城市污泥的处置及资源化展望

简述了国内外污泥处置的现状,并对目前各种污泥处理处置方法进行了比较.提出了污泥资源化的一些途径,指出污泥资源化将是我国污泥处置的主要发展方向.     

南京市污水处理厂污泥处理处置现状

调查了南京市污水处理厂污泥产生量、成分、达标状况以及污泥处置方式,指出了污泥处置中存在的问题。提出依据国家相应的标准和法律法规,建立和完善污泥处理处置产业政策,大力发展相关技术和工艺等建议。     

污泥处理及其资源化

较系统地介绍了目前污泥处理技术及污泥资源化的一些新进展。着重探讨了污泥脱水、堆肥过程中的主要影响因素。指出了今后要遵循环境可持续发展的思想，做到污泥的稳定化、资源化和无害化处置。     

氟化钙污泥处置及资源化利用

综述了现有的氟化钙污泥处理处置技术,包括浮选富集回用氟化钙,熔融焚烧实现减量化,应用于陶瓷、水泥、混凝土制作,以及利用其化学性质,作为添加剂用于飞灰的固化稳定,或者在钢铁行业中充当萤石成为助熔剂。理论分析和试验检测表明上述方法均可实现含氟污泥的减量化、无害化、资源化,在处理氟化钙污泥时可以根据实际情况选择相应的工艺技术。     

乌鲁木齐市河东污水处理厂污泥处置途径初探

针对乌鲁木齐市河东污水处理厂的污泥出路问题,结合当前的污泥处置技术及发展趋势,在进行污水厂污泥特性分析的基础上,提出污泥制肥是乌鲁木齐市今后污泥处置的发展方向。     

我国城镇污水处理厂污泥处置问题研究

介绍了我国城镇污水处理厂污泥处置现状，阐述在城镇污水处理厂污泥处置过程中存在的问题，对如何解决这些问题进行了研究，提出相应对策措施．     

污泥处理与处置技术研究进展

本文综述了污泥处理与处置技术的现状,总结了该领域内新技术的应用,展望了污泥处理与处置技术的发展趋势,并提出了相关建议。     

污泥烧结制植物栽培基质技术及应用研究

为实现污泥的无害化处理和资源化利用,本研究对污泥进行初步脱水和干化深度脱水,使含水率降到30%左右,干化后的污泥进行焚烧处理,在脱水滤液中加入Mg盐回收氮磷得到鸟粪石。结果显示:脱水滤液中调节镁/磷摩尔比为1.0～1.2时,可得到较多鸟粪石沉淀;烧结温度为900～1100℃,烧结时间为20～40min时,可得到环保性能优良的烧结体,将鸟粪石和污泥烧结体混合得到可用于园林绿化的植物栽培基质。     

污水处理厂污水和污泥中PAHs的残留及风险研究进展

多环芳烃(PAHs)是一类极其复杂的有机污染物,衍生物种类较多,1976年美国环保局因其致癌、致畸、致突变将其中的16种列为优先控制污染物。城市污水处理厂作为一个地区污染物迁移和转化的重要媒介,在控制和截断PAHs进入天然水体的过程中扮演着重要的角色。因此,研究污水处理厂中PAHs的浓度水平对于了解和控制PAHs进入天然水体和通过污泥进入到土壤中进而通过食物链危害人类健康具有重要的意义。文章综述了污水处理厂污水和污泥中PAHs的前处理技术、分析方法、浓度水平、生态风险以及国内外污水处理厂污泥土地利用现状。     

城市污泥高温好氧堆肥处理及最终处置研究

城市污泥高温好氧堆肥是一种重要的污泥处理途径。本文概述了污泥高温好氧堆肥的可行性和具体操作方法、堆肥后的处置途径，讨论了污泥堆肥及其处置过程中存在的问题及其解决方法，并对高温好氧堆肥技术在我国的应用前景做出了展望．     

Impact Modeling of Sewage Discharge From Georgetown of Penang, Malaysia on Coastal Water Quality

Currently about 200,000 persons of the Penang Georgetown population is served by a sewerage system which conveys the raw sewage to an open channel flume in Jelutong for discharge into the Western Channel. This has resulted in the degradation of coastal water quality in the affected areas. Therefore, there exists an urgent need to look for other alternatives for sewage treatment and disposal. This paper presents the results of computer simulations on the impacts of sewage discharge on Penang coastal waters under two treatment and disposal options. The preferred option is a conventional activated sludge treatment system capable of treating the sewage to secondary level with a submerged outfall to the Western Channel for the disposal of the treated effluent. The results of computer simulations show that the quality of coastal waters, other than in the immediate vicinity of the discharge point, would be able to achieve the Malaysian proposed criterion for recreational waters up to year 2020.     

A review of the sustainable value and disposal techniques, wastewater stabilisation ponds sludge characteristics and accumulation

Based on worldwide works available in international literature, this paper describes the status of sewage sludge resulting from settleable solids in waste stabilisation ponds (WSP). This review presents, in detail, sludge characteristics, production and accumulation rates in order to provide background information to those who expect to advise or get involved with sewage disposal in situations where resources are limited. Knowing that several years are usually required for a sludge removal operation and that the long-term sustainability of WSP systems is dependent on the safe and effective management of their sludge, its cost must be estimated and taken into account in the annual maintenance costs of the processes. Thus, this paper intends to summarise desludging methods and their financial estimation. Even when ponds have been functioning for several years, most of the sediments are stabilised well, the final disposal is an issue in terms of risk due, for example, to their content in nematode eggs. More generally, the pathogen content in sludge from WSP ponds has to be known to define an appropriate management and to safeguard public health. Based on existing data, the rates and distribution of helminth eggs will be presented and practical treatment methods will be suggested. A number of sludge utilisation and disposal pathways will also be summarised. Sludge activity in terms of oxygen consumption is also discussed in order to gather more information to improve pond design and keep an economic and sustainable value of WSP. The objectives of the present review are to advance knowledge and gather scientific and technical information on all aspects of sludge management including production, characterisation, management, agricultural reuse and ultimate disposal.     

Farmers’ attitude toward treated sludge use in the villages of West Bank,Palestine

An application of treated sewage sludge on agricultural land has been widely accepted, as this method is simple and economical for disposal of wastewater residues. When applied properly on an agricultural land, sludge can replenish organic matter and nutrients in soil. Although sewage sludge has been used in agriculture in many parts of the world, its acceptability varies with different cultures and beliefs among farmers. Farmers’ concerns on sludge use are primarily due to its anthropogenic origin, pollutants that it carries, a general perception of sewage being dirty, and its offensive odor. This paper aims to investigate farmers’ perceptions on land application of treated sewage sludge on their farm. This study targeted two farming communities, namely, Anza and Beit Dajan villages, located in Jenin and Nablus districts in the West Bank, Palestine. In this study, a sample of 106 farmers were randomly selected and surveyed through a mixture of structured and open-ended questions. Results indicated that, overall, farmers have positive perceptions on land application of sludge. A majority of the farmers are in favor of the concept of sludge use when a planned wastewater treatment plant is constructed and it becomes operational. Results also indicate that a majority of the farmers are in favor of using sludge for fertilizing fruit trees, rather than growing vegetables and other plants in a greenhouse, and that many of them have knowledge of sludge properties and advantages and disadvantages of sludge use in agriculture. Despite the positive perceptions by the majority of farmers, a small fraction of the farmers are in disfavor of the use of sludge for the following reasons: psychological and social concerns, potential health risks, and their religious beliefs. Results further suggest that the land application of treated sewage sludge can be accepted by more farmers if the consumers are willing to buy agricultural products fertilized by sludge, sludge meets the public health requirements, and sludge is available at low costs. To improve farmers’ perceptions on the land application of sludge, several measures are recommended.     

Impact assessment of various parameters polluting Ganga water in Kolkata Region: a study for quality evaluation and environmental implication

The quality of sewage-sludge samples obtained in Kolkata region was evaluated. Both sewage water and sludge components were analyzed for a number of physico-chemical, microbiological parameters using standard laboratory procedures, some heavy metals by AAS method and pesticide contents by GC method. Some of the physical and chemical constituents of the samples are within the allowable levels while the rest are not. The samples are rich in nutrients and have suitable pH for agricultural uses. In terms of Electrical Conductivity and Sodium Adsorption Ratio, sewage water is not suitable for irrigation. Fecal and coliform bacterial population is high in all samples. Pesticide and heavy metals in some places are alarming. So sewage-sludge produced in Kolkata cannot be used for agricultural purpose without any treatment. Thus proper care, maintenance, treatment and disposal of sewage water and sludge are most vital and should be the prime thrust for the nation.     

Use of sequential extraction to assess the influence of sewage sludge amendment on metal mobility in Chilean soils

In Chile, the increasing number of plants for the treatment of wastewater has brought about an increase in the generation of sludge. One way of sludge disposal is its application on land; this, however involves some problems, some of them being heavy metal accumulation and the increase in organic matter and other components from sewage sludge which may change the distribution and mobility of heavy metals. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of sewage sludge application on the distribution of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in agricultural soils in Chile. Three different soils, two Mollisols and one Alfisol, were sampled from an agricultural area in Central Chile. The soils were treated with sewage sludge at the rates of 0 and 30 ton ha(-1), and were incubated at 25 degrees C for 45 days. Before and after incubation, the soils were sequentially extracted to obtain labile (exchangeable and sodium acetate-soluble), potentially labile (soluble in moderately reducing conditions, K4P2O7-soluble and soluble in reducing conditions) and inert (soluble in strong acid oxidizing conditions) fractions. A two-level factored design was used to assess the effect of sludge application rate, incubation time and their interaction on the mobility of the elements under study. Among the metals determined in the sludge, zinc has the highest concentration. However, with the exception of Ni, the total content of metals was lower than the recommended limit values in sewage sludge as stated by Chilean regulations. Although 23% of zinc in sludge was in more mobile forms, the residual fraction of all metals was the predominant form in soils and sludge. The content of zinc only was significantly increased in two of the soils by sewage sludge application. On the other hand, with the exception of copper, the metals were redistributed in the first four fractions of amended soils. The effect of sludge application rate, incubation time and their interaction depended on the metal or soil type. In most cases an increase in more mobile forms of metals in soils was observed as the final effect.     

石油炼制项目竣工环保验收监测检查常见问题

根据建设项目竣工环境保护验收监测相关标准规范要求和实践经验,总结了石油炼制项目竣工环境保护验收监测实践工作中的若干常见问题。根据石油炼制项目污染物来源和特点,分析了加热炉废气监测、恶臭VOCs治理、含油污水监测、防渗措施和地下水监测以及污水处理"三泥"(含油污泥、气浮浮渣、剩余的废活性污泥)和碱渣处置等常见重点难点问题,在此基础上提出了一些对策和建议,为今后开展验收监测检查工作提供借鉴。     

Evaluation of ground water denitrification at a biosolids disposal site

A study was conducted at a sanitary sewage sludge(biosolids) disposal site in Springfield, Illinois, U.S.A. todetermine if biological denitrification played a significantfactor in attenuation of ground water nitrate values. The siteselected for this study is a 23 ha (57 acre) dedicatedbiosolids disposal facility located adjacent to a 75.7 millionliter per day (20 million gallons per day) municipal treatmentplant that uses anaerobic solids stabilization for treatment ofgenerated biosolids material. Biosolids have been disposed of byfixed-point spray applicators at the site since 1976, which hascaused ground water nitrate levels to increase significantlyabove background levels. A method was developed using aconservative chemical tracer to simulate the biosolidsapplication process and monitor the ground water directly beneaththe simulated disposal site. Results demonstrated a net declineof nitrates that could not be attributed to dilution alone.While the monitoring methodology developed for this study didnot directly estimate the denitrification rate, a rate foroverall nitrate reduction was calculated that could be consideredto take into account all transport and reduction mechanisms suchas denitrification, advection, dispersion and dilution.     

上海市城镇污水处理厂氨气排放定量研究

通过对上海市3家城镇污水处理厂主要污水处理工艺臭气收集处理装置进出口有组织排放和二沉池等敞开液面无组织排放氨采样,研究污水处理厂氨气排放特征,建立污水处理厂分季节本地化氨排放系数,并计算2019年上海市城镇污水厂氨排放量。结果表明:3家污水处理厂氨排放系数平均为4.8 mg/m³,其中污水处理环节氨排放系数为3.3 mg/m³,污泥处理环节氨排放系数为1.5 mg/m³。2019年上海市城镇污水处理厂氨排放量为10.3 t。