显著的季节变化特征.高海拔华北落叶松林土壤TC、TN、TS、C/N、OM和TOC含量最高,而pH值最低.土壤TC、TN、亚硝态氮（NO₂^--N）含量、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性,与碳循环微生物类群的丰度呈极显著相关.土壤NO₃^--N含量与有机碳分解和固碳微生物类群的相对丰度显著相关;土壤C/N、NO₂^--N、pH值、OM、TOC、过氧化氢酶及脲酶活性,与降解易分解碳（labile C）和难分解碳（recalcitrant C）的微生物类群的相对丰度呈极显著相关.植被类型和季节变化共同影响土壤碳循环微生物类群的丰度,而季节变化是主导因素.植被和土壤环境因子通过调控微生物群落碳代谢功能类群的结构,影响森林土壤碳源-汇的平衡.     

温带亚高山针叶林土壤碳循环微生物群落的时空动态

选取参与碳固定的二磷酸羧化/加氧酶基因（cbbM）、有机碳降解的淀粉酶基因（amylase）和纤维素酶基因（cellulase）作为分子标记,用实时定量PCR方法对温带亚高山华北落叶松（Larix gmelinii var.principis-rupprechtii）林、白杄（Picea meyeri）林、青杄（P.wilsonii）林和油松（Pinus tabulaeformis）林土壤碳循环功能微生物类群丰度的时空动态开展研究.结果显示,总碳（TC）、总氮（TN）、总硫（TS）、有机质（OM）和有机碳（TOC）、pH值、铵态氮（NH₄⁺-N）、硝态氮（NO₃^--N）、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性在4种森林土壤中都有不同程度的差异,且有显著的季节变化特征.高海拔华北落叶松林土壤TC、TN、TS、C/N、OM和TOC含量最高,而pH值最低.土壤TC、TN、亚硝态氮（NO₂^--N）含量、蔗糖酶和脲酶活性,与碳循环微生物类群的丰度呈极显著相关.土壤NO₃^--N含量与有机碳分解和固碳微生物类群的相对丰度显著相关;土壤C/N、NO₂^--N、pH值、OM、TOC、过氧化氢酶及脲酶活性,与降解易分解碳（labile C）和难分解碳（recalcitrant C）的微生物类群的相对丰度呈极显著相关.植被类型和季节变化共同影响土壤碳循环微生物类群的丰度,而季节变化是主导因素.植被和土壤环境因子通过调控微生物群落碳代谢功能类群的结构,影响森林土壤碳源-汇的平衡.     

Stability of soil organic carbon changes in successive rotations of Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata （Lamb.） Hook） plantations

The importance of soil organic carbon (SOC) under forests in the global carbon cycle depends on the stability of the soil carbon and its availability to soil microbial biomass. We investigated the e ects of successive rotations of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook) plantations on the stability of SOC and its availability to microbes by adopting the two-step hydrolysis with H2SO4 and density fractionation. The results showed that successive rotations of Chinese fir decreased the quantity of total SOC, recalcitrant fraction, and carbohydrates in Labile Pool I (LP I), and microbial properties evidently, especially at 0–10 cm horizon. However, cellulose included in Labile Pool II (LP II) and the cellulose/total carbohydrates ratio increased in successive rotations of Chinese fir. The noncellulose of carbohydrates included in LP I maybe highly available to soil microbial biomass. Hence the availability of SOC to microbial biomass declined over the successive rotations. Although there was no significant change in recalcitrance of SOC over the successive rotations of Chinese fir, the percentage of heavy fraction to total SOC increased, suggesting that the degree of physical protection for SOC increased and SOC became more stable over the successive rotations. The degradation of SOC quality in successive rotation soils may be attributed to worse environmental conditions resulted from disturbance that related to “slash and burn” site preparation. Being highly correlated with soil microbial properties, the cellulose/total carbohydrates ratio as an e ective indicator of changes in availability of SOC to microbial biomass brought by management practices in forest soils.     

不同植被恢复模式对黄土丘陵区侵蚀土壤微生物量的影响

为了解侵蚀环境下植被恢复对土壤微生物量的影响,以典型侵蚀环境黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域生态恢复30年植被长期定位试验点为研究对象,选取坡耕地为参照,分析了植被恢复过程中土壤微生物量、呼吸强度、代谢熵及理化性质的演变特征。结果表明,侵蚀环境下植被恢复后土壤微生物量碳、氮、磷显著增加,增幅分别为109.01%～144.22%、34.17%～117.09%和31.79%～79.94%,微生物呼吸强度增加26.78%～87.59%,代谢熵降低57.45%～77.49%,微生物量的增大和活性增强进一步促进了土壤性状的改善。相关性分析结果显示微生物量碳、磷、呼吸强度与土壤养分相关性极为密切,显然,土壤微生物量可以作为评价土壤质量的生物学指标。不同植被恢复模式对土壤质量改善作用不同,总体来说混交林作用效果最好,刺槐和柠条纯林次之,荒草地和油松纯林较差,在人工促进生态恢复过程中应持以混交林为主,纯林为辅的原则。     

连作对党参根际土壤理化性质、微生物活性及群落特征的影响

为探究连作对党参根际土壤理化性质、土壤微生物活性和群落特征的影响.以休耕5 a再种植党参的地块(CK)和不同连作年限的党参种植田为研究对象,采用Illumina高通量测序技术结合土壤理化性质分析,探讨了党参根际土壤理化性质、微生物活性和微生物群落特征对连作年限的响应.结果表明,党参根际土壤有机碳、全磷、全氮和盐分的含量随着连作年限的延长而增加,而土壤pH值则随着连作年限的延长而降低.较CK处理,连作1 a、 2 a、 3 a和4 a的党参根际土壤有机碳含量分别增加了11.1%、 80.5%、 74.9%和78.2%,全磷含量分别增加了11.8%、 52.9%、 66.7%和78.4%,全氮含量分别增加了31.3%、 68.8%、 52.1%和56.3%.连作3 a和4 a时土壤盐分含量显著增加,较CK处理,土壤电导率分别增加了54.2%和84.7%.根际土壤中微生物生物量碳氮比随着连作年限的延长而呈现增加的趋势,土壤呼吸熵和微生物熵则呈现降低的趋势.随着连作年限的增加,土壤中细菌多样性和丰度降低,真菌多样性和丰度增加.此外,随着连作年限的增加,土壤中细菌群落之间的拮抗作用增强,而真菌群...     

Impact of land clearing methods and cropping systems on labile soil C and N pools in the humid zone Forest of Nigeria

Labile soil C and N play vital roles in soil–plant nutrient dynamics, especially in the low input cropping system and are vulnerable to perturbation. Surface (0–0.15 m) soils from three land clearing methods (slash and burn, bulldozed non-windrowed and bulldozed windrowed) and each with two cropping systems (5-and 4-year cropping/2-year cassava fallow) were collected in the humid forest ecosystem of Nigeria.The soils were analysed for total C and N, microbial biomass C and N (SMB C and N), particulate organic matter C and N (POM C and N), water-soluble C, potentially mineralizable N (PMN) and mineral N. The size of the labile C and N and their relative contributions to the organic C and total N differed significantly among land clearing methods, irrespective of the cropping system. Soils under slash and burn had a significantly (p > 0.05) higher particulate organic matter C, N (10.80 and 0.16 g kg⁻¹, respectively) and microbial biomass C and N (1.07 and 0.12 g kg⁻¹) compared to the bulldozed windrow, regardless of the cropping system. Four years cropping/2-year cassava fallow resulted in a significant higher labile C and N, relative to 5-year cropped plots across the land clearing methods. Effect of the treatments on the concentration of PMN and mineral N mirrored the SMB N and POM N. However, the quantity of most of the labile C and N pool and crop yield obtained from the slash and burn and bulldozed non-windrowed treatment did not differ significantly. Hence, bulldozed non-windrowed clearing could be a viable alternative to slash and burn in the case of large-scale farming in ensuring reduced losses of soil organic matter and nutrient during land clearing in the humid tropics.     

有机物料对紫色土微生物量碳、氮及氮素供应的影响

以猪粪沼渣(PM)、牛粪沼渣(CM)、污泥堆肥(SC)、农村生活垃圾堆肥(RWC1)、农村生活垃圾与污泥的堆肥产物(污泥比例20%,RWC2)为材料,采用培养试验和盆栽试验研究了有机物料对酸性紫色土和石灰性紫色土中微生物量碳(MBC)、氮(MBN)含量及玉米幼苗氮吸收的影响.结果表明,有机物料使酸性和石灰性紫色土MBC含量分别提高了53. 63%～102. 91%和12. 14%～137. 00%,有机物料分解愈慢、碳氮比(C/N)愈高,土壤MBC愈大;而MBN含量分别提高了23. 37%～150. 08%和35. 02%～160. 02%,受物料的有机氮形态影响.两种土壤MBC/MBN随物料C/N的升高总体降低,高C/N物料有利于MBN的长期维持.除牛粪沼渣外,有机物料均可提高两种紫色土中玉米幼苗的生物量及氮吸收量,提高幅度为SC PM RWC2 RWC1,但其对氮素吸收的促进效果不及化肥.牛粪沼渣对玉米幼苗氮吸收的抑制作用与其较高的C/N有关,而其余物料的促进作用随MBC/MBN降低而增高.因此,有机物料对氮素吸收利用的影响不仅与其性质有关,也与其对土壤MBC/MBN的作用有关.     

不同温度下的土壤微生物呼吸及其与水溶性有机碳和转化酶的关系

为研究不同温度下的土壤微生物呼吸及其与水溶性有机碳(DOC)和转化酶的关系,设置了室内培养实验.采集南京市周边老山、紫金山、宝华山的土壤,研究不同土壤的微生物呼吸对温度升高的响应规律,并分析土壤DOC含量及转化酶活性.结果表明,不同土壤的累积微生物呼吸与土壤温度之间的关系均可用指数方程描述,其P值均达到极显著水平(P0.001),不同地点土壤的微生物呼吸温度敏感系数(Q10值)在1.762~1.895之间变异.累积土壤微生物呼吸的Q10值随着土壤温度升高表现出降低的趋势.培养后27 d土壤微生物呼吸的Q10值与培养后1 d的Q10值无显著差异(P0.05),这表明难分解有机质的温度敏感性与易分解有机质的温度敏感性一致.对于所有土壤而言,累积土壤微生物呼吸与DOC含量之间存在极显著(P=0.003)的线性回归关系,DOC可以解释累积土壤微生物呼吸31.6%的变异性.无论是单独分析不同土壤还是综合所有土壤的测定结果,累积微生物呼吸与土壤转化酶活性均存在极显著(P0.01)的一元线性回归关系,由此说明转化酶活性是衡量土壤微生物呼吸大小的一个较好的指标.     

Effect of heavy metals on soil microbial activity and diversity in a reclaimed mining wasteland of red soil area

The microbial biomass, basal respiration and substrate utilization pattern in copper mining wasteland of red soil area, southern China, were investigated. The results indicated that soil microflora were obviously different compared with that of the non-mine soil. Microbial biomass and basal respiration were negatively affected by the elevated heavy metal levels. Two important microbial ecophysiological parameters, namely, the ratio of microbial biomass C（ Cmic ）/organic C（ Corg ） and metabolic quotient（qCO2 ） were closely correlated to heavy metal stress. There was a significant decrease in the Cmic/Corg ratio and an increase in the metabolic quotient with increasing metal concentration. Multivariate analysis of Biolog data for sole carbon source utilization pattern demonstrated that heavy metal pollution had a significant impact on microbial community structure and functional diversity. All the results showed that soil microbiological parameters had great potential to become the early sensitive, effective and liable indicators of the stresses or perturbations in soils of mining ecosystems.     

刺槐林恢复过程中土壤微生物碳降解酶的变化及与碳库组分的关系

为揭示黄土高原人工刺槐林恢复过程中土壤微生物碳降解酶活性的变化特征及与碳组分的响应关系,研究该区域不同恢复年限刺槐林土壤碳库组分、碳降解酶活性、微生物呼吸及其熵值的特征,探讨土壤微生物碳降解酶的变化及与碳库组分的关系.结果 表明,微生物呼吸(MR)随刺槐林龄增加呈先增加后减小趋势,微生物代谢熵(qCO2)随刺槐林龄增加...     

茂兰保护区小生境土壤微生物活性研究

以茂兰国家级自然保护区内三种植被（原生林、次生林、灌木林）下的土壤为研究对象,探讨了小生境土壤微生物数量、微生物量碳（BC）、微生物量氮（BN）、微生物熵（qSMBC）、基础呼吸及代谢熵（qCO2）的变化特征。结果表明：微生物数量、BC、BN、基础呼吸、qSMBC基本呈现石沟〉土面的趋势,qCO2则表现为土面〉石沟,即...     

Dynamics of soil inorganic nitrogen and their responses to nitrogen additions in three subtropical forests, south China

Three forests with different historical land-use, forest age, and species assemblages in subtropical China were selected to evaluate current soil N status and investigate the responses of soil inorganic N dynamics to monthly ammonium nitrate additions. Results showed that the mature monsoon evergreen broadleaved forest that has been protected for more than 400 years exhibited an advanced soil N status than the pine （Pinus massoniana） and pine-broadleaf mixed forests, both originated from the 1930＇s clear-cut and pine plantation. Mature forests had greater extractable inorganic N pool, lower N retention capacity, higher inorganic N leaching, and higher soil C/N ratios. Mineral soil extractable NH4^＋-N and NO3-N concentrations were significantly increased by experimental N additions on several sampling dates, but repeated ANOVA showed that the effect was not significant over the whole year except NH4^＋-N in the mature forest. In contrast, inorganic N （both NH4^＋-N and NO3^--N） in soil 20-cm below the surface was significantly elevated by the N additions. From 42% to 74% of N added was retained by the upper 20 cm soils in the pine and mixed forests, while 0%-70% was retained in the mature forest. Our results suggest that land-use history, forest age and species composition were likely to be some of the important factors that determine differing forest N retention responses to elevated N deposition in the study region.     

Organic carbon accumulation capability of two typical tidal wetland soils in Chongming Dongtan, China

We measured organic carbon input and content of soil in two wetland areas of Chongming Dongtan (Yangtze River Estuary) to evaluate variability in organic carbon accumulation capability in di erent wetland soils. Observed di erences were investigated based on the microbial activity and environmental factors of the soil at the two sites. Results showed that the organic carbon content of wetland soil vegetated with Phragmites australis (site A) was markedly lower than that with P. australis and Spartina alterniflora (site B). Sites di erences were due to higher microbial activity at site A, which led to higher soil respiration intensity and greater carbon outputs. This indicated that the capability of organic carbon accumulation of the site B soils was greater than at site A. In addition, petroleum pollution and soil salinity were di erent in the two wetland soils. After bio-remediation, the soil petroleum pollution at site B was reduced to a similar level of site A. However, the culturable microbial biomass and enzyme activity in the remediated soils were also lower than at site A. These results indicated that greater petroleum pollution at site B did not markedly inhibit soil microbial activity. Therefore, di erences in vegetation type and soil salinity were the primary factors responsible for the variation in microbial activity, organic carbon output and organic carbon accumulation capability between site A and site B.     

微生物群落对土壤微生物呼吸速率及其温度敏感性的影响

通过灭菌和重新接种不同土壤微生物群落的方法,探索了改变土壤微生物群落对土壤微生物呼吸速率及其温度敏感性的影响.结果表明,灭菌海伦黑土接种未灭菌的哈尔滨黑土、封丘潮土和祁阳红壤后,15℃时土壤CO2的累积释放量分别为684.25、753.97和644.91μg,25℃时土壤CO2的累积释放量分别为963.06、1 015.44和852.31μg,35℃时土壤CO2的累积释放量分别为1 252.55、380.36和1 177.88μg;土壤CO2的累积释放量随接种剂土壤pH增加而增加,而与接种剂土壤有机质含量高低、接种剂土壤与被接种土壤的地理距离无关.15、25和35℃时,接种不同微生物群落的土壤呼吸速率表现差异的持续时间分别为104、277和1 177 h,差异持续时间随培养温度增高而延长.接种未灭菌的哈尔滨黑土、封丘潮土和祁阳红壤后,土壤呼吸温度敏感性指数Q10在0～104 h分别为1.63、1.49和1.80,在0～277 h分别为1.43、1.39和1.46,在0～1 609 h分别为1.35、1.35和1.35;呼吸温度敏感性随接种剂土壤pH降低而增加,随培养时间延长而减小.本研究表明改变土壤微生物群落将影响土壤微生物呼吸速率及其温度敏感性.     

土地利用方式对喀斯特山区土壤养分及有机碳活性组分的影响

通过对喀斯特山区5种土地利用方式(林地、 花椒林、 火龙果林、 退耕草丛和旱地)土壤养分和活性组分含量的比较研究,探讨了土壤质量对土地利用变化的响应。结果表明,林地土壤养分和活性组分含量最高,其中土壤有机碳、 微生物生物量碳、 氮、 磷、 易氧化有机碳和可溶性有机碳含量分别为44.80 g·kg^-1、 477.86 mg·kg^-1、 102.87 mg·kg^-1、 17.54 mg·kg^-1、 7.72 g·kg^-1和166.43 mg·kg^-1,土壤养分和活性组分含量总体按花椒林、 火龙果林、 退耕草丛和旱地依次下降。除旱地与经自然恢复15 a的退耕草丛土壤养分和活性组分含量较为接近,大多未达显著差异水平外,其他土地利用方式间土壤养分和活性组分均存在显著差异。冗余分析表明,土壤有机碳是影响活性组分变化的主要影响因子;花椒林对土壤养分和活性组分的累积效应仅次于林地,且明显高于火龙果林和旱地。研究阐明了喀斯特土壤的自然修复是一个非常缓慢的过程,需辅以必要的造林措施加速其恢复,花椒林可以作为喀斯特山区农业生产或生态恢复过程中优先考虑的植被类型。     

茂兰喀斯特植被演替中土壤微生物量碳氮研究

选取茂兰自然保护区4种植被类型(原生林、次生林、灌木林和草地),采集0～15 cm的表层土样,探讨了土壤微生物量碳(Bc)、土壤微生物量氮(BN)的变化特征及其与土壤理化特性之间的关系.研究发现:(1)样区内生态系统在正向演替中(草地→灌木林→次生林→原生林),Bc、BN含量总体表现为逐渐增大,并且冬季最高,夏季最低,...     

Effect of copper on phospholipid fatty acid composition of microbial communities in two red soils

The phospholipid fatty acid （PLFA） composition was analyzed in two red soils experimentally contaminated with copper at different concentrations. The total amounts ofphospholipid fatty acids （PLFAs） in both red soils were significantly correlated with soil microbial biomass C and N, which decreased consistently with increasing levels of copper. The relative quantities of the PLFAs 17：0 （10 Me）, i16：0, il 5：0 and 16：1w5c, decreased with increasing heavy metal concentration, while those of cyl7：0, which is an indicator of gram-negative bacteria, increased. The Shannon index calculated from the PLFA data indicated that Cu addition in the red soils decreased the population diversity of soil microbial communities. Multivariate analysis of PLFA data demonstrated that high levels of Cu application had a significant impact on microbial community structure and there is a threshold metal concentration for PLFA composition. Comparatively higher toxic effect on microbial biomass and community structure were found in the red sandy soil than those in the red clayey soil. The differential effect of Cu addition on microbial communities in the two soils may be due to differences in soil texture and cation exchange capacity.