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1.
淮安市城市生态足迹分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
在介绍生态足迹的计算模型的基础上,计算了淮安市2006年的生态足迹。结果表明,2006年淮安市人均生态足迹是2.53hm^2,人均生态承载力仅为0.82hm^2,人均生态赤字则为1.71hm^2,反映了淮安市的生产、生活强度超过了生态系统的承载能力。  相似文献   

2.
乌鲁木齐地区水生生物监测指标的可行性研究通过鉴定由乌鲁木齐市环境科研监测中心站承担的“乌鲁木齐地区水生生物监测指标的可行性研究”课题10月11日通过市科委组织的专家鉴定。多年来,水环境的监测都较注重理化监测而理化监测只可以迅速准确地提供水质的瞬时污染...  相似文献   

3.
通过对1995 ̄1997年采暖期乌鲁木齐铁路地区70台锅炉的烟尘监测,对铁路地区的锅炉除尘现状有了一定的了解,并对该区现有锅炉和除尘器的运行状况进行了分析。  相似文献   

4.
基于RS/GIS的大辽河口湿地景观格局时空变化研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
基于1988、1995、2001和2007年的四期TM数据,应用GIS/RS技术与景观格局分析软件FRAGSTATS,定量分析大辽河口地区湿地景观格局的动态变化。结果表明,自1988年以来,大辽河口地区的湿地面积逐年增加,湿地景观多样性指数和均匀度指数呈现先降后升的趋势,景观破碎化程度增强。湿地类型变化主要表现在大量的自然湿地转化为人工湿地或人工景观,具体表现在转化为建筑用地、水稻田、养殖区。1988~1995年期间,大辽河口地区的环境质量下降,该地区生物生活环境的多样性降低,造成了一些物种种群数量的减少甚至消失;但是自1995年以后,该地区的景观多样性和均匀性升高,抗干扰能力增强,环境质量有所提高。研究区湿地景观格局的动态变化主要是受自然条件和人为活动干扰共同作用的结果。  相似文献   

5.
利用计算机研制了一个简易的污染底泥资源化选择软件系统,该软件采用多种污染底泥资源化方式对比结构和模块化程序设计方法,并根据最佳用户体验制造出简易和良好的运行环境和用户界面。将该软件系统用于温州市三垟湿地污泥、广州海珠湿地公园水体污泥、珠江三角洲湿地污泥的资源化选择,结果表明除温州市三垟湿地污泥适合填埋之外,其余2个地区的污泥可以作为农用施肥。  相似文献   

6.
日前,常州高校十多位教授和环境专业学生与常州企业中湿地保护专家联合组成的太湖湿地保护调研实践团队,先后赴苏州吴江、无锡滨湖、常州武进等地区进行了为期一周的环太湖湿地保护考察调研活动。调研结果显示,由于围垦、污染、淤积等威胁和保护管理能力薄弱,太湖流域湿地总体上呈面积逐步减少、生态质量逐步下降、  相似文献   

7.
为全面了解北京城市湿地的现状及近年来的动态变化情况,利用高分辨率卫星遥感数据,综合运用GIS技术与景观生态学方法,定量分析了北京市6环内的湿地空间格局。结果表明,北京6环内城市湿地以河流湿地和湖库湿地为主;2016—2018年间湿地面积有所下降,2年间减少了126.58 hm2,主要转化为草地,少量转化为建设用地和林地;由于城市外围的开发建设强度较大,5-6环湿地被侵占面积相对较大,而4环内湿地面积的波动较小;2016—2018年,北京城市湿地的斑块密度增加,平均斑块面积有所减小,表明湿地斑块随时间变化呈破碎化的趋势,且从城市中心向城市边缘,湿地斑块的破碎化程度增强。  相似文献   

8.
乌鲁木齐地区1986年降水的PH均值为7.29,说明乌鲁木地区的降水酸度属中性一弱碱性范畴。但是把固态降水和液态降水分开来研究,发现这两种形态降水的酸度存在一定的差异,本文就1986年乌鲁木齐固、液态降水的酸度差异进行了研究,并且通过对SO_4~-离子和Ca~(++)关系的探讨分析了差别产生的原因。  相似文献   

9.
本文介绍了安西戈壁荒漠自然保护区主要地物植被、水迹、湿地、地表物质组成的遥感影象特征,为类似地区遥感调查提供了经验。  相似文献   

10.
王庆燕 《干旱环境监测》1992,6(4):242-244,247
通过对乌鲁木齐地区几个水体中浮游植物的调查,根据浮游植物的群落结构、数量、优势种和污染指数来评价这些水体的水质。  相似文献   

11.
Despite California policies requiring assessment of ambient wetland condition and compensatory wetland mitigations, no intensive monitoring tools have been developed to evaluate freshwater wetlands within the state. Therefore, we developed standardized, wadeable field methods to sample macroinvertebrate communities and evaluated 40 wetlands across Northern California to develop a macroinvertebrate index of biotic integrity (IBI). A priori reference sites were selected with minimal urban impacts, representing a best-attainable condition. We screened 56 macroinvertebrate metrics for inclusion in the IBI based on responsiveness to percent urbanization. Eight final metrics were selected for inclusion in the IBI: percent three dominant taxa; scraper richness; percent Ephemeroptera, Odonata, and Trichoptera (EOT); EOT richness; percent Tanypodinae/Chironomidae; Oligochaeta richness; percent Coleoptera; and predator richness. The IBI (potential range 0–100) demonstrated significant discriminatory power between the reference (mean = 69) and impacted wetlands (mean = 28). It also declined with increasing percent urbanization (R 2 = 0.53, p < 0.005) among wetlands in an independent validation dataset (n = 14). The IBI was robust in showing no significant bias with environmental gradients. This IBI is a functional tool to determine the ecological condition at urban (stormwater and flood control ponds), as well as rural freshwater wetlands (stockponds, seasonal wetlands, and natural ponds). Biological differences between perennial and non-perennial wetlands suggest that developing separate indicators for these wetland types may improve applicability, although the existing data set was not sufficient for exploring this option.  相似文献   

12.
The Floristic Quality Index (FQI) has been used as a tool for assessing the integrity of plant communities and for assessing restoration projects in many regions of the USA. Here, we develop a modified FQI (FQImod) for coastal Louisiana wetlands and verify it using 12 years of monitoring data from a coastal restoration project. Plant species that occur in coastal Louisiana were assigned a coefficient of conservatism (CC) score by a local group with expertise in Louisiana coastal vegetation. Species percent cover and both native and non-native species were included in the FQImod which was scaled from 0–100. The FQImod scores from the long-term monitoring project demonstrated the utility of this index for assessing wetland condition over time, including its sensitivity to a hurricane. Ultimately, the FQI developed for coastal Louisiana will be used in conjunction with other wetland indices (e.g., hydrology and soils) to assess wetland condition coastwide and these indices will aid managers in coastal restoration and management decisions.  相似文献   

13.
Mediterranean wetlands represent unique repositories of biodiversity, but these ecosystems are increasingly threatened by human-induced habitat loss. Seventy percent of Greek wetlands (ponds, mires, marshes, etc.) have been lost in the past 80 years due to human intervention. In Greece habitat types of mires, listed in Directive 92/43/EEC, have been recorded in a few locations, one of the most important is Kalodiki wetland. Eutrophication key elements were determined at four sampling stations throughout 1 year in order to monitor the trophic conditions. Moreover, the zooplankton community was described as biological element relevant in the assessment of the ecological status of Kalodiki wetland. Kalodiki wetland exhibits nutrient concentrations corresponding to eutrophic conditions while according to chlorophyll-a values it is classified between mesotrophic and eutrophic status depending mostly on the sampling period. As concerning zooplankton community, it appears poor in species and dominated by small-sized organisms, which is generally typical of eutrophic, disturbed systems. Differences among zooplankton assemblages over seasons as well as among sampling sites highlight the role of both abiotic and biotic factors.  相似文献   

14.
乌鲁木齐市供暖锅炉污染状况分析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
王涛 《干旱环境监测》2005,19(4):237-239
1998 - 2002年乌鲁木齐市实施了“蓝天工程”,通过统计1998 - 2002年采暖季乌鲁木齐市供暖锅炉的监测数据,分析了供暖锅炉主要污染物排放状况及排放量的变化情况,对污染的原因提出了见解,指出供暖锅炉的烟尘超标排放和SO2排放总量高于烟尘排放总量应是乌鲁木齐市今后大气污染治理工作的重点.  相似文献   

15.
本文通过对影响街道空气中一氧化碳污染的因素进行了大量的监测及综合分析,找出乌鲁木齐市主要街道空气中一氧化碳的污染规律,为控制我市汽车污染提供科学依据.  相似文献   

16.
城市环境综合整治定量考核是中国为保护和改善城市环境质量而实行的一种行政性管理制度。该项制度目前采用20项指标,综合衡量一个城市的环境质量等级,并进行城市间的相互比较。乌鲁木齐市自1989年参加城考以来,成绩一直不理想,特别是环境空气质量得分不理想。本文采用通常方案和减排方案对2008年城考结果进行预测。结果表明,只有采取减排方案,才能改变乌鲁木齐市在全国城考中排名落后的状况。  相似文献   

17.
胡晏玲 《干旱环境监测》2010,24(2):69-71,75
对乌鲁木齐市采暖期进行SO2网格布点监测。结果表明:采暖期SO2浓度值分布在49~364μg/m3之间,72.4%的网格监测值超过国家二级日标准,污染严重。SO2浓度基本呈现4个梯度:第一梯度为市区西北部,SO2浓度小于120μg/m3;第二梯度为市区东北部,浓度为120~160μg/m3;第三梯度为第四梯度外围,SO2浓度为160~200μg/m3;第四梯度为市区中部及市区南部,SO2浓度大于200μg/m3。SO2污染随海拔高度的递增而增加,城市北部污染较轻,城市中心地带为重污染区域。  相似文献   

18.
苏君 《干旱环境监测》2009,23(2):125-128
为进一步掌握室内环境空气污染状况,对乌鲁木齐市毛坯房、公共场所和居民住宅的室内环境空气质量现状进行了监测统计,并调查了居民的健康状况,分析了室内空气污染的原因。监测结果表明,乌鲁木齐市新装修房屋室内环境污染较严重。对此提出了不同污染状况的防治对策。  相似文献   

19.
Wetland loss has been the major environmental problem in Sanjiang Plain, NE China in recent years because of the dramatic agricultural development. We determined the spatial associations of the wetland loss rates in an 11,000-km2 study area for two intervals of period 1 (1975–1989) and period 2 (1989–2004) spanning 30 years by using geographic information systems. The landscape of this area was simple with five categories, composed of ten types, and including three natural wetland types—open water, marsh, and wet meadow. Extensive agriculture was the principal cultivation form in terms of large size farm units in the area. Agriculture has become the principal land use category replacing natural wetlands over the 30-year period. It has changed the whole landscape of the region and the landscape pattern, causing wetland loss and fragmentation. The wetland loss rate of the area was very different between the two intervals, while wetland loss was not uniform throughout the region and was influenced by the landscape characteristics, such as topography, geomorphology, and the location of the wetlands in the watershed. Despite the remarkable land use changes, the wetlands distribution in the landscapes was similar compared to their original pattern. These results indicated that agricultural development affected the areas more than the distribution pattern of the wetlands in this region.  相似文献   

20.
乌鲁木齐市可吸入颗粒物水溶性离子特征及来源解析   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
采暖期时在乌鲁木齐市采集了环境空气中的可吸入颗粒物,对可吸入颗粒物质量浓度及8种水溶性离子的特征和来源进行了分析。结果表明,细粒子和粗粒子的月平均质量浓度分别是53.5~233.3μg/m3和38.9~60.9μg/m3;细粒子和粗粒子中水溶性离子主要由SO24-、NH4+和NO3-组成;粗粒子中NH4+与NO3-和SO24-的相关性分别是0.70和0.66,细粒子中NH4+与NO3-和SO24-的相关性分别是0.89和0.93,铵盐是乌鲁木齐可吸入颗粒物主要存在形式;煤烟尘是乌鲁木齐市采暖期可吸入颗粒物的主要来源。  相似文献   

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