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1.
为贯彻相关法律、法规,保护环境,防治污染,促进锅炉生产、运行和污染治理技术的进步,对《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》进行了第三次修订。文章从实际出发解读了新标准对锅炉大气污染物浓度排放限值、监测和监控的要求,从而为更好地执行该标准起到了积极的作用。  相似文献   

2.
分析了企业自行监测方案中执行污染物排放标准在适用类别、标准变更、适用范围、涵盖的污染物种类等方面存在的主要问题及原因,并从企业执行排放标准的原则、排放标准变更及(执行)时间变化、工艺特点与排放标准的关系、排放污染物种类的识别等角度,提出了审核时应把握的关键点。  相似文献   

3.
新标准《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》(GB 13223—2011)中现役机组排放限值于2014年7月1日正式执行,与旧标准《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》(GB 13223—2003)相比排放限值大幅趋严,且增加了燃煤电厂汞排放限值。选取具有代表性的电厂锅炉进行手工和在线监测,结果表明,燃煤机组需有高效除尘器和脱硝设施才可稳定达标;燃油机组无法达到标准限值要求,未来应逐步淘汰或改用清洁能源;天然气机组二氧化硫和氮氧化物可以达到该标准要求。建议对燃煤电厂锅炉低负荷下脱硝设施的运行、低浓度下烟尘测定的准确性以及汞排放监测进一步研究。  相似文献   

4.
比较了GB18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》与相关行业和国家标准的特点,指出执行GB18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》的关键应是充分了解和掌握被执行对象所处的地理位置、建厂年限、处理工艺、污染物排放去向及用途等基本信息。提出选择控制项目的确定、监测能力的开发、大气污染物的配套治理手段和超标项目的配套管理办法是执行GB189182002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》时尚需深入解决的问题。  相似文献   

5.
孔昭音 《干旱环境监测》2005,19(1):56-57,F004
就现行大气污染物排放标准未包括导热炉的问题,分析了各种大气污染物排放标准的适用范围和控制的污染物种类;分析了导热炉的结构、燃料种类、燃烧方式、排放的污染物种类,提出了导热炉大气污染物排放标准适合于执行《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》的建议。  相似文献   

6.
从实际的恶臭监测分析出发,结合执行《恶臭污染物排放标准》过程中的各种体会,从标准的适用范围、浓度排放限值以及采样环节等三个方面,对《恶臭污染物排放标准》的修订提出了若干意见.建议对排放标准的适用范围进行调整,增加行业排放标准,对有组织排放增加浓度排放限值规定,对采样气象条件、采样点位、采样频率进行明确,并引入背景值或本底值的测量,对测量结果进行修正.  相似文献   

7.
应用大气污染物排放标准易混淆和忽视的问题   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以《锅炉大气污染物排放标准(GB13271_2001)》、《火电厂大气污染物排放标准(GBl3223_1996)》等几个相关标准为实例,对标准的适用范围、过量空气系数折算、烟囱设置规定和锅炉房容量等易混淆和忽视的问题进行比较分析,对正确执行标准有所帮助。  相似文献   

8.
目前,相关环境标准中均未明确制定关于导热炉大气污染物的排放内容。因此,对于导热炉的大气污染排放,各环境管理及监测部门均没有统一的执行标准。本文从导热炉工作原理、污染物排放特点等方面进行了分析,对其执行标准提出了个人的观点。  相似文献   

9.
2.石河子市实行水污染物排放许可证制度的实践 根据国家环保局对水污染物排放许可证试点工作的要求和自治区环保局的统一安排,现就如何在执行自治区地方排放标准的同时控制负荷指标和通过许可证制度强化监督管理的有关问题论述如下: 2.1 制订总量控制标准的依据 在执行国家污水综合排放标准时,存在着当地不能保证达到水环境质量的水体。为此,可依据实际情况,制订相应的地方标准,自治区污水综合排放标准中明确规定:“执行本标准如不能满足当地环境  相似文献   

10.
《污水综合排放标准》的实施与监测   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
GB8978-96《污水综合排放标准》于1998年1月1日起开始实施。为了在环境监督管理和监测取证中正确实施新标准,对标准制(修)的基本原则,行业标准和综合标准的关系;标准运用的范围,时段的划分功能区,控制区标准分级和控制技术的关系;排放污染物的分类和标准值及排污的监测等问题作了说明,以提供在新标准实施过程中参考。  相似文献   

11.
现行监测方法标准与监测技术规范中存在的问题与改进   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
研究与分析了现行有效的环境监测方法标准与监测技术规范,指出了一些较早颁布的环境监测方法标准如最经常使用的《水质化学需氧量的测定重铬酸盐法》(GB 11914—1989)等存在的未明确给出检出限、测定下限(即未给出方法的定性、半定量以及定量监测范围)以及使用术语不统一、不规范等问题。研究发现,《地表水和污水监测技术规范》(HJ/T 91—2002)等监测技术规范普遍存在的最大缺陷是没有引入测定下限的概念,未考虑与规定半定量区间内的监测结果报出问题。此外,这些规范也存在着术语使用不统一、不规范的现象,且对于低于检出限的监测结果应如何报出与参与统计的规定存在不一致现象。研究列举了一些存在问题的环境监测方法标准和环境监测技术规范,对其进行剖析,揭示问题,并对其下一步的修改、完善提出建议。  相似文献   

12.
介绍了挥发性有机物(VOCs)的界定与危害,以及美国、欧盟、日本 VOCs的排放标准、控制经验、效果、气体标准样品研究现状等。分析了我国 VOCs的污染、标准体系建设、标准样品等研究现状及存在的问题,提出我国应建立 VOCs筛选优控名单、制定并完善行业排放标准和监测方法体系,以及开展 VOCs气体标准样品研究等相关对策和建议。  相似文献   

13.
现有环境空气质量手工监测技术规范颁布于2005年,至今已近10年,这期间部分标准分析方法被废止,部分有所更新,并新增了很多标准分析方法。2012年颁布的新环境空气质量标准中增加的PM2.5、镉、汞、砷、六价铬等项目在手工监测技术规范中未涉及。针对手工监测技术规范在实际应用中存在的问题提出几点修订建议。  相似文献   

14.
Light duty gasoline vehicles account for most of CO hydrocarbons and NOx emissions at the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City (MAMC). In order to ameliorate air pollution from the beginning of 2001, Tier 1 emission standards became mandatory for all new model year sold in the country. Car manufacturers in Mexico do not guarantee the performance of their exhaust emissions systems for a given mileage. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the Tier 1 vehicles will stand the certification values for at least 162000 km with the regular fuel available at the MAMC. Mileage accumulation and deterioration show that certified carbon monoxide emissions will stand for the useful life of the vehicles but in the case of non-methane hydrocarbons will be shorter by 40%, and nitrogen oxides emissions above the standard will be reached at one third of the accumulated kilometers. The effect of gasoline sulfur content, on the current in use Tier 1 vehicles of the MAMC and the impact on the emissions inventory in year 2010 showed that 31000 extra tons of NOx could be added to the inventory caused by the failure of the vehicles to control this pollutant at the useful life of vehicles.  相似文献   

15.
通过分析新疆准东经济技术开发区各行业的二氧化碳排放量及排放特征,研究新疆准东经济技术开发区碳达峰碳中和的实现路径。分析结果显示,准东经济技术开发区最主要的二氧化碳排放源是化石燃料燃烧,其对二氧化碳排放量的贡献比例在95.2%以上。能源活动二氧化碳排放量占总排放量的98.5%以上;工业生产过程排放的二氧化碳较少,占比在1.5%以下。新疆准东经济技术开发区主要二氧化碳排放行业是煤电、电解铝、煤化工、硅基新材料。在此基础上,结合各行业特点,提出发展园区循环经济、制定低碳行业标准和培育低碳产业等详细对策。  相似文献   

16.
An innovative approach of mean emission by vehicle type was used in this paper to assess the impact of new vehicle emission standards in Beijing, China during the period of 2000–2005. It was found that CO and NOx emissions decreased by 48% and 23%, respectively, from Type O (before 2000) to Type I (year 2000) vehicles. The reductions from Type O to Type II (year 2002) vehicles were 85% and 73% for CO and NOx, respectively. When all three types of vehicles (Types O, I and II) are combined, the annual per vehicle CO emissions decreased from 586 kg per vehicle per year in 2000 to 324 kg per vehicle per year in 2005, while that of NOx decreased from 66.9 to 43.4 kg per vehicle per year, which was mainly resulted from the impact of stringent new vehicle emission standards implemented in years 2000 and 2002. However, the vehicle population increased by 70% during the same time period, which offset the impact of cleaner vehicles. Thus, the total vehicle emission decreased little for CO (885,000 tons in 2000, 837,000 tons in 2005) and even increased slightly for NOx (101,000 and 112,000 tons in 2000 and 2005, respectively). The ambient concentrations of CO decreased significantly throughout 2000–2005, the same trend was not observed for NO2. Correlation analysis (grey correlation and Pearson correlation) between the annual vehicle emissions and annual concentrations of CO, the annual NOx emission and annual NO2 concentration indicated that the implementation of new vehicle emission standards was associated with the abatement of ambient CO and NO2 concentrations in Beijing.  相似文献   

17.
随着中国环境问题特别是大气环境问题的凸显,环境承载能力研究成为国内各界关注的热点。采用大气污染物年均质量浓度与新的空气质量标准比较的方法即超标倍数法,对全国330个地级城市进行大气环境承载力评价。评价结果表明,有70%的城市大气环境超载,大气环境承载形势严峻。超载最严重地区为京津冀及周边区域,长三角地区、中部大部分地区。PM2.5为大多数重点城市超载的首要污染物。通过对比大气环境承载指数与污染物排放总量、污染排放强度、人口、第二产业、地形、气象等因素的相关关系发现,不同地区主要影响因素不同,应该采取分区域、季节等差别化手段控制污染物排放,提高环境承载能力。  相似文献   

18.
国内外VOCs排放管理控制历程   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
介绍了挥发性有机污染物(VOCs)的定义、来源和危害,回顾了国内外VOCs监测技术、观测浓度、排放标准及规范,概括了欧美等发达国家宏观层面上的VOCs排放管理控制战略、经验及效果.建议我国建立VOCs在线监测网络,开展VOCs排放清单计算工作,进一步加强机动车尾气排放VOCs控制,初步制定宏观层面的VOCs总体控制战略...  相似文献   

19.
In this study the emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and their nitro-derivates (NPAH) from a modern heavy duty engine were analysed. Focus was on the effects of the aftertreatment system. It consisted of an oxidation catalyst coupled to a diesel particulate filter (DPF). In such systems the process of PAH and NPAH degradation may compete with the NPAH formation. Scope of the study was to explain to which extent modern DPF could support the formation of highly mutagenic NPAH by nitration of pre-existing PAH. It was found that the diesel trap reduced the total amount of PAH and NPAH emitted both at low load and high load. Nevertheless, at low load the lower temperatures and the higher NO(2) concentration furnished better conditions for PAH nitration while they were more adverse to NPAH degradation. These effects were NPAH-specific. For these reasons, some NPAH like 3-nitrophenanthrene were still efficiently degraded but others were newly formed. For instance emissions of the highly toxic 1-benzo(a)pyrene and 6-nitrobenzo(a)pyrene where increased by a factor 15 at low load and, even if in lower amount, were formed also at high load. The super-mutagen 1,6-dinitropyrene, which was not present in raw exhaust, could be found only after the DPF, indicating a new formation. In regard to emissions from the active regeneration mode, tremendous high emissions of 1-nitropyrene were reported. More accurate investigation of such a regeneration mode would be of great interest for the future.  相似文献   

20.
A remote sensing study was conducted in year 2006 in four locations of the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City (MAMC). Two of the sites were the same studied back by us in year 2000 and by others in year 1994. A database was compiled containing 11,289 valid measurements for the carbon monoxide (CO), total hydrocarbons (THC), and nitric oxide (NO) exhaust vehicles emissions. Valid measurements were binned for each pollutant by the vehicle specific power (between −5 and 20 kW tonne−1) for the 2000 and 2006 databases. The mean average CO, THC, and NO emissions for year 2006 were determined to be 1.10 ± 0.18 vol.%, 299 ± 88.4 ppm, and 610 ± 115.0 ppm, respectively. Matching the vehicle driving patterns of the fleet measured in year 2000 with the emissions factors obtained in this work, allows estimating the trends in the exhaust emissions of vehicles in the MAMC. The adjusted results of the remote sensing study performed in year 2006 shows that the fleet has decrease 22% in CO and 17% in NO emissions, with small change in total hydrocarbons emissions. The improvements could be related with the introduction in year 2001 of vehicles that met tighter emissions standards, particularly for nitrogen oxides.  相似文献   

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