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1.
锰是一种人体必需的微量元素,具有许多重要的生理功能.近年来发现人体缺锰可能与癌肿和心血管疾病有关,但过量的锰进人人体会中毒.因此对锰的研究已引起国内外有关人士的重视.水体中锰的存在形式主要为Mn~(2+)和Mn~(4+),目前对水中锰测定的方法主要有过硫酸铵比色法和原子吸收分光光度法.钽过硫酸铵法需使用含汞试剂,对环境污染严重;原子吸收分光光度法仪器昂贵,难又推广,而且这两种方法都只能测下锰的总量,不能分别测定不同价态的锰的含量.为此,  相似文献   

2.
杨丽君  林洪  李明  杨艳  李海涛 《干旱环境监测》2005,19(3):129-130,141
研究了2-(2-喹啉偶氮)-4-甲基-1,3-二羟基苯(QAMDHB)与锰的显色反应,在pH为10的氯化铵—氨水缓冲介质中,O/W微乳液存在下,QAMDHB与锰反应生成3∶1稳定络合物,λmax=560nm,ε=8.22×104L.mol-1.cm-1。锰含量在40~800μg/L内符合比耳定律,方法用于环境样品中锰含量的测定,结果令人满意。  相似文献   

3.
水稻重金属含量与土壤质量的关系   总被引:27,自引:2,他引:27       下载免费PDF全文
根据“淮安市绿色食品基地调查以及相关研究”课题资料 ,分析了水稻中重金属含量与其土壤质量的关系。结果表明 ,重金属含量在水稻中的分布是 :根 >茎叶 >籽粒 ;水稻籽粒对重金属的吸收特点因其元素不同而差异较大 ,重金属元素被水稻糙米吸收的程度为 :砷 <镉 <汞 <铅 <锰 <铬 <铜 <锌 ;在糙米中检出的重金属铜和铬的含量与土壤中铜和铬的含量呈显著性相关关系 ,铅、锌、锰的含量与土壤中铅、锌、锰的含量相关关系不显著  相似文献   

4.
云南土壤锰元素背景值及其特征初探   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
云南省土壤锰元素含量呈对数正态分布,背景值低于全国和重庆地区,接近我国南方部分土壤锰元素背景值。比较高的是石灰土、棕壤;比较低的是黄棕壤、砖红壤。云南土壤的水平地带和垂直地带锰元素背景值分布有着明显的变化规律,土壤中锰的总含量受成土母质母岩的影响尤为明显;由于成土母质母岩中含锰量不等,各成土母质母岩发育的土壤锰元素背景值也有较大差异;不同土类的锰元素背景值在同种母质母岩中也不相同;土壤锰元素背景值在滇西和滇西北地区较高,其余地区的土壤锰元素背景值呈无规律性的镶嵌分布。  相似文献   

5.
氟是人体中不可缺少的营养元素之一,占体重的0.00035%,属微量元素.人体对氟的需求有严格定量,正常人每天从饮食中吸取2.5~5.0mg的氟,其中约60~70%来自饮用水.可见饮用水中氟的含量对人体健康影响很大.许昌市位于河南省中部,是全国严重缺水的城市之一,其水质中氟含量已成为人们关心的问题.本文通过实验对市区地下水氟含量的数据分布,不同水层以及不同功能区的氟化物分布特征进行分析研究.  相似文献   

6.
本文对近年文献报导中水、食品和人体中的~(234)U和~(238)U含量,比活度比值的调查结果,并估算出了人体所受的内照射剂量,作了评述,引用文献19篇,表格14张.  相似文献   

7.
从样品消解、分析、计算全过程对火焰原子吸收法测定水中铁、锰进行分析,根据JJF 1059-1999对其测量不确定度进行评定。结果表明,测定水中铁的不确定度主要来源于消解过程、标准溶液及配制、重复测定样品;测定水中锰的不确定度主要来源于消解过程、工作曲线拟合、标准溶液及配制。水中铁、锰含量的结果可分别表示为:(2.58±...  相似文献   

8.
硫酸锰废渣的浸出毒性及无害化处理的研究   总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12  
研究了硫酸锰废渣的主要金属元素组成及浸出毒性,并采用锰渣加石灰混合的方法进行无害化处理。结果表明,硫酸锰废渣浸出液中Mn和Cd含量超标,锰渣加石灰混合的方法能有效降低废渣的浸出毒性,锰渣与石灰的质量比为25∶2效果最佳。  相似文献   

9.
图们市大气颗粒物中重金属含量及分布特征   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
采集了图们市2006年秋、冬两季的TSP和PM10样品,采用湿法消解-原子吸收分光光度法测定了其中的铅、镉、饲、锌、铬、铁、锰7种重金属.结果表明,图们市大气颗粒物中重金属含量由高到低的顺序是Fe>Cr>Zn>Pb>Mn>Cu>Cd.多数重金属元素含量冬季高于秋季,在一天之内早晨的重金属浓度也往往高于晚上争中午,说明大气颗粒物的来源包括天然源和人为源.  相似文献   

10.
环境、微量元素及人体健康之间存在着十分密切的关系.迄今为止,在人体内已经发现了60多种微量元素.人发中的微量元素含量,可以反映出人体微量元素的水平.人发样品易于采集,易于保存,代表性好.因而测定人发微量元素的工作对环境科学、诊断疾病、评定营养状况和环境污染状况等方面起着重要作用.  相似文献   

11.
基于大量实测数据统计,比较了测定水中铁、锰、汞3种重金属时,样品是否过滤、加酸保存等前处理方式对测定结果的影响,提出铁、锰水样需过滤检测,汞水样不能过滤检测,且3种金属的水样均需加酸保存,这样测定的结果才能根据现行水环境质量标准进行评价。  相似文献   

12.
In the present study, some heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Zn and Mn) were seasonally determined in water, sediment and some tissues of fish Tinca tinca from Bey?ehir Lake, which is an important bird nesting and visiting area, a water source for irrigation and drinking. In the water, Fe has the highest concentrations among the studied metals. Generally, the metal concentrations increased in the hottest period decreased in warm seasons. Results for levels in water were compared with national and international water quality guidelines, as well as literature data reported for the lakes. Fe was the highest in sediment samples, also Cu and Zn were the highest in spring, while Fe and Mn were in autumn. Among the heavy metals studied, Cu and Mn were below the detection limits in some tissues. Generally, higher concentrations of the tested metals were found in the summer and winter, compared with those during the autumn and spring seasons. High levels of heavy metals were found in liver of T. tinca, while low levels in muscle samples. Metal concentrations in the muscle of examined fish were within the safety permissible levels for human consumption. The present study shows that precautions need to be taken in order to prevent further heavy metal pollution.  相似文献   

13.
In this study, heavy metal contents of groundwater from the Mersin aquifer were determined with photometric methods and used to determine the main factors controlling the pollution of groundwater in the area. Using MapInfo GIS software, spatial analysis and integration were carried out for mapping drinking water quality in the basin. From the photometric heavy metal analysis, it is inferred that the excess concentration of Fe, Ni, Mn, Mo and Cu at some locations is the cause of undesirable quality for drinking purposes. Similarly, the EC thematic map shows that considerable areas in the basin are having high salinity hazards. The reason for excess concentration of various heavy metals is the industrial activities and petroleum pipelines and salinity levels show the sea water intrusion.  相似文献   

14.
K?z?l?rmak River has been used as Ankara??s drinking water source for approximately 1.5?years. Therefore, this region??s water, sediment, and fish samples are measured for detecting the heavy metals. This is important for the current situation as well as the future in terms of potential impact. The amount of heavy metals in drinking water should be within the limited values; otherwise, the accumulation of heavy metals will cause many problems to living organisms. Especially high levels of arsenic, cadmium, nickel, mercury, etc. are very dangerous to freshwater ecosystems as for human if the water is being use as drinking water. In this study, water, sediment samples, muscle, and gills of three fish species (Capoeta tinca, Capoeta capoeta, Leuciscus cephalus) were analyzed for the presence of heavy metals such as (Al, Fe, As, Cd, Ni, Mn, Se, Si) to determine present accumulation levels and possible toxic effect. The accumulation pattern of heavy metals in the water, sediment, and fish tissue follows the sequence: Si > Fe > Al > Mn > As > Ni > Se > Cd, Fe > Al > Mn > Ni > As > Se > Cd, and Fe > Al > Mn > As > Ni > Si > Cd. In addition, the detected concentrations of heavy metals in the K?z?l?rmak and Delice Rivers are compared with other heavy metal studies in the other main rivers and lakes in Turkey.  相似文献   

15.
The present study deals with the characterization of industrial effluents released from various industries and distribution of heavy metals in effluent discharge channel and its impact on the river Damodar. The effluent of tamlanala, a natural storm water channel, is extensively used for irrigation for growing vegetables in and around the study area. The heavy metals in water of the study area are in the order of Fe > Mn > Pb >?Cd and sediments follow similar trends too. The enrichment of heavy metals in the sediments are in the order of Cd (39.904) > Pb (33.156) > Mn (0.164) > Fe (0.013). The geoaccumulation index values reveal effluent channel is subjected to moderate to high pollution with respect to Cd (4.733) and Pb (4.466). The analyzed data for enrichment factors and the pollution load index (1.305) show that effluent channels have suffered from significant heavy metal contamination following industrialization and urbanization. Compared to baseline values, the surface sediment layers show high enrichment across the channel and at its discharge point. The factor analysis reveals three factors—industrial sources, surface runoff inputs, and background lithogenic factors which clarify the observed variance of the environmental variables. Metal pollution assessment of sediments suggests that pollution from the heavy metals observed is high in the tamlanala which in turn affects the downstream of the river system.  相似文献   

16.
The concentrations of metals (Ca, Cd, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry in water, sediments and fish samples in the Ogun river catchments, Ketu, Lagos, which is an important bird nesting, fishing and drinking water source. The results show that the southern tip bothering the Lagos lagoon is where the highest metal concentrations are found in the fish species (Tilapia sp. and Chrysichthys sp.), whereas the Agboyi creek segment near the lagoon with higher surrounding human population density recorded higher levels of metals in sediments and water samples. The two fish species accumulated different amounts of metals. However, the differences were not statistically different at p < 0.05. There is a significant correlation (p < 0.05) for Cd concentration in water. The concentrations of Pb in sampling points 3 and 4 as well as Cd, Mn and Fe in all six sampling points exceeds the World Health Organization (WHO) limits for drinking water. Levels of metals obtained for sediments are within the range reported for Nigeria’s river sediments. Based on this study, the human risks for heavy metals in the harvested fish species from the Ogun river catchments, Ketu, are low for now as the concentrations were below the recommended Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) maximum limits for Pb (0.5 mg/Kg), Cd (0.5 mg/Kg), and Zn (30 mg/Kg) in fish.  相似文献   

17.
Metal Pollution Assessment of Sediment and Water in the River Hindon, India   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
The metal pollution in water and sediment of the River Hindon in western Uttar Pradesh (India) was assessed for Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. The metal concentrations in water showed wide temporal variation compared with bed sediment because of variability in water discharge and variations in suspended solid loadings. Metal concentrations in bed sediments provided a better evaluation of the degree and the extent of contamination in the aquatic environment, Santagarh and Atali being the most polluted sites of the river. The ratio of heavy metals to conservative elements (Fe, Al, etc.) may reveal the geochemical imbalances due to the elevated metal concentrations normally attributed to anthropogenic sources. Metal/Al ratios for the bed sediments of the river Hindon were used to determine the relative mobility and general trend of relative mobility occurred Fe > Mn > Zn > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cu > Cd.  相似文献   

18.
A total of 16 people died and over 500 people were hospitalized due to diarrhoeal illness in the Bholakpur area of Hyderabad, India on 6th May 2009. A study was conducted with immediate effect to evaluate the quality of municipal tap water of the Bholakpur locality. The study consists of the determination of physico-chemical properties, trace metals, heavy metals, rare earth elements and microbiological quality of drinking water. The data showed the variation of the investigated parameters in samples as follows: pH 7.14 to 8.72, EC 455 to 769 μS/cm, TDS 303.51 to 515.23 ppm and DO 1.01 to 6.83 mg/L which are within WHO guidelines for drinking water quality. The water samples were analyzed for 27 elements (Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, Ba and Pb) using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The concentrations of Fe (0.12 to 1.13 mg/L), Pb (0.01 to 0.07 mg/L), Cu (0.01 to 0.19 mg/L), Ni (0.01 to 0.15 mg/L), Al (0.16 to 0.49 mg/L), and Na (38.36 to 68.69 mg/L) were obtained, which exceed the permissible limits of the World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water quality guidelines. The remaining elements were within the permissible limits. The microbiological quality of water was tested using standard plate count, membrane filtration technique, thermotolerant coliform (TTC), and most probable number (MPN) methods. The total heterotrophic bacteria ranged from 1.0 × 105 to 18 × 10cfu/ml. Total viable bacteria in all the water samples were found to be too numerable to count and total number of coliform bacteria in all water samples were found to be of order of 1,100 to >2,400 MPN index/100 ml. TTC tested positive for coliform bacteria at 44.2°C. All the water samples of the study area exceeded the permissible counts of WHO and that (zero and minimal counts) of the control site (National Geophysical Research Institute) water samples. Excessively high colony numbers indicate that the water is highly contaminated with microorganisms and is hazardous for drinking purposes. Bacteriological pollution of drinking water supplies caused diarrhoeal illness in Bholakpur, which is due to the infiltration of contaminated water (sewage) through cross connection, leakage points, and back siphoning.  相似文献   

19.
In the present study, concentration of some selected trace metals (Fe, Mn, Ni, Co, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr and Cd) are measured in Brahmani, Baitarani river complex along with Dhamara estuary and its near shore. Chemical partitioning has been made to establish association of metals into different geochemical phases. The exchangeable fraction is having high environmental risk among non-lithogeneous phases due to greater potential for mobility into pore water. The metals with highest bio-availability being Cd, Zn and Cr. The metals like Mn, Zn, Cd and Cu represent an appreciable portion in carbonate phase. Fe–Mn oxides act as efficient scavenger for most of the metals playing a prime role in controlling their fate and transport. Among non-lithogeneous phases apart from reducible, Cr showed a significant enrichment in organic phase. Risk assessment code values indicate that all metals except Fe fall under medium-risk zone. In estuarine zone Cd, Zn, Pb and Cr are released to 32.43, 26.10, 21.81 and 20 %, respectively, indicating their significant bio-availability pose high ecological risk. A quantitative approach has been made through the use of different risk indices like enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index and pollution load index. Factor analysis indicates that in riverine zone, Fe–Mn oxides/hydroxides seem to play an important role in scavenging metals, in estuarine zone, organic precipitation and adsorption to the fine silt and clay particles while in coastal zone, co-precipitation with Fe could be the mechanism for the same. Canonical discriminant function indicates that it is highly successful in discriminating the groups as predicted.  相似文献   

20.
为探索贵州煤矿区表层水-沉积物中重金属的分布特征及来源,科学制定环境保护与污染治理措施,以新寨河为研究对象,在11个样点共采集66个表层水体和沉积物样品,通过对Cd、Pb、Cr、Zn、Cu、As、Hg、Fe、Mn等9种重金属元素进行分析,揭示其在新寨河的空间分布特征。同时,利用多指数法开展了有毒重金属元素污染状况评价,通过相关性分析和主成分分析解析了重金属的来源。结果表明,新寨河流域表层水体中,Fe、Mn点位超标率达100%。表层水中重金属元素的平均含量排序为Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Cr>As>Cd>Pb>Hg,而沉积物中重金属元素的平均含量排序则是Fe>Mn>Zn>Cr>Cu>As>Pb>Cd>Hg,表明新寨河表层水体和沉积物中重金属元素的空间分布存在一定差异。各重金属元素的内梅罗综合污染指数介于0.59~1.13之间,表明新寨河表层水体中重金属的污染程度达到轻微污染水平。单种重金属元素的潜在生态危害系数计算结果显示,90.91%和9.09%的沉积物样点分别被归类为轻微风险和中等风险。所有样点沉积物的潜在生态危害指数介于14.57~120.55之间(均值为72.08),表明新寨河沉积物的潜在生态风险较低。Cu、As在多个样点存在污染现象,需予以重点监控管理。新寨河流域重金属的来源可分为三大类:Cd、Pb、Cr、Zn、Cu为第一类,对应地表径流源;As、Fe、Mn为第二类,对应煤矿开采源;Hg为第三类,对应复合源。  相似文献   

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