地表水中TOC与COD换算关系研究

总有机碳(TOC)相对于化学需氧量(COD) 能够更全面地反映水体中有机物的污染程度,且TOC测定仪操作简单,数据准确。通过18个地表水水质自动监测站对水中有机污染物的COD与TOC监测数据的相关性研究,建立了TOC与COD之间的线性回归方程,为地表水的TOC监测代替COD监测提供了数据支持。     

总有机碳的测定及其在染料废水监测中的应用

总有机碳能够完全反映水中有机污染程度,已被许多国家所采用,我国也将它列入“污水综合排放标准”中。文章采用德国耶那仪器有限公司的Multi N/C TOC分析仪,用燃烧氧化-非分散红外吸收法分别测定直接染料、活性染料、分散染料、还原染料废水的TOC,并测定相关废水的COD值。实践证明在同类特定染料废水中,TOC与COD之间具有较好的相关性,因此可用TOC监测染料废水污染程度,该方法快速、简便、准确度高。     

常州市老城区水体有机污染分布特征及原因初探

为了老城区河道的合理整治,采用总有机碳（TOC）分析仪对常州市老城区3条河流及区域内浅层地下水的14个采样点水样进行3个月的总有机碳含量检测。老城区水环境受到不同程度的有机污染,某些地下水的TOC含量高于地表水,原因为地表水补给地下水,且老城区水体污染源主要来源于周边地区的生活污水,并受到关河、雨水等的影响,这为常州市老城区水污染治理提供了依据。     

印染废水中总有机碳与化学需氧量的相关性

通过测定水中TOC浓度，可综合性地判断废水中有机物污染的程度，也能全面、合理地了解废水中的有机污染物。现采用TOC4100燃烧氧化-非分散红外吸收测定仪，对几种印染废水进行分析测试，并通过对TOC值与COD值的比较，找出印染废水中TOC与COD的相关性。     

宿州市沱河沉积物氮磷和有机碳分布及评价

通过测定沱河宿州城区段沉积物中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和总有机碳(TOC)的含量,分析其分布特征,运用C/N和N/P比值法研究其可能来源,采用有机指数和折算后有机氮评价沱河沉积物污染状况。结果表明:沱河城区段沉积物中TN、TP和TOC平均质量比分别为1 343 mg/kg、608 mg/kg和30 201 mg/kg;C/N和N/P比值表明河流底泥沉积物中C、N和P污染可能是外源输入,且受煤炭工业发展影响较大;有机氮达到Ⅲ级,属于尚清洁程度,有机指数达到Ⅳ级,属于有机污染范畴,5号采样点需引起有关部门注意。     

革基布废水中TOC和COD的相关研究

通过对革基布企业废水中CODcr和TOC测定结果相关性分析,结果表明,革基布企业的CODcr和TOC相关性良好,为污水中有机污染物的TOC监测代替COD监测提供了实践依据。     

南通市环境监测中心站参加《行政许可法》知识竞赛

目前，国内应用较多的总有机碳自动监测仪是TOC2000型总有机碳自动监测仪(法国Seres公司)，它采用湿法氧化一红外吸收即紫外催化氧化一红外吸收法。今将该监测仪常见故障的处理方法作一介绍，供参考。     

万峰湖总有机碳空间分布特征

于2012年9月对万峰湖(水库)的总有机碳(TOC)空间分布特征进行研究,结果显示:TOC含量范围为0.41~3.94 mg/L。TOC在纵向分布上的差异不显著,在垂向分布上,总体呈现出上层中层下层的趋势。TOC在垂向上的分布差异主要源于万峰湖属于深水水库,不同深度水层因光照和温度差异所导致生物量的多寡是致使万峰湖出现上层TOC浓度明显高于中层和下层的主要因素。     

利用TOC-5000A总有机碳分析仪测定环境水样中包含全部颗粒态有机碳的研究

本文结合TOC总有机碳分析仪和SSM固体样品燃烧装置各自的特点，探索了测定环境水样中包含全部颗粒态有机碳的测定方法．此方法能够全面反映环境水样中总有机碳的含量     

快速推算废水中的BOD 5

生化需氧量（BOD5）是评定污、废水中有机物污染程度的一个重要指标，但经典的稀释接种法测定BOD5步骤烦琐、耗时。随着经济发展，城市污水增加，水质监测工作日益增多，有必要找出测定BOD5更简便的方法。实验表明，总有机碳（TOC）与BOD5之间存在一定的相关性，两者的原理虽不尽相同，但对于同一类污水，     

化学需氧量和总有机碳在水质在线监测中的比较

化学需氧量（COD）和总有机碳（TOC）是定量表示水体受有机物污染的2个重要代表性指标。传统的COD在线监测方法在监测有机污染物方面存在一定的挑战，系统比较了COD和TOC在线监测方法在特殊水质中的应用。结果显示：TOC对难氧化有机物的氧化效率高达98%，高氯离子和无机还原性离子对TOC测量误差影响分别约为10%和7%。TOC可更直接、更准确地反映出水体受有机物污染的情况，最后对TOC指标在水质在线监测中的推广应用提出建议。     

The orientation of water quality variation from the metropolis river–Huangpu River, Shanghai

The Huangpu River supplies eighty percent of daily water used for life and industry for about 20 million people in Shanghai, China. Industry and human sewerage from the metropolis is mainly released into the Huangpu River, which flows past the Shanghai city area. The pollution caused by city life and production in the Huangpu River has occurred for years. In this paper, the contents of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Cr, Cd, and Hg), total organic carbon (TOC), and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Huangpu River are discussed. Data from environmental monitoring from 1991 to 2002 are compared to understand the variation and trends of the pollution. Results indicate that metals have been reduced efficiently, but organic pollutants develop in aggravating trend as human sewage increase. The variation of the organic pollutant concentration, which are lower than other similar river's of China, US, and Canada, in the Huangpu River suggests that the organic pollution maybe a problem of water quality evolvement in metropolis river protection, which should be accentuated in the world today.     

Total organic carbon analysis as a precursor to disinfection byproducts in potable water: oxidation technique considerations

In recent years, an increasing number of regulations and methodologies have begun to utilize total organic carbon (TOC) analysis for monitoring microbial contamination and/or disinfectant byproduct (DBP) precursors. This paper highlights some analytical differences and similarities between the two widely used TOC oxidation techniques: UV persulfate and high temperature combustion (HTC). Previous papers have come to different and sometimes contradictory conclusions on this subject. However, these studies either compared instruments with significantly different flow paths or TOC systems from different eras. Unlike previous studies, this paper compares two modern TOC analyzers with nearly identical flow paths for sample recovery, detection limits, and analysis of real world samples. On average, both persulfate and HTC oxidation yielded good recoveries for 10 hard to oxidize compounds and potable water samples from 5 different locations across the USA. In general, persulfate yielded more precise results because of its lower background response relative to sample response while HTC gave slightly higher results (roughly 2% to 3%) for surface water samples.     

Formation and modeling of disinfection by-products in drinking water of six cities in China

Water quality parameters including TOC, UV(254), pH, chlorine dosage, bromide concentration and disinfection by-products were measured in water samples from 41 water treatment plants of six selected cities in China. Chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid were the major disinfection by-products in the drinking water of China. Bromoform and dibromoacetic acid were also detected in many water samples. Higher concentrations of trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids were measured in summer compared to winter. The geographical variations in DBPs showed that TTHM levels were higher in Zhengzhou and Tianjin than other selected cities. And the HAA5 levels were highest in Changsha and Tianjin. The modeling procedure that predicts disinfection by-products formation was studied and developed using artificial neural networks. The performance of the artificial neural networks model was excellent (r > 0.84).     

Comparing removal of trace organic compounds and assimilable organic carbon (AOC) at advanced and traditional water treatment plants

Stability of drinking water can be indicated by the assimilable organic carbon (AOC). This AOC value represents the regrowth capacity of microorganisms and has large impacts on the quality of drinking water in a distribution system. With respect to the effectiveness of traditional and advanced processing methods in removing trace organic compounds (including TOC, DOC, UV₂₅₄, and AOC) from water, experimental results indicate that the removal rate of AOC at the Cheng Ching Lake water treatment plant (which utilizes advanced water treatment processes, and is hereinafter referred to as CCLWTP) is 54%, while the removal rate of AOC at the Gong Yuan water treatment plant (which uses traditional water treatment processes, and is hereinafter referred to as GYWTP) is 36%. In advanced water treatment units, new coagulation–sedimentation processes, rapid filters, and biological activated carbon filters can effectively remove AOC, total organic carbon (TOC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). In traditional water treatment units, coagulation–sedimentation processes are most effective in removing AOC. Simulation results and calculations made using the AutoNet method indicate that TOC, TDS, NH₃-N, and NO₃-N should be regularly monitored in the CCLWTP, and that TOC, temperature, and NH₃-N should be regularly monitored in the GYWTP.     

Total organic carbon analyzers as tools for measuring carbonaceous matter in natural waters

For some utilities, new US drinking water regulations may require the removal of disinfection byproduct (DBP) precursor material as a means of minimizing DBP formation. The Environmental Protection Agency's Stage 1 DBP Rule relies on total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations as a measure of the effectiveness of treatment techniques for removing organic material that could act as DBP precursors. Accordingly, precise and accurate methods are needed for the determination of TOC and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in raw and finished potable water supplies. This review describes the current analytical technologies and summarizes the key factors affecting measurement quality. It provides a look into the fundamental principles and workings of TOC analyzers. Current peroxydisulfuric acid wet ashing methods and combustion methods are discussed. Issues affecting quality control, such as non-zero blanks and preservation, are covered. Some of the difficulties in analyzing water for TOC and DOC that were identified up to 20 years ago still remain problematic today. Limitations in technology, reagent purity, operator skill and knowledge of natural organic matter (NOM) can preclude the level of precision and accuracy desirable for compliance monitoring.     

COD与TOC测定方法的比较

系统地对比了 COD和 TOC 两种水中有机污染指标测定方法原理，得出了 TOC 在直接代表水质有机污染、氧化有机物完全、产生二次污染物少、测定时间短和消耗劳动力少等方面优于 COD 的结论，并分析了 TOC 取代 COD 的难点和趋势。     

深圳市饮用水源中CODMn与TOC的相关性研究

通过对深圳市饮用水源中CODMn和TOC测定结果的相关性分析,结果表明,水库内监测点位及监测区域CODMn与TOC相关性良好,水库外监测点位及监测区域CODMn与TOC相关性不显著,而整个监测区域的CODMn与总有机碳相关性令人满意。因此,提出了TOC值可直接作为饮用水源在线监测有机污染物的综合评价指标,同时也实现了湿式氧化法测定TOC在地表水监测中的应用。     

差减法和直接法对水中总有机碳测定结果比较

为了比较差减法和直接法对水中总有机碳测定结果,分别配制差减法和直接法的工作曲线,并分别通过差减法和直接法对不同水体中的总有机碳含量进行测定。比较测定结果,发现差减法和直接法对较清洁水体样品的TOC测定结果误差不大,而对废水样品的TOC测定结果误差较大。