废弃印刷线路板中环氧树脂的资源化技术

印刷线路板是电子工业的基础，伴随着电子废弃物的快速增长，废弃印刷线路板的回收已经成为迫切需要研究的领域。对废弃印刷线路板中环氧树脂常用的资源化方法、物理法、热解法、超临界法及化学溶剂法等进行了介绍，并比较了几种方法的优缺点。     

专利资讯

专利名称：一种利用高压热风自动分离废弃线路板元件的方法 本发明涉及一种利用高压热风自动分离废弃线路板元件的方法，该方法包括将待分离的废弃线路板采用钉式结构固装在传送带上进行传送，采用高压高温气流冲击的分离方式分离所述废弃线路板的基板和元器件；分离时将高压高温气流以风刀或类似风刀开缝口的形式吹出，以去除焊料并迫使元器件脱落。本发明实现了自动分离废弃线路板元件的工业应用，并无害化处理有毒有害气体，高效处理线路板并无损地回收大量价值元件，为再资源化提供了可能。     

电子废弃物回收利用领域技术开发难点问题探讨

电子废弃物的资源化、减量化和无害化问题正日益受到人们的关注和重视。废弃电子线路板、硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料、CRT显像管物料的回收利用已成为废旧电子产品处置中的三大难题。结合承担国家和省相关项目的进展，根据中国国情，提出了资源化、无害化处置上述三类电子废弃物的技术方案。     

国内废弃电子线路板处置技术研究与展望

电子废弃物既是“城市垃圾”,又是“城市矿山”。一方面其所含的有毒有害物质对环境造成极大的危害,另一方面又含丰富的有色金属和贵金属,有着极大的经济价值。通过对国内电子废弃物主要部件电子线路板处置技术的整理和分析,提出了废弃电路板处置技术的研究发展方向和废弃电路板回收利用产业的发展前景。     

废弃印刷线路板资源化处理的研究进展

介绍了当前废弃印刷线路板资源化处理的主要方法，包括湿法、火法、机械法、生物法、超临界流体法和等离子体熔炼法等。综述了各种处理方法的侧重点及利弊；提出热解法与机械法联用可较好地解决在破碎过程中所遇到的问题，具有较大优势，可作为未来大量废弃印刷线路板资源化处理工艺研究的重点。     

一种废弃印刷线路板取制样方法的应用

随着我国家电和电子产品进入淘汰报废高峰期,废弃印刷线路板的数量也随之急剧增加,线路板中含有大量的金属,具有很高的回收价值,而市场上对废弃印刷线路板的回收缺乏健全的制度和标准、规范的方法。对废弃线路板取制样方法展开试验研究,借鉴国外关于电子废料的抽样检验经验,按照抽样、初破、分拣、取样、粉碎、分选等流程操作后,实现样品中金属和非金属物料的有效分离。金属物料和非金属物料分别制备成试样后经化验分析出品位数据,根据比例和数量加权计算出废弃线路板的综合品位,从而形成一套科学的、标准的线路板取制样方法,为废线路板回收交易提供精确的数据支持。     

专利资讯

一种从电子废弃物中提取金属铜的方法；回收废弃印刷电路板的方法；一种从废弃印刷线路板表面提取贵金属的方法及专用夹具；带显像管的电视、电脑的拆解设备；多功能胶囊粉碎回收机     

废旧电子线路板资源再生处理技术

介绍了目前废旧电子线路板资源回收处理现状、方法及检测技术,并提出正确回收处理废旧电子线路板的方法及对未来的展望。     

废旧线路板非金属材料综合利用

随着信息时代的到来，废印刷线路板处理技术日益成熟，大量的废线路板非金属粉亟需处理。从环境保护和资源回收的角度，综述了废印刷线路板非金属粉的资源化利用。     

废弃电器电子产品回收处理行业大会隆重召开

2014年5月6—7日，由中国再生资源回收利用协会电子废弃物回收处理分会组织，废弃电器电子产品回收处理行业大会在北京隆重召开。     

电厂建设运行中的水土流失预测与水土保持设计

在燃煤电厂建设运行的同时,将引起一系列的水土流失问题.以四川国电金堂电厂二期扩建工程为例,简要说明项目区水土流失预测的内容和方法,并在其基础上对可能产生的水土流失和危害进行了分析,同时介绍了建设期和运行期采取的综合防治措施,为类似工程的水土保持提供借鉴.     

磷对环境的污染及防治对策

我国水体富营养化严重，其主要控制因子是磷。在分析磷污染的污染状况，污染源的基础上，介绍了防治对策，采用低磷循环冷却水处理剂，减少磷排放，是防止工业磷污染的有效方法。     

Pyrolysis of virgin and waste polypropylene and its mixtures with waste polyethylene and polystyrene

A comparison of waste and virgin polypropylene (PP) plastics under slow pyrolysis conditions is presented. Moreover, mixtures of waste PP with wastes of polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) were pyrolyzed under the same operating conditions. Not only the impact of waste on degradation products but also impacts of the variations in the mixing ratio were investigated. The thermogravimetric weight loss curves and their derivatives of virgin and waste PP showed differences due to the impurities which are dirt and food residues. The liquid yield distribution concerning the aliphatic, mono-aromatic and poly-aromatic compounds varies as the ratio of PP waste increases in the waste plastic mixtures. In addition to this, the alkene/alkane ratio of gas products shows variations depending on the mixing ratio of wastes.     

北京市居民衣服消费处置及对其回收利用认识调查与分析

首先对北京市居民每年购买新衣服的数量、支出、穿着时间、淘汰原因,以及闲置衣服的处理方式、数量等进行了调查与分析,然后对北京市居民对旧衣物回收利用的认识、回收形式及其处理方式,对旧衣物如何处理回收、再利用的担忧,对希望旧衣物回收箱摆放的场所等进行了调查与分析。其研究结果对废旧纺织品回收体系建设、制度及政策制定具有一定的参考价值。     

Photo-oxidation and Photo-toxicity of Crude and Refined Oils

The fate and effects of an oil spill are effected by solar radiation through the action of photo-oxidation and photo-toxicity. Photo-oxidation, an important process in the weathering of oil, produces a variety of oxidized compounds, including aliphatic and aromatic ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, esters, epoxides, sulfoxides, sulfones, phenols, anhydrides, quinones and aliphatic and aromatic alcohols. Some of these compounds contribute to the marine biota toxicity observed after an oil spill. Photo-toxicity occurs when uptake of certain petroleum compounds, e.g. certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzothiophenes, is followed by solar exposure which results in much greater toxicity than after dark uptake. The mechanism of PAH photo-toxicity includes absorbance of solar radiation by the PAH which produces a free radical and this free radical in turn reacts with oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species that can damage DNA and other cellular macromolecules. While most studies on photo-toxicity have been carried out in the laboratory, there are studies showing that water from an oil spill is photo-toxic to bivalve embryos for at least a few days after the spill. Other studies have found that oil contaminated sediments are photo-toxic to several marine invertebrates. More studies are required to determine if marine fauna at an oil spill site are effected by the action of photo-toxicity and photo-oxidation.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyols and Polyurethane Foams from PET Waste and Crude Glycerol

In this study, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste from post-consumer soft-drink bottles and crude glycerol from the biodiesel industry were used for the preparation of polyols and polyurethane foams. PET waste was firstly depolymerized by the glycolysis of diethylene glycol. The glycolyzed PET oligomers were then reacted with crude glycerol at different weight ratios to produce polyols via a series of reactions, such as esterification, transesterification, condensation, and polycondensation. The polyols were characterized by titration, viscometry, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and differential scanning calorimetry. Subsequently, polyurethane (PU) foams were made via the reaction between the produced polyols and polymeric methylene-4,4′-diphenyl diisocyanate and were characterized by mechanical testing, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Polyols from crude glycerol and their PU foams were also prepared to compare properties with those of polyols and PU foams from PET and crude glycerol. The influence of aromatic segments existing in glycolyzed PET and glycerol content on the properties of the polyols and PU foams was investigated. It was found that aromatic segments of polyols from glycolyzed PET helped increase their molecular weights and improve thermal stability of PU foams, while high glycerol content in polyols increased the hydroxyl number of polyols and the density and compressive strength of PU foams.     

Novel and innovative pyrolysis and gasification technologies for energy efficient and environmentally sound MSW disposal

Within the context of European Union (EU) energy policy and sustainibility in waste management, recent EU regulations demand energy efficient and environmentally sound disposal methods of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). Currently, landfill with its many drawbacks is the preferred option in the EU and many other industrialised countries. Within the waste management hierarchy thermal disposal especially incineration is a viable and proven alternative. But, the dominating method, mass-burn grate incineration has drawbacks as well particularly hazardous emissions and harmful process residues. In recent years, pyrolysis and gasification technologies have emerged to address these issues and improve the energy output. To keep the many players in the field comprehensively informed and up-to-date, novel and innovative technology approaches emphasising European developments are reviewed.     

微生物絮凝剂及其在水处理中的应用

近年来对微生物絮凝剂的研究不断深入，新的高效菌种不断被发现。简要介绍了微生物絮凝剂的絮凝机理、分关、絮凝效果及影响因素，重点介绍了新型微生物絮凝剂在水处理中的应用。     

Laboratory Experiments and Estimation of Cumulative Infiltration and Sorptivity

Soil water cumulative infiltration affects the environment by controlling the irrigation rate and consequently the water and pollutants movement through the ground. In order to study the cumulative infiltration in a sandy soil sample, experiments were performed in the laboratory. The sample was placed uniformly in a transparent column with an inner diameter of 6 cm. A constant head boundary condition of a 2 mm height was applied on the surface of the sample and the cumulative volume of the incoming water was measured. Soil moisture at four locations of the column was measured, by using the TDR method in order to obtain the moisture profiles. By comparing the values of the infiltrated water volumes with those calculated by the integration of the moisture profiles, a good agreement was found out. Also the Parlange theoretical model fitted very well with the infiltration experimental points.