稀土生产废水治理方案综述

论述了稀土生产废水对环境的影响和危害，针对其影响和然害，从回收资源和废水达标排放角度，对稀土生产产生的酸性废水，硫铵废水和氯铵废水的各种处理方法进行了论述，通过对各种处理方法的筛选，优化，确定了最佳处理方案。     

某制药厂废水处理改造工程设计

江西某制药厂采用“水解＋接触氧化”工艺处理制药废水，出水超标排放。在原有工艺的基础上采用锅炉高温废气蒸发去除废水中的酒精，利用粉尘的吸附作用，和接触氧化工艺使原来不易生化，难于处理的废水，实现达标排放。     

纺织印染废水的处理技术

印染废水的色度大，有机物含量高，可生化性差．针对上述特点，采用了厌氧水解酸化一生物接触氧化、气浮等工艺处理印染废水．结果表明，该工艺对印染废水有很好的处理效果，最终出水基本达到无色，达到纺织染整工业水污染物排放一级标准（GB4287-1992），处理成本较低．     

炼油企业污水回用绿化灌溉对土壤的影响

总结了国内外炼油废水深度处理和回用的研究与生产应用的现状及近10年来处理炼油废水回用深度处理的一些新的工艺、技术和工业化应用的进展，指出了我国炼油废水回用的发展趋势．     

聚硅酸系混凝剂处理有机废水的研究

研究了由固体废物（炼铁废渣和炼钢废渣）制取的2种聚硅酸系混凝剂处理有机化工废水，结果表明，这2种聚硅酸系混凝剂不仅处理效果好，工艺简单，成本低廉，而且可以达到以废治废的目的，同时提高了废水的可生化性，为废水的后步处理打下了良好的基础。     

生物絮凝剂在啤酒废水处理中的应用实验

本文用生物絮凝剂处理可生化性的啤酒废水，对生物絮凝剂投加量、生物絮凝剂处理的适宜pH值、温度、金属离子影响等条件进行较系统的研究，绘制出单一因素对生物絮凝剂处理效果影响的曲线，确定生物絮凝剂处理啤酒废水的最适条件．经过5d处理，啤酒废水中COD去除率可达90．53％；污水中氨氮的去除率可达84．08％；絮凝率可达87．56％．     

中和循环法治理硫酸生产废水

采用中和、循环法治理硫酸生产废水，是小型硫到厂治理废水污染的有效办法，它具有投资少，工艺简单等特点，处理过的废水污染物含量大大低于处理前，效果显著。     

松香废水处理技术及机理研究

为了解决松香废水对环境的污染问题，采用内电解-生物法-混凝沉淀法处理松香废水。结果表明，在内电解反应时间为10h、生物法停留时间为24h、混凝沉淀法选用混凝剂为聚合硫酸铁、最佳投药量为200mg／L时，出水COD〈70mg／L，达到污水综合排放标准的一级排放标准。废水经过内电解处理后可生化性明显提高，对其机理进行研究发现，除特别难处理的高分子物质外，其他物质均能得到很好的处理。     

黄硫废水处理

根据黄磷生产废水的特征，综合国内外对黄磷废水的处理方法，提出了用石灰－漂白粉－硫酸铝对废水进行处理，可以达到国家排放标准，并可获得一定的经济效益。     

制药废水净化处理探讨

对甘肃兰药药业集团有限责任公司制药废水经高效混凝气浮处理、一氧池、二氧池、生物处理等工序处理后，废水达到或优于国家规定排放标准，对制药企业废水处理具有指导作用。     

新疆城市污水处理方式及利用途径初探

奎屯市城市污水的处理现阶段采用一级处理后接生物稳定塘的处理工艺是较为适宜的，但要注意做好污水及处理水的排放监测，加强排水管理，今后要逐步完善为规范的二级处理工艺。对污水处理要制定切实可行的水污染防治规划，不拘泥于现有的排水方案和污水处理厂选址，在污水厂下游建设规范的污水库作为处理水资源化利用的必要措施。我区多数城市水污染防治路线与奎屯市有着相似性，对各城市污水处理方式及利用途径可采用此方法进行深入细致的研究论证，为未来城市污水的有效处理及无害化、资源化利用打下基础。     

区域污染治理能力与排污规模的协调性评价

为分析区域排污规模与污染治理的协调性,构建了排污规模与污染治理协调度模型,并以2006、2013年的数据对模型进行实证分析。结果表明,制约排污规模和污染治理协调性的主要矛盾是污染治理能力的落后,全国70%以上地区污染治理能力均滞后于污染物产生规模;国内治理能力在研究期间不断提高,区域差异在不断缩小,治理能力过度滞后的省份由14个减少到2个;除江苏外2013年其余各地区均有1项或多项污染物的治理能力滞后,其中生活废水治理能力滞后的区域最多;经济发展水平是影响协调性的重要因素,2013年协调度与地区人均GDP基本呈线性关系。模型实证计算结果与主观判断也较为吻合,具有一定的推广应用价值。     

Enrichment of <Superscript>15</Superscript>N/<Superscript>14</Superscript>N in wastewater-derived effluent varies with operational performance of treatment systems: implications for isotope monitoring in receiving environments

Stable nitrogen isotope ratios are routinely used to trace the dispersion and assimilation of wastewater-derived N in receiving environments, but few isotope studies have investigated wastewater treatment plants and ponds themselves. An improved understanding of N isotope compositions in effluent will help assess treatment plant processes and performance and will help trace sources of excess nutrients in receiving environments. Here, we assess N budgets and treatment processes in seven wastewater treatment plants and wastewater stabilisation ponds in northern Australia based on concentrations and isotope ratios of N in effluent. We show that δ¹⁵N values in effluent are linked to treatment type, effectiveness of conversion of ammonia and levels of gaseous N emissions. These relationships suggest that N isotope monitoring of wastewater treatment plants and ponds can provide an integrated assessment of treatment performance and gaseous N emissions on a pond- or plant-wide scale that is not readily available through other methods. Our findings further imply that monitoring N isotope ratios in receiving environments cannot be assumed to be universally effective as their sensitivity to uptake of wastewater-derived N will vary with the characteristics of individual treatment systems. Paradoxically, N isotope monitoring is less effective where treatment systems are functioning poorly and where monitoring needs are the greatest.     

生态塘组合工艺处理小城镇生活污水的前景及应用

简述了小城镇战略定位及污水处理重要性和紧迫性，指出我国小城镇污水处理的现状及压力，分析了适宜于小城镇污水处理的生态塘组合处理工艺作为一项高效实用的环保技术的优势和发展趋势，并通过生态塘湿地系统在南京汤泉镇污水处理中的应用实例分析，介绍了构建生态塘系统的关键设计参数及其工艺特点，为小城镇生态保护与建设污水处理厂提供技术支撑和示范样板。     

Examination of the operator and compensator tank role in urban wastewater treatment using activated sludge method

No doubt, operator is one of the main fundaments in wastewater treatment plants. By identifying the inadequacies, the operator could be considered as an important key in treatment plant. Several methods are used for wastewater treatment that requires spending a lot of cost. However, all investments of treatment facilities are useable when the expected efficiency of the treatment plant was obtained. Using experienced operator, this goal is more easily accessible. In this research, the wastewater of an urban community contaminated with moderated, diluted and highly concentrated pollution has been treated using surface and deep aeration treatment method. Sampling of these pilots was performed during winter 2008 to summer 2009. The results indicate that all analyzed parameters were eliminated using activated sludge and surface aeration methods. However, in activated sludge and deep aeration methods in combination with suitable function of operator, more pollutants could be eliminated. Hence, existence of operator in wastewater treatment plants is the basic principle to achieve considered efficiency. Wastewater treatment system is not intelligent itself and that is the operator who can organize even an inefficient system by its continuous presence. The converse of this fact is also real. Despite the various units and appropriate design of wastewater treatment plant, without an operator, the studied process cannot be expected highly efficient. In places frequently affected by the shock of organic and hydraulic loads, the compensator tank is important to offset the wastewater treatment process. Finally, in regard to microbial parameters, existence of disinfection unit is very useful.     

南京市污水处理厂污泥处理处置现状

调查了南京市污水处理厂污泥产生量、成分、达标状况以及污泥处置方式,指出了污泥处置中存在的问题。提出依据国家相应的标准和法律法规,建立和完善污泥处理处置产业政策,大力发展相关技术和工艺等建议。     

基于WATER9模型的城镇污水处理中VOCs排放量研究

通过开展城镇污水处理模拟实验,与WATER9模拟结果比对和误差分析,使用优化后的WATER9模型模拟计算扬州汤汪污水处理厂一期工程的VOCs排放量,并分析各参数对VOCs排放量的影响.结果表明:WATER9模型满足城市污水处理厂污水处理过程中VOCs排放量的模拟要求,优化后的模拟值与实测值之间的相对偏差小于8％.实验结...     

A Characterization of Selected Endocrine Disruptor Compounds in a Portuguese Wastewater Treatment Plant

Anthropogenic compounds that are able to disrupt the endocrine system of wildlife species are a major cause for concern and have led to a demand for new screening methods. The identification and quantification of endocrine disruptor compounds at wastewater treatment plant is of major interest to assess the endocrine activity of wastewater treatment plant discharges into the environment. This study consists of a preliminary survey of concentrations of previously selected endocrine disruptor compounds, undertaken to establish environmental concentrations and to support a biological program assay exposing freshwater fish to them. Selected endocrine disrupting chemicals (APEs, bisphenol A and 17 β-estradiol) were measured in samples from a wastewater treatment plant located in Lisbon (Portugal), using recent commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits and also LC-MS/MS. The results show that the wastewater treatment plant treatment process is efficient on the removal of target endocrine disruptor compounds. However, environmentally significant concentrations are still present in the treated effluent. The results also show that enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit is suitable for routine analysis of the selected compounds. The results are also useful since the wastewater treatment plant is located in a Mediterranean region, which results in an effluent with its own characteristics.     

论国内电子废弃物污染现状与改善对策

当前,电子废弃物的处理处置已经成为我国面临的一项全新挑战.国内电子废弃物的处理处置正向产业化方向稳步推进.本文介绍了我国目前电子废弃物的特点和处理电子废弃物的污染现状,并且结合我国国情相应地提出了我国在电子废弃物处理处置过程中的预防措施和改善对策.     

一起河流砷污染事故的处置与监测分析

介绍了大沙河砷污染事故的处置和监测分析。多介质排查监测摸清了污染的范围和程度,为治理工作提供了科学依据,污染治理措施有效控制了污染的扩散;监测数据表明,治理措施将水中砷污染物沉降至河床使污染水质达标排放。吸附了大量砷化合物的底泥被清理并进一步处置,多介质跟踪监测应持续进行直至不存在潜在危害。