淀粉接枝改性絮凝剂的制备及对含油废水的应用

选用玉米淀粉与丙烯酰胺为主要原材料,在硝酸铈铵引发下制得绿色天然有机高分子絮凝剂。将制得的絮凝剂用于处理油田含油废水,通过测定处理前后化学需氧量和含油量的变化,考察其絮凝性能。结果表明:反应的最佳投料比确定为淀粉:丙烯酰胺=1:2;反应的投料方式为以液体形式、分多次投加,对含油废水的处理取得了良好的处理效果。     

水解淀粉接枝改性阳离子化絮凝剂的制备及其应用

淀粉接枝改性阳离子化絮凝剂对城市污水以及采用絮凝法处理的废水具有良好的处理效果,但是淀粉絮凝剂几乎不溶于水,因此提高淀粉絮凝剂的溶解性,对于提高淀粉絮凝剂的絮凝效果具有重要的意义。本文采用α-淀粉酶对玉米淀粉进行水解,接枝共聚合成淀粉絮凝剂,通过改性最终制备得到水解淀粉接枝改性阳离子化絮凝剂,并通过试验对其合成指标进行了考察以及与普通淀粉絮凝剂的溶解性进行了对比。结果表明:水解淀粉接枝改性阳离子化絮凝剂在具备良好的絮凝效果的同时,其溶解度有了明显的提高。     

改性淀粉絮凝剂的性能研究

介绍了合成淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺淀粉改性高分子絮凝剂,考察了淀粉单体浓度、引发剂浓度、投料顺序对絮凝效果的影响,并将其处理模拟废水,考察了其絮凝性能。实验结果表明:引发剂浓度为3.0×10-3mol/L,淀粉用量为5g/200(mL.溶液),先加入引发剂后加入单体有利于接枝共聚。     

水果渣改性絮凝剂的性能表征

对化学改性天然高分子絮凝剂的制备及絮凝效果进行了初步研究。以来源丰富的水果渣为原料，分别与氯乙酸、丙烯腈、丙烯酰胺在不同的条件下醚化、聚合，制得多种絮凝剂，用于处理造纸废水。     

花岗石加工废水絮凝处理技术的研究

针对花岗石加工废水的特点,选用无机高分子絮凝剂(聚合氯化铝)与有机高分子絮凝剂(聚丙烯酰胺)进行复配试验,研究絮凝剂对花岗石加工废水的降浊效果。首先通过设计影响絮凝的单因子试验与正交试验,获得影响絮凝效果的主次因子顺序(絮凝剂配比>絮凝剂用量>搅拌转速>溶液pH值)与最佳絮凝工艺条件;然后依此对花岗石加工废水进行絮凝处理,使其达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》一级排放标准;最后给出采用该技术的吨水投资成本与运行成本。该处理技术具有出水水质好,操作简单,成本低廉等特点。     

改性淀粉絮凝剂处理含油废水的试验效果

通过将玉米淀粉与氢氧化钠、三氯化铝和无水碳酸钠在恒温磁力搅拌器上搅拌、加热,使得玉米淀粉改性,制得改性淀粉絮凝剂,并研究了改性淀粉絮凝剂对含油废水的处理效果.试验结果显示,在搅拌速度与时间分别为快搅速度200 r/min,快搅时间0.5 min;慢搅速度100 r/min,慢搅时间3 min的情况下,使用改性淀粉絮凝剂处理含油废水时,COD去除率为77.94%、石油类去除率为61.2%、透光率为62.7%、SS去除率为79.96%;最佳反应条件为:投药量为12 mg/L、温度为5~30℃、pH值为6-8.     

淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物的水解特性及絮凝性能研究

研究了淀粉-接枝-聚丙烯酰胺(St-g-PAM)的水解特性及其絮凝处理效能,并与相近分子量阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺产品作比较.结果表明,无论单独使用还是与无机絮凝剂复配使用,阴离子型淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物的处理效果均优于阴离子型聚丙烯酰胺;淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物的水解度大于1 7%时水解度对絮凝处理效果的影响不大,且絮凝处理效果均很好,而聚丙烯酰胺的最佳水解度为30%,大于或小于该值絮凝处理效果都会明显变差.     

石油、天然气工业废物处理与综合利用

X742 .0352(X) 203503含油废水絮凝剂一淀粉衍生物氏的净水性能/罗逸(华中科技大学化学系)…//水处理技术/国家海洋局杭州水处理中心一2以介,28(2)一1巧-ng环图均一7 本文就淀粉衍生物絮凝剂基本特点进行了分析,并对我国油田及炼油厂的一些典型含油废水的絮凝,除油及降Coo性能进行了评价。研究结果表明,与其它絮凝剂相比,以此类化合物处理含油污水有其特点和优势,可用于我国石油及其它含油工业废水的净化处理。图2表3X夕42 .032(X) 203501堆肥法处理含油污泥研究进展/王洪君…(石油大学环境研究与开发中心)//环境污染治理技术与设备/中科…     

絮凝剂产生菌对淀粉废水的处理效果

利用具有絮凝作用较高的两株假单胞菌属产絮菌(Pseudomonas)对马铃薯淀粉废水进行絮凝处理,考察了絮凝剂投加量、废水p H值、温度等因素对絮凝效果的影响。在淀粉废水处于自然p H值5.8时,絮凝剂投加量分别为4%和2%,少量助剂Mg2+的作用下,温度均为15℃,处理时间分别为20和40 min时,这2株产絮菌对淀粉废水的絮凝处理可达到最佳效果。     

化学絮凝剂预处理马铃薯淀粉废水的比较研究

马铃薯淀粉废水产生的季节性使得常规生物处理应用起来存在很大困难,采用絮凝剂对废水进行预处理可减轻后续处理负担。文章使用常规化学絮凝剂AlCl3、Fe2(SO4)3、PAM以及有机和无机之间的相互复配对马铃薯淀粉废水进行絮凝预处理,研究了投药量、废水pH值、助凝剂CaCl2投加量以及沉降时间等因素对絮凝效果的影响,确定了各絮凝剂处理废水的较佳絮凝条件,并在较佳条件下处理废水,通过综合比较处理效率、处理成本、絮凝条件难易程度等方面,确定了马铃薯淀粉废水的较佳絮凝剂为AlCl3+PAM,其具有废水处理效果好(COD去除率为41.08%,浊度去除率为95.06%,色度去除率为90.63%)、投药量少(2mLAlCl3+0.3mLPAM)、助凝剂投加量少(1mLCaCl)2、较佳pH在废水初始pH范围内、处理成本低(11.05元/t废水)、产生污泥量少(649g/t废水)等优点。     

Synthesis of the starch grafting of superabsorbent and high oil-absorbing resin

The graft copolymerization of the starch and acrylic were used to prepare the superabsorbent, and the high oil-absorbing resin was also studied preliminarily. In addition, following the method of the emulsion polymerization, the cerium nitrate amine was regarded as the initiator, the acrylic amide and the methyl methacrylate functioned as the monomer. There are several significant parameters taken into consideration such as the factors that influence the performance of the superabsorbent and the high oil-absorbing resin, the dosage of the initiator amount, the ratio of the starch and the monomer and the dosage of crosslinking agent.     

Synthesis of the starch grafting of superabsorbent and high oil-absorbing resin

The graft copolymerization of the starch and acrylic were used to prepare the superabsorbent, and the high oil-absorbing resin was also studied preliminarily. In addition, following the method of the emulsion polymerization, the cerium nitrate amine was regarded as the initiator, the acrylic amide and the methyl methacrylate functioned as the monomer. There are several significant parameters taken into consideration such as the factors that influence the performance of the superabsorbent and the high oil-absorbing resin, the dosage of the initiator amount, the ratio of the starch and the monomer and the dosage of crosslinking agent.     

等离子体改性PVDF中空纤维超滤膜的动电性质研究

为减轻膜污染以丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺为接枝单体,对聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维超滤膜用低温等离子体方法进行改性。用流动电位法,测定电解质溶液中膜的流动电位并研究电解质溶液的种类、浓度及pH值的影响,对比改性前后的膜流动电位变化情况。结果表明,流动电位绝对值随着电解质浓度的增大而减小,随着电解质溶液中阳离子价态的升高而减小;改性后膜的zeta电位略高于原膜。     

Synthesis and application of lignin-based copolymer LSAA on controlling non-point source pollution resulted from surface runoff

In this article,alkali lignin separated from paper pulp waste was grafted into a novel copolymer LSAA (a copolymer of lignin,starch, acrylamide,and acrylic acid).Its practical application effect and environmental safety were studied.The results of field simulation experiment indicated that the application of LSAA significantly affected the output of the runoff and pollutants.The runoff quantity was decreased by 16.67%-47.00%and the loads of total suspended solids (TSS),chemical oxygen demand (COD),total ...     

Synthesis of linear low-density polyethylene-g-poly (acrylic acid)-co-starch/organo-montmorillonite hydrogel composite as an adsorbent for removal of Pb(Ⅱ) from aqueous solutions

The purpose of this work is to remove Pb(II) from the aqueous solution using a type of hydrogel composite. A hydrogel composite consisting of waste linear low density polyethylene, acrylic acid, starch, and organo-montmorillonite was prepared through emulsion polymerization method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Solid carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (CNMR)), silicon^-29 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (Si NMR)), and X-ray diffraction spectroscope ((XRD) were applied to characterize the hydrogel composite. The hydrogel composite was then employed as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from the aqueous solution. The Pb(II)-loaded hydrogel composite was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ((XPS)). From XPS results, it was found that the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of the hydrogel composite participated in the removal of Pb(II). Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) followed the pseudo-second-order equation. It was also found that the Langmuir model described the adsorption isotherm better than the Freundlich isotherm. The maximum removal capacity of the hydrogel composite for Pb(II) ions was 430 mg/g. Thus, the waste linear low-density polyethylene-g-poly (acrylic acid)-co-starch/organo-montmorillonite hydrogel composite could be a promising Pb(II) adsorbent.     

Synthesis of linear low-density polyethylene-g-poly(acrylic acid)-co-starch/organo-montmorillonite hydrogel composite as an adsorbent for removal of Pb(Ⅱ) from aqueous solutions

The purpose of this work is to remove Pb(II) from the aqueous solution using a type of hydrogel composite. A hydrogel composite consisting of waste linear low density polyethylene, acrylic acid, starch, and organo-montmorillonite was prepared through emulsion polymerization method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), Solid carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(CNMR)), silicon-29 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(Si NMR)), and X-ray diffraction spectroscope((XRD) were applied to characterize the hydrogel composite. The hydrogel composite was then employed as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from the aqueous solution. The Pb(II)-loaded hydrogel composite was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy((XPS)). From XPS results, it was found that the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of the hydrogel composite participated in the removal of Pb(II). Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II)followed the pseudo-second-order equation. It was also found that the Langmuir model described the adsorption isotherm better than the Freundlich isotherm. The maximum removal capacity of the hydrogel composite for Pb(II) ions was 430 mg/g. Thus, the waste linear low-density polyethylene-g-poly(acrylic acid)-co-starch/organo-montmorillonite hydrogel composite could be a promising Pb(II) adsorbent.     

海洋中丙烯酸的研究进展

丙烯酸是海洋中的短链脂肪酸,是海洋中主要含硫化合物DMSP(dimethylsulfoniopropionate,β-二甲基巯基丙酸内盐)裂解的产物之一。本文综述了海洋中丙烯酸的来源、性质、在海洋中的作用以及海水中丙烯酸的测定方法。通过观测海水中丙烯酸的含量、分布及生物地球化学循环过程,有助于了解丙烯酸对海洋生态系统碳循环和硫循环的贡献。并对海洋中丙烯酸的进一步研究提出了展望。     

利用马铃薯淀粉废水处理沉淀物制备高吸水性树脂的研究

利用凹凸棒和膨润土混合黏土处理马铃薯淀粉废水,COD去除率可达52.8%,然后以马铃薯淀粉废水处理沉淀物为主要原料,采用水溶液聚合法合成高吸水性树脂,研究了中和度、沉淀物量、交联剂量、引发剂量等因素对吸水性树脂吸水倍率的影响。实验结果表明:当中和度50%、处理沉淀物8 g、交联剂0.015 g、引发剂0.15 g时,吸蒸馏水倍率可达793 g/g,吸自来水倍率可达227 g/g。     

Synthesis of lignin-based copolymer LSAA and the application on controlling non-point source pollution (NPS) resulted from surface runoff

In this article, alkali lignin separated from paper pulp waste was grafted into a novel copolymer LSAA (a copolymer of lignin, starch, acrylamide and acrylic acid). Its practical application effect and environmental safety were studied. The results of field simulation experiment indicated that the application of LSAA significantly affected the output of the runoff and pollutants. The runoff quantity was decreased by 16.67%-47.00% and the loads of total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were reduced by 17.78%-62.14%, 26.32%-59.91%, 26.67%-42.86%, and 22.18%-52.78%, respectively. Tests on its environmental safety showed that LSAA did no harm the soil. Compared with polyacrylamide (PAM), a dominant product in this field, LSAA exhibited similar effects and cheap cost. Thus, this study not only created a new product for controlling runoff water quality but also offered a beneficial application for industrial paper waste.     

碱木素及其改性产物制备重金属吸附剂的研究

从碱法造纸黑液中提取出的木素,在一定条件下,以硫酸铈铵为引发剂,与丙烯酰胺反应制取木素改性产物。用红外光谱对其结构进行表征,并研究了其对重金属离子的吸附性能。结果表明:在25℃下,改性产物对重金属离子Cu2+、Cr6+、Ni2+的吸附容量分别达到了53.9mg/g、47.2mg/g和25.9mg/g,并且对Cu2+、Cr6+、Ni2+的吸附在2.5h内即可达到饱和。