Betriebliche Umweltinformationssysteme (BUIS) Anforderungen und struktureller Aufbau

Appropriate organization structures, environmental controlling systems, and corporate environmental information systems (CEIS) are generally considered to be the essential instruments of a modern environmental management. Frequently, acceptance problems have been observed with respect to the installation of a CEIS due to the facts that there are no legal demands to implement such a system and, on the other hand, that theoretically based definitions of standards and structural principles of an CEIS are not yet available. As a consequence, different isolated solutions with rather low efficiency were hurriedly implemented by various companies. Regarding more precise request profiles for CEI systems, the present paper deals with the structural environment and the priority targets of an enterprise and with the organizational integration of environmental tasks. The operationalization into typical function fields yields tools to derive rough enterprise models, to analyze information streams and to select enviromentally relevant information as well as the routes which they tend to go. Based on these fundamental instruments, a CEIS architecture (structure and organization) can be developed whose realization is eventually supported by a ten-step plan. Existing EDP solutions are deliberately excluded in order to verify the general validity of the system architecture and to encourage creative potentials. The CEIS concept presented here, however, requires a transformation into operative practices, i.e. adjustment, completion, and combination of the elements concerning the detailed conditions of the enterprise under study.     

Das Bundes-Bodenschutzgesetz

The controversially discussed German governmental bill regulating the ?ordinances for the protection of dangerous changes in the soil and for the reclamation of contaminated sites” (Bundes-Bodenschutzgesetz — BBodSchG) aims to provide a reliable long-term restoration of soil functions, to take precautions against harmful effects as well as to restore soil and contaminated sites. Critics of the German Federal Soil Protection Act maintain that this ordinance is based on the economical use of the soil. Due to the quality of natural and use-related soil functions, the frequently discussed conflict between ecology and economy is established by legislators who do not provide the the necessary support. This procedure pinpoints the paradoxon of the German Federal Soil Protection Act. The German economical situation, in the author's opinion, will not be effected detrimentally by this act. Various regulations tie down the application of this ordinance. For this reason, the German Federal Soil Protection Act in its present form is an unsuitable instrument for the measures of soil conservation. The German Federal Soil Protection Act provides a framework for the introduction of integrated federal regulations. It covers issues such as evaluation and examination as well as measures to prevent the impact of hazardous soil contaminants. Hence, the legal disputes involving the above mentioned issue can effectively be opposed. Providing federal guidelines for working on contaminated sites seems to be the real aim of the German Federal Soil Protection Act in its present form. For this purpose, however a federal law for contaminated sites would be sufficient.     

Das OECD-Prüfrichtlinienprogramm

The Test Guideline of the OECD (organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) is concerned with the international harmonisation of physicochemical, ecotoxicological and toxicological testing methods for chemicals and pesticides. New guidelines have been actualised and survey reports (Detailed Review Papers — DRP) dealing with test methods and the related questions have been compiled for the OECD member countries. The basic work to this international programme has occurred by way of the national co-ordinators who represent the interface between the national experts and the OECD bodies. The co-ordination of the Test Guidelines in Germany involves specific experts as well as the routine convention of working groups for exchanging the specific state of affairs and the respective strategies employed.