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以南京某电镀企业搬迁遗留场地为例,根据《污染场地风险评估技术导则》(HJ 25.3—2014)进行场地调查及风险评估。结果表明:该场地作为工业用地开发,土壤中六价铬致癌风险高于可接受风险水平10~(-6)。该场地在开发前需进行场地修复,土壤中六价铬的修复目标为0.54 mg/kg,修复范围为电镀车间内、污水处理设施沟渠附近和总排口附近。 相似文献
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论述污染场地调查之前开展场地水文地质调查的重要性。通过案例说明,水文地质调查能够查明场地内各土层的渗透性,判断相对隔水层和透水层的分布特征,这些信息为建立场地水文地质模型、设计污染土壤取样范围和深度、确定地下水监测井设置深度和滤网位置提供科学依据,从而有效节约调查经费,提高调查结果的准确性。 相似文献
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环境分子诊断技术(EMDSs)是有机单体同位素分析和各种分子生物学技术的总称,将其应用于污染场地特征识别、修复方案可行性评估、监测和修复终止等污染场地环境管理过程中,探明土壤和地下水中污染物生物和非生物降解过程、降解速率及机制,确定不同污染来源,可弥补传统污染场地环境管理方法的不足,具有广阔的发展前景。文章综述了污染场地环境管理过程及传统方法的不足,介绍了有机单体同位素分析和各种分子生物学技术的基本原理和用途,并对各种技术的特点进行阐述和对比;介绍了EMDSs在污染场地环境管理中的实际应用,提出了EMDSs的发展趋势。 相似文献
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结合重点行业企业用地调查工作实践,分析了我国场地调查土壤中污染物监测分析方法标准现状和存在的问题,包括缺少一些行业特征污染物、重金属形态分析和现场快速检测技术标准,以及部分方法的可比性和适用性较差等,提出了结合污染场地环境调查土壤基质的特点及风险评估与治理修复的需求,加快制定缺失的行业特征污染物和重金属形态分析方法标准,及时修订和完善现行分析方法体系,增强标准的可比性、适用性和可操作性等建议. 相似文献
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环境生态风险评估(ERA)流程已经被纳入全球环境政策中,既用于规范新化学物质的授权和营销(前瞻性环境生态风险评估),也用于评估潜在的污染场地(回顾性环境生态风险评估)。将土壤生态毒理学应用于风险评估,能阐明有毒物质对土壤生态系统中生命有机体的危害程度与范围。笔者主要介绍了应用评估因子法和物种敏感度分布法对基于效应数据进行的外推与估算,并综述了欧美等主要国家和地区的土壤生态风险评估框架、相关法律法规及其实施情况等,为中国开展土壤污染物生态毒理效应和风险评估等相关研究提供参考。 相似文献
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基于Hakanson潜在生态风险指数的某垃圾填埋场土壤重金属污染评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将Hakanson提出的潜在生态风险指数法应用于垃圾填埋场及周边土壤重金属污染评价,扩充了评价因子,确定了各重金属的毒性系数及参比值。研究结果表明,评价区土壤中Hg的潜在生态风险较重,其后依次为Cd、As、Ni、Cu、Pb、Co、Cr、Mn和Zn。对污染场地的风险评估及生态修复有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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R. P. Breckenridge J. F. Keck J. R. Williams 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1994,30(2):113-138
This paper provides a review and justification of the minimum data needed to characterize soils for hazardous waste site assessments and to comply with the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA). Scientists and managers within the regulatory agency and the liable party need to know what are the important soil characteristics needed to make decisions about risk assessment, what areas need remediation and what remediation options are available. If all parties involved in characterizing a hazardous waste site can agree on the required soils data set prior to starting a site investigation, data can be collected in a more efficient and less costly manner. Having the proper data will aid in reaching decisions on how to address concerns at, and close-out, hazardous waste sites.This paper was prepared to address two specific concerns related to soil characterization for CERCLA remedial response. The first concern is the applicability of traditional soil classification methods to CERCLA soil characterization. The second is the identification of soil characterization data type required for CERCLA risk assessment and analysis of remedial alternatives. These concerns are related, in that the Data Quality Objective (DQO) process addresses both. The DQO process was developed in part to assist CERCLA decision-makers in identifying the data types, data quality, and data quantity required to support decisions that must be made during the remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) process. Data Quality Objectives for Remedial Response Activities: Development Process (US EPA, 1987a) is a guidebook on developing DQOs. This process as it relates to CERCLA soil characterization is discussed in the Data Quality Objective Section of this paper. 相似文献
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J. D. Bień J. ter Meer W. H. Rulkens H. H. M. Rijnaarts 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2005,9(4):221-226
A Health Index/Risk Evaluation Tool (HIRET) has been developed for the integration of risk assessment and spatial planning using GIS capabilities. The method is meant to assist decision makers and site owners in the evaluation of potential human health risk with respect to land use. Human health risk defined as the potential adverse effects on human life or health is generally accepted as the most important aspect for site assessment and planning of remediation strategies. It concerns polluted sites that endanger human health on one hand and derelict land that does not cause the immediate risk on the other hand. In current state-of-the-art risk-assessment, long-term spatial and temporal changes of risks, in relation to changes in contamination patterns and land use functions, are not taken into account. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the methodology developed for human health risk assessment in aspect of spatial and temporal domain. HIRET was developed as an extension for ESRI software ArcView 3.2 and allows performing dynamic human health risk assessment in long-term period, which is relevant for land use planning. The paper illustrates how such methodology can assist in environmental decision-making to enhance the efficiency of contaminated land management. A case study of contaminated site is given showing how data can be used within a GIS framework to produce maps indicating areas of potential human health risk. 相似文献
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针对工业场地有机氯污染土壤探索微生物修复的方法,试验表明:添加土著厌氧菌菌液及营养液的试验组,污染物去除率比空白组明显提高。基因测定结果显示,试验土壤中至少存在具有降解有机氯污染物能力的3种菌种。 相似文献
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土壤污染修复技术研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
总结了当前针对污染土壤的物理化学、生物及联合修复技术研究进展,归纳了纳米材料、生物炭和表面活性剂等新兴修复材料的优缺点及应用情况。提出今后的研究方向为强化生物修复技术,开展联合修复技术、复合材料修复技术及土壤修复技术风险防范研究。 相似文献
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综述了全氟和多氟烷基化合物(PFASs)在国内外地表水环境中的空间分布及污染特征,总结归纳了PFASs的来源和特征变化趋势。针对地表水中PFASs的监测种类、监测技术及风险评估等方面存在的问题,提出未来需加强日常监测,重点加强对水环境中新型PFASs的关注;针对流域中不同种类PFASs建立高特异性、高灵敏度监测新技术;筛选适合的水生生物作为环境污染指示物以应用于新污染物的评估等建议。为今后我国地表水环境 PFASs污染的现状调查及治理工作提供确实可行的科学参考。 相似文献