共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 703 毫秒
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工业企业的生产过程组织不善是造成目前我国工业污染的一个重要原因。因而,解决工业污染,首先应当从生产过程的组织入手。影响生产过程组织的因素很多,有企业生产性质、生产规模、产品结构、设备条件、专业化协作等。同时,各企业还要根据各自的生产条件,来确定和调整其生产过程的组织形式和方法。但是,从环境保护角度讲,必须使企业的各种生产要素和生产过程的不同阶段、环节、工序的安排达到合理,以期所排放的污染物对环境的影响控制到最低限度。一、变间断生产为连续生产 相似文献
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通过在试验中发现产品的早期故障进行分析研究,提出改进设计和工艺措施,根除早期故障产生的原因,以提高我国航空机载电子设备的可靠性水平。 相似文献
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利用现有装备处理钻井废水,处理后的水质已不能满足2000年企业污染物排放达标的规定要求。川东钻探公司从美国引进了Hydrocal钻井污水处理系统,对目前石油系统钻井废水普遍存在的技术问题进行了探讨,提出了应借鉴国外钻井污水处理系统的优点。建议钻井废水处理装备的研制仍然应采用提高混凝沉淀效果、固液分离水平及控制水平等 相似文献
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Jeong-a ParkSeok-jin Hong Ik KimJi-yong Lee Tak Hur 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(4):456-462
Material flow analysis (MFA) is an evaluation technique that systematically identifies the flows and stocks of materials within predefined spatial and temporal boundaries. In this paper, the steel resources in Korea are investigated using dynamic MFA. Iron ore and steel scrap are added as raw material components during the production processes of steel, which is then used in a variety of product groups such as construction products, transportation equipment, machinery/metal products, electrical/electronic devices, and other products through fabrication and manufacturing processes. When such product groups are discarded, they are either recycled or landfilled. With consideration for the lifetimes of various product groups in conjunction with steel resource flows in Korea, dynamic MFA is conducted on the flows of steel stock change and annual scrap generation. By 2020, these two flows are expected to increase by as much as 40% and 30%, respectively, compared to 2008, with transportation equipment, in particular, envisaged to experience high growth. At the current recycling rate, however, it will be hard to meet future scrap demand. According to the scenario analysis, 100% of this future scrap demand can be supplied domestically if the recycling rate is increased to over 70% for all product groups, except construction products and transportation equipment, which already have high recycling rates. By 2020, the reduction in scrap importation costs is projected to offer a financial gain of 2.3 billion dollars. 相似文献
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结合第一次全国污染源普查的统计数据,本文利用等标污染负荷法对深圳市35个二级行业排放的12种污染物进行评价,结果表明,深圳市54.90%的工业污染源分布在通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业,金属制品业,塑料制品业,专用设备制造业,电气机械及器材制造业这5个行业中;深圳市二级行业的等标污染负荷最大的5个行业为:金属制品业〉通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业〉电气机械及器材制造业〉塑料制品业〉仪器仪表及文化、办公用机械制造业,这5个行业中最严重的污染物均为氰化物;工业污染源排放的12种污染物中,最严重的5种污染物为:氰化物〉六价铬〉总铬〉汞〉铅,其中氰化物、六价铬、总铬这3种污染物中最严重的污染行业均为金属制品业,汞、铅这两种污染物中最严重的污染行业均为通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业。 相似文献
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本文综述了油茶饼粕综合开发利用的工艺方法及其优缺点。结果表明,用单一有机溶剂一步浸取同时提取饼粕中的油脂和茶皂素的新方法,具有工艺简单,设备投资少,产品产量高,质量好且稳定等优点。 相似文献
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Caroline Baillie Darko MatovicThimothy Thamae Shanil Vaja 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(11):973-978
This paper highlights an innovative model of waste management combined with poverty reduction, which has been developed by the organisation Waste for Life (wasteforlife.org) - a network of academics, students, practitioners and on the ground cooperative partners in low income communities. The Waste for Life teams work with local cooperatives to create waste-based composites, which may be sold in local markets, thereby creating an income stream. The application of this model to the context of cartoneros (waste picker) cooperatives in Buenos Aires, Argentina, reveals that viable products can be made from paper and plastic waste, with low-impact material preparation that circumvents the need for chemically intensive, polluting and mechanically degrading procedures, preserving recycled fibre integrity. Tests on material samples indicate mechanical properties comparable to products made with more complex processing. The production model is based on the philosophy that not only the waste materials, but also the production equipment should be locally sourced and manufactured and products created to suit local markets. A simple reproducible model has been developed for the local manufacture of composites from waste, which can provide an income source for waste pickers as well as providing an innovative waste management solution. 相似文献