自来水不同处理单元出水中非挥发性有机物的变化研究

本工作利用ＸＡＤ－２大网状树脂，富集了某水厂黄河源水及不同处理单元出水中非挥发性微量有机物，运用ＧＣ／ＭＳ测定了不同水样中非挥发性有机物。     

冷原子荧光法测定水样中μg／L和ngL量级汞

冷原子荧光法测定水样中μｇ／Ｌ和ｎｇ／Ｌ量级汞柴玉珍（江苏省丹阳市环境监测站丹阳２１２３００）目前测量水样较低含量汞的方法已有不少［１～３］。其中有些方法需对水样汞进行富集,手续较繁。今应用高灵敏数字荧光测汞仪,不需富集即可直接测定水中μｇ／Ｌ和ｎｇ...     

环境样品中半挥发性有机物的GC／MS定量

介绍了开展ＧＣ／ＭＳ定量必须满足的诸条件。根据环境样品定量的经验，报导开展半挥发性有机物定量工作的技术路线和注意要点。     

气动进样氢化物发生原子吸收法测定水中低含量硒

水样用盐酸和高氯酸消化,消化液在氢化物发生器中与硼氢化物钾反应,生成硒化氢,用载气送入石英管原子化器,配以石墨炉程序控制,测定水中低含量硒,线性范围０μｇ／Ｌ～２５μｇ／Ｌ特征灵敏度０．５ｎｇ／ｍＬ／１％,相对标准差６．８％,测定速度９０次／ｈ。     

长江饮用水源地18种挥发性有机物的自动监测应用研究

采用全自动监测系统测定长江饮用水源地中18种挥发性有机物，通过动态吹扫捕集气相色谱法快速分析水中的挥发性有机物（VOCs），18种有机物的方法检出限为0．07～0．50μg／L，在0～20μg／L范围内线性良好，混合标准溶液平行测定的 RSD＜10％，饮用水样品的加标回收率为72．1％～119．4％。同时，探索了4种监测数据质量控制及质量保证的方法，建立了数据评价体系。     

吹扫—捕集／气相色谱法测定水中挥发性有机物

为提高样品分析效率，研究并建立了吹扫-捕集／气相色谱／氢火焰检测器联用同时测定水中1，2-二氯乙烷、苯、甲苯、氯苯、乙苯、对-二甲苯、间-二甲苯、苯乙烯、邻-二甲苯、异丙苯、1，4-二氯苯、1，2-二氯苯、硝基苯、1，3，5-三氯苯、1，2，4-三氯苯、1，2，3-三氯苯、六氯丁二烯17种挥发性有机物的分析方法。结果表明，当进样体积为25．0ml时，最低检出限为0．0034-0．1088μg/L，相对标准偏差为1．8％～6．4％，加标平均回收率为97．6％-105．8％。该方法可快速、简便、准确、高灵敏度的测定水中17种挥发性有机物，并适用于饮用水和地表水中挥发性有机物的测定。     

气相色谱法测定废水中的7种低分子量醛,酮和醇

用液上空间气相色谱ＦＩＤ检测器，同时测定了废水中的甲醇、乙醛、乙醇、丙酮、异丙醇、甲醛和正丁醇等７种低分子量挥发性有机物，色谱柱为ＧＤＸ－１０１与ＰＥＧ－２０Ｍ串联填充柱，能较好地分离上述７种化合物，方法的精密度和准确度均可达到环境监测质量要求，最低检出质量浓度均低于０．０６０ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

吹扫捕集-GC/MS-SIM法测定海水中挥发性有机污染物

采用吹扫捕集 -GC/MS -SIM法测定水中挥发性有机物 ,具有定量准确、操作简便等特点 ,检测限可达ng/L级 ,适合环境水中低浓度挥发性有机物的测定。测定实际海水样品 ,其浓度范围在 0 4ng/L～ 1 0 0 0ng/L之间。     

离子色谱法同时测定水中的SeO_3~（2－）和SeO_4~（2－）

用抑制型离子色谱法探讨了ＳｅＯ３（２）和ＳｅＯ４（２－）等七种阴离子的洗脱行为，讨论了共存阴离子的干扰及其消除，建立了测定水中ｓｅＯ３（２－）和ＳｅＯ４（２－）等阴离子的方法．ＳｅＯ３（２－）和ＳｅＯ４（２－）的检测限分别为４０μｇ／Ｌ和５０μｇ／Ｌ．     

HNO_3─KI─MIBK萃取／原子吸收光谱法测定固体废物浸提液中的微量银

采用选择性较好的ＨＮＯ３—ＫＩ—ＭＩＢＫ萃取体系对铋渣和尾矿渣浸出液中的痕量银进行预分离富集后，用火焰原子吸收法（ＡＡＳ）进行测定。此法不仅变异系数小（约为３．１％），而且检出限比直接火焰ＡＡＳ法降低两个数量级，达０．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ．另外，还就作品细度对银测定结果的影响原因做了初步探讨。     

Distribution and partition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in surface water of the Pearl River Estuary, South China

Water samples were collected in the Pearl River Estuary in July 2002 and April 2003. The particulate and dissolved phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined. Total PAH concentrations in water samples were higher in April of 2003 (C (p): 4.0-39.1 ng/L or 445.1-1,089.9 ng/g; C (w): 15.9-184.2 ng/L) than in July of 2002 (C (p): 2.6-26.6 ng/L or 297.7-1,336.6 ng/g; C (w): 12.9-28.3 ng/L). It was found that 5, 6-ring PAHs enrich in the inner estuary samples and so did 3-ring PAHs in the July samples. Compositional differences in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) might be responsible for this observation. The partition coefficient (K (p)) increased with the increasing of the particular organic carbon content of suspended particles as well as the salinity of water, decreased with the increase of the total suspended particles content of samples. A linear correlation between logK (OC) and logK (OW) was found in two sampling periods. The observed values of logK (OC) exceed their predicted values derived form linear free energy relationship between logK (oc) and logK (ow), which could be attributed to the nonlinear sorption of soot-like carbons in suspended particles.     

溴酸钾—酸性铬蓝K体系催化分光光度法测定水样中痕量NO -2

介绍了一种在稀硫酸介质中，应用NO2^-对溴酸钾-酸性铬蓝K褪色反应的催化作用，测定环境水样中痕量NO2^-的方法。方法检测限为0.0028mg/L，相对标准差（n=6)小于2.6%，加标回收率在91%-105%之间。     

Organotin compounds in the marine environment of the Bay of Piran,northern Adriatic Sea

In the year 2000, organotin pollution was investigated in the Bay of Piran, Slovenia, at the northern extremity of the Adriatic Sea. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with single ion monitoring GC/MS-SIM was applied for speciation analysis of pentylated organotin compounds in water and mussels. Sampling of marine waters was performed in summer and autumn at 8 locations. Mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis were collected only in summer at 3 locations. The highest concentrations of tributyltin (TBT) in marine water ranged from 500 to 630 ng L(-1) (as Sn) in summer and from 180 to 230 ng L(-1) (as Sn) in autumn. TBT concentration in mussels varied from 500 to 3500 ng g(-1) dry weight (d.w.) (as Sn). The study indicated remarkable butyltin pollution of the Slovenian coastline. Accuracy of the analytical procedure was verified by BCR CRM 477.     

高灵敏雾化-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定烟尘中低含量铅

将高灵敏雾化技术用于火焰原子吸收光谱法，并测定了烟尘样品中的低含量铅，取得较满意的结果。当采样300L、样品溶液为25mL时，铅的检测限可达0.0012mg/m^3，方法标准曲线线性范围为0mg/L-1.0mg/L，相对标准差小于4.5％，加标回收率在87％-97％之间，并具有简便快速等特点。     

U PLC- ESI- MS/MS法同时测定水中7种抗生素

采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾二级质谱联用技术同时测定水中7种抗生素,优化了试验条件.磺胺甲恶唑、诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、四环素在1.00 ng/L～1000 ng/L范围内线性良好,定量下限为1 ng/L,土霉素、金霉素在10.0 ng/L-2 000 ng/L范围内线性良好,定量下限为10 ng/L,去离子水和地表水样加标回收率为72.1%-112%,RSD为0.6%～9.2%.     

SBSE-GC/MS法测定饮用水源水中7种多氯联苯单体

采用搅拌棒吸收萃取(SBSE)-溶剂解吸-气相色谱/质谱联用法测定饮用水源水中7种多氯联苯单体,优化了萃取和解吸条件。方法在5 ng/L~100 ng/L范围内线性良好(r≥0.979),7种多氯联苯单体的检出限为0.8 ng/L~3.4 ng/L(100 mL水样SBSE萃取2 h),加标10 ng/L时实际水样回收率为93.0%~116%。     

Analysis of BTEX and other substituted benzenes in water using headspace SPME-GC-FID: method validation

The analysis of BTEX and other substituted benzenes in water samples using solid phase microextraction (SPME) and quantification by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was validated. The best analytical conditions were obtained using PDMS/DVB/CAR fibre using headspace extraction (HS-SPME) at 50 [degree]C for 20 min without stirring. The linear range for each compound by HS-SPME with GC/FID was defined. The detection limits for these compounds obtained with PDMS/DVB/CAR fibre and GC/FID were: benzene (15 ng L(-1)), toluene (160 ng L(-1)), monochlorobenzene (54 ng L(-1)), ethylbenzene (32 ng L(-1)), m-xylene (56 ng L(-1)), p-xylene (69 ng L(-1)), styrene (35 ng L(-1)), o-xylene (42 ng L(-1)), m-dichlorobenzene (180 ng L(-1)), p-dichlorobenzene (230 ng L(-1)), o-dichlorobenzene (250 ng L(-1)) and trichlorobenzene (260 ng L(-1)). This headspace SPME-GC-FID method was compared with a previously validated method of analysis using closed-loop-stripping analysis (CLSA). The headspace SPME-GC-FID method is suitable for monitoring the production and distribution of potable water and was used, in field trials, for the analysis of samples from main intakes of water (surface or underground) and from the water supply system of a large area (Lisbon and neighbouring municipalities).     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱法测定水中挥发性卤代烃和氯苯

建立了吹扫捕集-大口径毛细管柱气相色谱法同时测定饮用水和地表水中5种挥发性卤代烃和4种氯苯类污染物的方法，可不经有机溶剂萃取和浓缩，减少了沾污和损失，具有灵敏度高，受干扰因素少，定量准确，操作简便等特点。进样量为5mL时，检测限可达ng/L级，适合饮用水及地表水中低含量卤代烃和氯苯类污染物的测定。     

三重串联四极杆气相质谱联用仪测定饮用水源地水体中的多氯联苯

建立了以液-液萃取、三重串联四极杆气相质谱多反应监测法同时测定饮用水源地水体中18种多氯联苯的方法,给出了测量线性范围,线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.998。水中加标浓度为1.00、5.00、10.0ng/L时,平均加标回收率分别为75.6%～96.0%、90.6%～105%和92.4%～102%,相对标准偏差分别为19.8%～11.8%、4.2%～12.9%和4.3%～9.9%,检出限为0.29～0.57ng/L。结果表明,在测定水体中痕量多氯联苯方面,三重串联四极杆气相质谱相对于气相色谱-电子捕获检测和气相色谱质谱-选择离子检测具有更高的灵敏度和准确度,具有更广泛的应用。     

中国北方地区水体中四环素族抗生素残留现状分析

为了更好了解北方市政污水等水体中四环素族抗生素残留现状,采用固相萃取方法对中国北方地区市政污水样品进行富集和净化,以高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析样品中四环素族抗生素残留量。在调查的13个污水样品中四环素族抗生素普遍检出,且浓度分别达到四环素1114.27ng/L、土霉素2175.65ng/L、金霉素149.09ng/L和强力霉素187.45ng/L。结果表明,在我国近岸污水排放中依然有大量四环素类抗生素存在,应加强对近岸海洋环境中抗生素残留的监测与管理。