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1.
通过在拉萨市垃圾填埋场周边布设4个监测井,于2017—2018年采样分析24项地下水水质指标,并运用单因子指数、综合评价法、污染指数P_(ki)法、等标污染负荷比法等对地下水污染状况进行评价。结果表明:地下水水质在良好—优良范围内;单项污染指数1的有pH值、铅,相比背景井地下水水质有所下降;填埋场周边地下水污染程度呈轻污染,主要受到影响的指标为pH值、高锰酸盐指数、阴离子表面活性剂、铅、氟化物。  相似文献   

2.
垃圾填埋场地下水污染对居民健康的风险评价   总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
调查了某垃圾填埋场地下水和周边居民饮用水中的As、Hg等重金属和挥发酚等有机物的污染状况,运用美国环保局的健康风险计算模型,评估了该垃圾填埋场地下水对周边居民的潜在健康风险。结果表明,各类人群对4种有阈化合物的饮食和皮肤暴露的终身健康危险度在8.2×10^-11~1.3×10^-10之间,均低于可以接受的风险水平10^-6;对As的终身超额健康危险度在3.1×10^-7~4.9×10^-7之间,表明地下水中砷污染对居民潜在的致癌风险不明显。各类人群通过皮肤对Hg、As、Cd和挥发酚的暴露剂量比通过饮水暴露的剂量高0.7倍~14.5倍,皮肤暴露将是地下水影响人体健康并构成潜在风险的重要途径。  相似文献   

3.
2018年9月对苏州吴江区某生活垃圾受控(简易)填埋场整治工程进行土壤及地下水相关指标进行现场采样和实验室分析。通过采样分析发现:该生活垃圾填埋场周边环境土壤中无机物指标铬、铅、镉、砷、汞、铜、锌、镍含量均达到相关标准,土壤中53种挥发性有机物均未检出。地下水中氨氮、耗氧量、1,2-二氯乙烷含量均不符合标准要求。超标的主要原因是该生活垃圾简易填埋场建设期按未规范采取防渗措施,致使渗滤液向场地周边渗漏,污染地下水质。  相似文献   

4.
生活垃圾卫生填埋场的选址涉及多方面因素,该文通过对丽江市生活垃圾填埋的历史与现状、填埋量、填埋场分布等状况的分析,用层次分析法对正在使用填埋场进行适宜性评价,分析了导致污染的主要环境地质问题,对已污染填埋场的治理和未来填埋场的选址具有指导意义.  相似文献   

5.
为探讨垃圾渗滤液侵入地下介质的动态变化过程,引入基于电阻率法原理的地球物理探测手段,开展室内和室外渗滤液污染扩散的动态监测试验。结果表明,渗滤液在土壤中的扩散过程会引起不同时期视电阻率低阻异常区的动态变化,且变化幅度和污染程度存在一定量化关系,基于此特征可确定渗漏点和渗滤液扩散区的污染范围、程度及趋势。  相似文献   

6.
钼矿区周边农田土壤中重金属污染状况的分析与评价   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
对钼矿区周边农田土壤重金属污染情况进行了详细研究.选择该矿区受污染农田土壤样本80个,采用HNO3-HF-HClO4混酸对土壤样品进行处理,运用欧共体参比司推荐的BCR三步连续提取法进行化学形态分析;使用等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)测定土壤样品中Mo、Pb、As、Hg、Cr、Cd、Zn、Cu、Ni的全量及各种化学形态的含量并进行评价,同时对矿区地下水进行分析;采用spas软件进行数据分析.结果表明,矿山周边农田土壤重金属主要污染物为Cd、Hg并伴有Cr污染;Nemerow综合指数6.81,综合评价结果为该区土壤已受严重污染;Cd与As污染来源基本相同,Cu、Ni、Zn污染来源基本相同,Hg有独立的污染来源;重金属中化学形态分布为残余态>有机结合态>氧化结合态>酸可提取态;重金属Cr及Hg的有效态比例较大,可能会影响农作物的正常生长;矿山周边农田土壤重金属污染的原因可能是污染地下水的浇灌,矿石的开采、运输和大气降尘等过程;有机农药及塑料农用制品的施用过程,自然成土、矿物的伴生及其转化等过程.  相似文献   

7.
原广州氮肥厂地块地下水环境质量评价   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0  
对原广州氮肥厂遗留地块浅层地下水环境质量进行调查与评价。结果表明,其整个地块浅层地下水被污染,特别是硫酸车间和造气车间为地下水污染最重区域。主要污染项目为Mn、NH3-N、亚硝酸盐、Fe、总硬度、IMn、SO2-、F-。提出,在作土壤开挖、修复和新建工程项目过程中,工程施工排水应处理后方可排放,以减少对周围环境水体的影响;建筑工人应避免直接接触地下水,施工时佩带手套,做好保护措施,减少皮肤暴露。  相似文献   

8.
南京市某垃圾填埋场重金属污染现状调查   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
对南京市某垃圾填埋场的垃圾、土壤、植物、炉渣等样品中Cu、Pb、Cr、Zn、Cd、Hg、As、Sb、Mn重金属含量进行分析。结果表明,垃圾填埋场的填埋土中Cu、Zn、As3种重金属含量分别高出自然土壤背景值86%、250%,300%。潜在生态危害指数法评价的污染状况为:Cd、As〉Hg〉Cu〉Pb〉Cr、Zn;Cd和As的毒性贡献较大,存在极高的潜在生态风险。  相似文献   

9.
淮南潘北矿塌陷湿地土壤退化评价   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采煤带来的地面塌陷是极为重要的新生环境地质问题。以淮南潘北矿塌陷湿地为研究区域,其总氮(TN)含量平均水平为1.04g/kg,总磷(TP)含量平均水平为425mg/kg,在空间分布上均有从非季节性积水区向季节性积水区递减的趋势。土壤理化性质指标间总氮与有机质(SOM)含量呈极显著正向相关,与pH呈负向相关,与有效磷(AP)呈正向相关;总磷与有效磷表现为极显著相关;AP与有效钾(AK)、SOM都有很好的相关关系。通过应用相关分析和模糊数学的原理,以TN、TP、AP、AK和SOM等5个土壤肥力指标为基础,对该区域季节性积水区和非积水区土壤肥力进行数值化综合评价。季节性积水区IFI为0.463,非积水区IFI为 0.601,表明塌陷湿地形成后会加剧水域周边土壤的退化。  相似文献   

10.
膜界面探测器是一项采用直接推进技术,可实时提供场地地下挥发性有机物近乎连续分布信息的直接感测工具。以某历史上从事有机氯农药生产的废弃工业场地为例,运用该技术,配置土壤电导率传感器、电子捕获检测器以及氢火焰离子化检测器,对该场地中潜在污染区域进行快速筛选调查,初步确定了土壤和地下水中挥发性有机物污染的热点区域及其三维分布和地层信息,为后续进一步调查方案优化、场地概念模型建立及后续修复方案设计等提供了重要的信息。  相似文献   

11.
Dumping of solid waste in a non-engineered landfill site often leads to contamination of ground water due to leachate percolation into ground water. The present paper assesses the pollution potential of leachate generated from three non-engineered landfill sites located in the Tricity region (one each in cities of Chandigarh, Mohali and Panchkula) of Northern India and its possible effects of contamination of groundwater. Analysis of physico-chemical properties of leachate from all the three landfill sites and the surrounding groundwater samples from five different downwind distances from each of the landfill sites were collected and tested to determine the leachate pollution index (LPI) and the water quality index (WQI). The Leachate Pollution Index values of 26.1, 27 and 27.8 respectively for landfill sites of Chandigarh (CHD), Mohali (MOH) and Panchkula (PKL) cities showed that the leachate generated are contaminated. The average pH values of the leachate samples over the sampling period (9.2 for CHD, 8.97 for MOH and 8.9 for PKL) show an alkaline nature indicating that all the three landfill sites could be classified as mature to old stage. The WQI calculated over the different downwind distances from the contamination sites showed that the quality of the groundwater improved with an increase in the downwind distance. Principal component analysis (PCA) carried out established major components mainly from natural and anthropogenic sources with cumulative variance of 88% for Chandigarh, 87.1% for Mohali and 87.8% for Panchkula. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) identifies three distinct cluster types for the groundwater samples. These clusters corresponds to a relatively low pollution, moderate pollution and high pollution regions. It is suggested that all the three non-engineered landfill sites be converted to engineered landfill sites to prevent groundwater contamination and also new sites be considered for construction of these engineered landfill sites as the present dumpsites are nearing the end of their lifespan capacity.  相似文献   

12.
采用现场调研与实地监测相结合的方法对涪陵页岩气田一期工程污染源和区域环境质量现状进行深入调查研究,剖析涪陵页岩气开发对环境产生的影响。结果表明,涪陵页岩气田开发过程中废水实行循环利用,钻屑固体废物固化填埋,企业环保措施基本落实,短期内页岩气开发未对区域环境产生明显不良影响。指出修建井场、池体、道路等设施对生态环境具有一定影响,且随着时间推移,钻屑固化填埋对周围土壤及水环境也具有潜在影响。  相似文献   

13.
铬渣对中国地下水、地表水和土壤造成了严重污染,并对生态环境和人体健康构成了巨大威胁。开展对铬渣污染场地的修复工作已迫在眉睫。在分析铬污染特性的基础上,阐述了国内外最新铬污染场地修复技术研究动态,并概括分析了其不足与未来铬渣污染场地修复技术的发展趋势。  相似文献   

14.
简述了当前静力触探的现状与发展。介绍了国际最新研制的RCPTU(电阻率孔压静力触探)探头和多功能静力触探技术在污染场地评价、地下水污染和垃圾填埋场地下水位高度评估等环境领域的应用及工程实例。指出了多功能静力触探测试技术研究中存在的问题,展望了其应用前景。  相似文献   

15.
The purpose of this paper is to assess the groundwater quality near a landfill site using the modified water quality index. A total of 128 groundwater samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total organic carbon (TOC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, and Hg. The analytical results have showed a decreasing trend in concentration for TOC, Cd, Pb, Hg, and Cu and an increasing one for pH, EC, and PAH. The modified water quality index, which was called landfill water pollution index (LWPI), was calculated to quantify the overall water quality near the landfill site. The analysis reveals that groundwater in piezometers close to the landfill is under a strong landfill impact. The LWPI in piezometers ranged from 0.52 to 98.25 with a mean value of 7.99. The LWPI in groundwater from the nearest house wells varied from 0.59 to 0.92. A LWPI value below 1 proves that analyzed water is not affected by the landfill. Results have shown that LWPI is an efficient method for assessing and communicating the information on the groundwater quality near the landfill.  相似文献   

16.
将Hakanson提出的潜在生态风险指数法应用于垃圾填埋场及周边土壤重金属污染评价,扩充了评价因子,确定了各重金属的毒性系数及参比值。研究结果表明,评价区土壤中Hg的潜在生态风险较重,其后依次为Cd、As、Ni、Cu、Pb、Co、Cr、Mn和Zn。对污染场地的风险评估及生态修复有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

17.
This paper investigates the organic pollution status of shallow aquifer sediments and groundwater around Zhoukou landfill. Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, monocylic aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, organochlorine pesticides and other pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been detected in some water samples. Among the detected eleven PAHs, phenanthrene, fluorine, and fluoranthene are the three dominant in most of the groundwater samples. Analysis of groundwater samples around the landfill revealed concentrations of PAHs ranging from not detected to 2.19 μg/L. The results show that sediments below the waste dump were low in pollution, and the shallow aquifer, at a depth of 18–30 m, was heavily contaminated, particularly during the wet season. An oval-shaped pollution halo has formed, spanning 3 km from west to east and 2 km from south to north, and mainly occurs in groundwater depths of 2–4 m. For PAH source identification, both diagnostic ratios of selected PAHs and principal component analysis were studied, suggesting mixed sources of pyro- and petrogenic derived PAHs in the Zhoukou landfill. Groundwater table fluctuations play an important role in the distribution of organic pollutants within the shallow aquifer. A conceptual model of leachate migration in the Quaternary aquifers surrounding the Zhoukou landfill has been developed to describe the contamination processes based on the major contaminant (PAHs). The groundwater zone contaminated by leachate has been identified surrounding the landfill.  相似文献   

18.
以滇池草海污染底泥疏挖及处置工程为例,分析了湖库底泥疏挖项目环境影响评价因素识别与评价重点,探讨了施工期对水域水质及周围景观影响、施工期恶臭、噪声等的环境影响评价要点,底泥堆放对地下水与土壤环境影响、堆放恶臭对环境影响的评价要点,及疏挖工程的环境效益与运营期对周围生态环境影响分析的要点。针对该类工程在疏挖、余水处理和污染底泥堆存过程中的二次污染问题,提出了切实可行的二次污染防治对策。  相似文献   

19.
This paper was conducted in order to determine the groundwater and soil pollution within and around the landfill of Eskisehir, Turkey. In this paper, mud, leachate and groundwater samples were collected seasonally a year from near Eskisehir landfill-site to investigate the possible impact of leachate which affects soil and groundwater quality. Concentrations of various heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Co, Pb, Cr, Ni and Mo) were determined in mud, leachate and groundwater samples. In addition, the heavy metal transportation infiltrated from landfill through a porous medium into the groundwater was modelled in order to determine the potential groundwater pollution caused by the leachate of the landfill. The modelling of the contaminant transportation was carried out by using a multiflow computer programme which simulates the distribution of heavy metal concentrations. As a result of this study, the distribution of the contaminant concentration was modelled and determined with respect to time and distance. Hence, the contaminant concentrations were determined at any time interval according to distance. The heavy metal contamination in groundwater does not affect the wells found at far points from the source in a short time, e.g. 10, 20 and 30 days according to the obtained experimental results. When the time intervals extended more than 1 year, heavy metal concentrations decrease with distance but the concentration of the contamination increases when it gets closer to the pollution source. In this study, the potential contamination of groundwater was effectively estimated.  相似文献   

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