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1.
选择国内10家制造商的玻璃纤维滤筒和国外2家制造商的石英滤筒,分别测定空白滤筒中的铍、铬、铅等17种元素,探讨不同滤筒中各元素的含量分布,同时结合相关分析方法标准的质控要求,评价各制造商玻璃纤维滤筒在废气监测中的适用性。  相似文献   

2.
用玻璃纤维滤筒采集固定污染源废气颗粒物,借助硝酸和氢氟酸的作用,使滤筒和废气颗粒物在160℃下消解,再用原子荧光法测定消解液中总汞。用50%热硝酸溶液处理玻璃纤维滤筒,消除滤筒本底值不一对测定结果的干扰,并优化消解过程,使该方法在0.050μg/L~1.00μg/L范围内线性良好。当采样体积为10 L时,方法检出限为4.5×10~(-5)mg/m~3,空白加标样6次测定结果的RSD为7.2%,加标回收率为87.0%~113%。将该方法用于测定某固定污染源废气颗粒物中总汞,测定值在标准排放限值内。  相似文献   

3.
以石英纤维滤筒采样,采用硝酸一氢氟酸消解体系,建立了电感槌合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定废气中铅分析方法。研究了仪器工作条件、方法的干扰和消除因素,探讨了空白实验对分析结果的影响;在选定的最优条件下。铅标准曲线的线性相关系数为0.9999;检出限为0.010mg/L;平均相对标准偏差为2.8%;加标回收率为97.8%~104%。与国家标准方法相比,本方法准确可靠,检测限更低,灵敏度更高,线性范围更宽,可用于废气中铅的含量测定。  相似文献   

4.
分别使用微波消解方法和传统的酸煮法对含铅滤筒进行前处理,采用火焰原子吸收法测定废气中的铅.结果表明,微波消解法具有消耗试剂少、效率高、速度快、结果准确等特点.  相似文献   

5.
通过国内外文献调研和硝酸雾采样方法比对实验研究,提出了固定污染源废气中的硝酸雾包括硝酸气体、硝酸液滴及颗粒物中的硝酸盐。建立了固定污染源废气中硝酸雾的分析方法:使用经1 mol/L Na2CO3溶液浸渍的石英滤膜捕集固定污染源废气中的硝酸雾,离子色谱法进行分析。实验结果表明:当采样体积为0.4 m3时,方法检出限为0.04 mg/m3;低、中、高浓度空白加标样品相对标准偏差均在9.2%以内,加标回收率为89.9%~117%。选取4种典型硝酸雾固定污染源废气进行实际样品采集与分析,硝酸雾质量浓度分别为1.62、1.86、1.63、19.8 mg/m3。对电子元件电镀车间固定污染源废气进行不同浓度的实际样品加标回收实验,加标回收率分别为86.0%和104%。  相似文献   

6.
本文系采用桑色素(Morin)试剂,在碱性介质中与铍离子作用,生成铍—桑色素络合物,在紫外或可见光照射下发射黄绿色荧光,用荧光分光光度计测定大气环境和工业废气中铍含量的分析方法。当采样体积为10m~3,最低检出浓度为1×10~(-6)mg/m~3。最高检出浓度为0.25mg/m~3。对不同铍含量样品测出值的相对标准偏差为5.6%和3.4%。方法的回收率在87%—110%之间。  相似文献   

7.
建立微波消解ICP-MS(电感耦合等离子体质谱法)测定废气颗粒物中常见的金属元素。将国产玻璃纤维滤筒与进口石英滤筒对比,最终选用国产玻璃纤维滤筒。样品采集后,选用HNO_3+HF+H_2O_2的消解体系,并在选定的消解参数条件下,得出这10种金属元素在0-50μg/L范围内线性良好,实际样品平行测定精密度RSD为1.8%~4.8%。此法可用于第三方检测公司批量测定废气颗粒物中的金属元素。  相似文献   

8.
针对废气固定污染源监测中存在的一些疑难问题,从工况的确定、断面的选择、间断排放的监测时间、滤筒及过剩系数的影响等方面进行了探讨,提出了一些解决办法。  相似文献   

9.
硫酸雾测试方法若干问题思考   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
简述了我国硫酸雾测试方法的发展历史,分析和总结了《固定污染源废气硫酸雾的测定离子色谱法》(HJ 544—2016)存在的一些争议和问题,包括硫酸雾的定义、测试方法的干扰控制等。分析认为,相比《硫酸工业污染物排放标准》(GB 26132—2010),HJ 544—2016对硫酸雾的定义更加合理。实验结果表明:硫酸盐是测试方法条件下的目标物,滤筒可以显著地捕捉硫酸盐。9组样品滤筒中,被测目标物所占比例为7.9%~69.1%;滤筒和前吸收液中,被测目标物所占比例为93.7%~97.8%。HJ 544—2016新增加的两级串联碱液吸收瓶可以较完全地捕集穿透滤筒后的硫酸雾,同时也会捕集SO2。SO2会对硫酸雾测试产生正干扰,约42.9%的SO2在被吸收后转化为硫酸雾。  相似文献   

10.
本法不需专门采样,取大气例行监测TSP的滤膜、降尘、降水即可测定铍。将采有TSP的过氯乙烯滤膜干灰化消化:降尘在高压密封缺罐中消化:降水酸化到含1%H_2SO_4的测试液,在石墨管中以氨水作基体改进剂,氘灯扣除背景,峰高定量。本法绝对检出量为3.0×10~(-13)g,用于测定大气、废气中的铍,不用玻璃纤维滤膜和滤筒,试液中基体浓度低,在氨水的化学作用和氘弧灯光谱学扣背景的作用下,干扰可完全消除。采集大气10m~3,制备10ml测试液,检出浓度为8×10~(-9)mg/m~3。称取降尘残渣0.100g,检出量为2μg/g:降水的检出浓度为0.008μg/l。  相似文献   

11.
The present study focused on monitoring the concentration of 14 halogenated volatile organic compounds in surface waters, including sea, estuarine, river water and industrial effluents in order to determine the most ubiquitous compounds and their concentration levels, which were used to establish their geographical and temporal distribution. EPA Method 502, based on purge and trap techniques, was used. In this method volatile organic pollutants are extracted (purged) from the water sample by bubbling inert gas through the aqueous sample. Purged sample components are trapped in a cartridge containing the polymeric sorbent Tenax and, thereafter, the cartridge is heated and backflushed with helium to desorb the trapped sample components directly into a gas chromatograph with electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The linearity range of the method varied from 0.1 to 4 microg L(-1) with a limit of detection at the low microg L(-1) level. The present study consisted of a monthly monitoring of 46 points throughout Portugal, during 14 months. Chloroform was found in 50% of the samples analyzed, its presence being correlated to both agricultural and industrial activities. Other compounds detected were tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride and 1,2,4 trichlorobenzene, which were present in 10-20% of the samples at concentrations up to 18 microg L(-1). 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane and its degradation product 1,1,2-trichloroethane were found in 5% of the samples, the levels of the latter being higher than those of the parent compound in most samples. Sporadic high concentrations of some volatile halogenated organic compounds were attributed to local uses as solvents.  相似文献   

12.
目前,对固定污染源废气中磷酸雾的检测并无统一的方法,相关含磷污染物的控制指标主要是磷化氢、单质磷以及五氧化二磷。在调研国内外分析方法及相关文献的基础上,通过对几种典型含磷污染源的实样测试,提出了固定污染源废气中磷酸雾的检测方法。结果表明,使用石英滤筒捕集固定污染源废气中的磷酸雾,采样效率可达98%以上。捕集到的总磷酸雾不仅包含磷酸,还包含磷酸盐以及含磷氧化物等,是一项综合指标。该指标能够反映含磷污染物的排放特征,可为未来此类污染物的排放控制提供依据。  相似文献   

13.
在企业污染源现场实现污染物排放浓度水平的快速判定和超标风险筛查,对生态环境管理部门提高执法效率、企业提高环境管理水平意义重大。铅是一种对人体危害极大的有毒重金属,目前缺少含铅废气中铅及其化合物的便携式直读检测设备和检测方法。探索性地将X射线荧光光谱(XRF)法应用于铅蓄电池企业含铅废气中铅及其化合物的便携式快速、直读检测。研究结果表明,基于XRF的面密度法适用于铅蓄电池企业含铅废气处理设施后铅及其化合物的快速、直读检测,相对国标方法具有快速、直读、对样品无损、便于复测等特点,可用于铅及其化合物排放浓度水平的快速判定和超标风险筛查。  相似文献   

14.
固定源硫酸雾国内外采样方法优劣分析   总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0  
固定污染源硫酸雾的国标采样方法为滤筒法,但对其采样效率研究较少。在调研国内外标准方法及相关文献的基础上,通过大量实样测定,对国标采样法进行改进:在内装滤筒的烟尘采样管后串联一个冲击式吸收瓶,此改进方法弥补了国标漏测气态硫酸雾的缺陷,采样效率达到99%以上,国标法仅为改进法的47%~68%。将国标改进法与USEPA采样法进行比对,结果表明,由于中国环境本底颗粒物浓度较高,硫酸雾易吸附于颗粒物上,致使USEPA采样效率仅为国标改进法的2?4%~12%。  相似文献   

15.
利用重量法测试原理,将氨法脱硫外排废气中烟尘监测滤筒用二次水经过超声波洗涤后过滤,在烘箱内于105℃烘干2 h后称量恒重,除去滤简中的硫酸铵成分,从而准确获得烟尘的含量.  相似文献   

16.
In this paper we demonstrate the use of SPE cartridges for sampling of organophosphate triesters in indoor air by adsorptive enrichment. The method has been optimised for the sampling and analysis of organophosphate triesters using a 25 mg aminopropyl silica SPE cartridge. The same cartridge is used for the active air sampling as well as for the subsequent extraction and clean-up of the sample. This makes the method fast and eliminates some tedious and time-consuming manual sample handling steps. Sampling and extraction efficiency was high for the investigated organophosphates, and limit of detection was in the range 0.1-0.3 ng m(-3). The method was applied to measurements of organophosphate triesters in two lecture halls and an electronics dismantling facility, and was compared with results from common filter/adsorbent sampling at each site. Analysis was made by GC with selective detection by NPD set in phosphorus mode, and by GC-MS. Thirteen organophosphate triesters (not counting isomers) were detected in the electronic dismantling facility. Chlorinated organophosphate triesters were detected in all locations with concentrations over 1 microg m(-3) in the lecture halls. This kind of adsorptive enrichment using an SPE cartridge could be adjusted to other types of analytes as well.  相似文献   

17.
Both regulated and unregulated air pollutants were detected during an intensive seasonal sampling campaign in a mixed industrial/semi-rural area on the outskirts of Rome, Italy, at two sites located opposite a hospital waste incinerator, downwind according to the direction of the prevailing local winds. Concentrations of pollutants were significantly lower than in urban atmospheres. The composition of particulate organic material indicated a heavy biogenic impact, accompanied by a lower contribution from petroleum-related processes. Both PAH and nitro-PAH group compositions of particulates were used to assess the nature and relative importance of sources. Both sites showed that different and diffuse sources contributed to local pollution with a significant contribution from traffic, proving that the hospital waste incinerator was not the main pollution source in this area. Among unregulated compounds, a series of positional isomers of nitro-PAHs and other organic compounds associated with particulate matter were investigated. In particular, 1- and 3-nitrophenanthrene identification was carried out, and they proved to be the most abundant nitro-PAHs.  相似文献   

18.
本文叙述了有组织废气中氟化物的测定方法。该法用碱性滤膜捕集氟化物,使现场操作大为简化,并使精密度和准确度都比溶液吸收法有较大改善。本文给出了方法的研究结果,最后给出方法的操作程序  相似文献   

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