无锡市区域噪声现状及防治对策

城市区域噪声体系是一个复杂的噪声污染系统。由于噪声污染的偶发性,分散性等原因,现阶段有效控制措施较薄弱,噪声污染已经影响到人们的生活、工作、学习。由于城镇化的推进,人们生活质量的提高,人们对噪声污染控制和治理要求越来越高,噪声污染的投诉也成为环境保护部门关注对象。本文针对无锡市区区域噪声现状开展评价,从评价结果来看,无锡市区区域噪声呈逐年改善趋势,并对改善城市区域噪声环境现状提出了防治建议。     

关于社会生活噪声中低频噪声污染的研究

随着社会的加速发展,人们物质生活水平的不断提高,社会生活噪声对人的影响越来越大,由低频噪声污染引起的环境投诉也越来越多。文章主要对社会生活噪声,尤其是低频噪声作一个介绍,简述其特点、危害及相关法律依据,同时结合日常工作中遇到的实例,对低频噪声污染进行了一些研究。     

宿迁市区建筑业噪声污染现状与防治

对宿迁市区的建筑噪声污染现状进行了调查，分析了市区建筑噪声产生的原因和污染特点，提出了市区建筑噪声的有关防治措施。     

城市道路交通噪声的危害与防治办法

近年来,随着城市经济的不断增长,人民生活水平的不断提高,城市交通发展迅速,机动车辆大幅度增加,城市交通噪声污染问题越来越突出。城市建设发展迅速,新建扩建的街道、马路使原来偏僻区域变成了繁华嘈杂的市区,从而加重了交通噪声对周边环境的影响。交通噪声声源流动、声级高、干扰时间长、影响范围广,严重扰乱了城市居民的生活、工作和休息。     

道路交通噪声相关因素的研究

道路交通噪声相关因素的研究王振中（云南个旧市环境监测站，个旧）在噪声环境评价、预测以及噪声污染防治工作中，首先必须对影响道路交通噪声的主要因素，如机动车类型、车流量、行车速度、鸣喇叭频率、道路状况、声学环境等诸多相关因素进行深入的分析研究后，才能够较...     

深化大气环境监测管理立法的对策

简述了当前大气环境污染演变趋势特征及面临的挑战，分析了环境监测预警在法制建设方面的薄弱环节。提出，要以《江苏省大气污染防治条例》实行为契机，强化政府环境监测的职能；赋予监测数据应有的法律属性；强化环境的全要素监测；建立以环境质量为目标导向的监测管理制度；严厉打击数据弄虚作假；加快监测信息全公开。     

郑州市声环境质量现状评价及防治对策研究

通过对2013年郑州市城市声环境常规监测数据的统计分析,全市声环境质量呈现出生活噪声影响范围变大、城市道路交通噪声污染加剧、建筑施工噪声依然严重、工业噪声影响减少等特征,提出了城市合理规划、加强联合执法等噪声污染控制措施。     

道路交通噪声对城市环境质量的影响

指出在城市环境噪声中，声级最强、干扰最大且较难解决的交通噪声对城市声环境质量的早影响，并提出了在防治措施中，禁鸣是管理好交通秩序，防治噪声污染最经济、效果较好的一条措施。     

高等级公路交通噪声分析与防治

噪声不仅干扰人们的正常生活，严重时可以危害人的身心健康．随着交通事业的快速发展，一大批高速公路迅速建成，交通噪声污染不容忽视．对西宝高速公路沿线交通噪声进行了实地昼夜监测，结果表明交通噪声夜间超标较为严重，干扰了沿线居民的正常生活．分析了污染现状和原因，并提出了降低道路交通噪声的一些简单措施．     

浅析新疆城市声环境现状与对策

研究了新疆近五年来的城市声环境变化趋势,并对城市噪声污染现状进行综合分析评价,提出相关的治理对策与建议.从区域环境噪声状况看,噪声值呈下降趋势;从声源强度看,对城市声环境冲击最大的是交通噪声源;从道路交通噪声状况看,近五年交通噪声污染呈逐年下降趋势,但全区各年度均有超标路段,全区城市道路交通噪声仍存在污染.因此,整治城市噪声污染应贯彻"预防为主、防治结合"的方针,综合利用科技、法律手段来改善城市声环境.     

我国沙尘暴灾害及其治理对策初步研究

分析研究了沙尘暴的成因、时空分布、发展趋势及造成的灾害，结合国外经验提出了我国治理的对策建议。     

Dissipation and residue of metalaxyl and cymoxanil in pepper and soil

A simple and accurate method of determining metalaxyl and cymoxanil in pepper and soil was developed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection. The limits of detection were 0.015 mg/kg for metalaxyl and 0.003 mg/kg for cymoxanil. The limits of quantification were 0.05 mg/kg for metalaxyl in pepper and soil as well as 0.01 mg/kg for cymoxanil in pepper and soil. Recoveries of pepper and soil were investigated at three spiking levels and ranged within 77.52 to 102.05 % for metalaxyl and 87.15 to 103.21 % for cymoxanil, with relative standard deviations below 9.30 %. For field experiments, the half-lives of metalaxyl were 3.2 to 3.9 days in pepper and 4.4 to 9.5 days in soil at the three experimental locations in China. At harvest, pepper samples were found to contain metalaxyl and cymoxanil well below the maximum residue limit MRLs of the European Union (EU) following the recommended dosage and the interval of 21 days after last application.     

Determination and study on dissipation and residue of bismerthiazol and its metabolite in Chinese cabbage and soil

A simple and accurate method for the determination of bismerthiazol and its metabolite 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole was developed in Chinese cabbage and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection in this study. The limits of detection were 0.06 mg/kg for bismerthiazol and 0.03 mg/kg for 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, respectively. Recoveries of cabbage and soil were investigated at three spiking levels and were in the range of 84.0–96.0 % for bismerthiazol and 71.0–74.6 % for 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, with relative standard deviations below 7.0 %. For field experiments, the half-life of bismerthiazol was 2.4–2.5 days in Chinese cabbage and 2.5–4.8 days in soil at the two experimental locations in China. Dissipation residues of 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole were lower than 0.72 mg/kg. Terminal residues of bismerthiazol and its metabolite were less than 3.0 and 0.3 mg/kg in Chinese cabbage, respectively. No bismerthiazol or metabolite residues were detected in soil on days 5, 7, 10, and 14 after the last spraying at the two dosage levels.     

Residues and dissipation of trifloxystrobin and its metabolite in tomatoes and soil

A simple residue analytical method using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) procedure for the determination of trifloxystrobin and its metabolite trifloxystrobin acid (CGA321113) in tomato and soil was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The limits of detection were 0.0005 mg/kg for trifloxystrobin and 0.001 mg/kg for trifloxystrobin acid, respectively. The average recoveries in tomato and soil ranged from 73–99 % for trifloxystrobin and 75–109 % for trifloxystrobin acid, with relative standard deviations below 15 %. The method was then used to study the dissipation and residues in tomato and soil. The dissipation half-lives of trifloxystrobin in tomato were 2.9 days (Beijing) and 5.4 days (Shandong), while in soil were 1.9 days (Beijing) and 3.0 days (Shandong), respectively. The final results showed that the major residue compound was trifloxystrobin in tomato whereas it was its metabolite, trifloxystrobin acid, in soil. The final residues of total trifloxystrobin (including trifloxystrobin acid) were below the EU maximum residue limit of 0.5 mg kg^?1 in tomato 3 days after the treatment.     

新疆室内环境污染监测和治理工作现状与建议

针对目前室内环境监测工作出现的种种问题，就如何规范的开展室内环境监测工作，更好地为社会提供真实、准确、有效的监测数据，本文提出相关的探讨。     

Lake destratification and speciation of iron and manganese

A long-term study of the effect of artificial aeration (destratification) of a water storage dam upon the speciation of iron and manganese in the dam waters has been undertaken. Separation of dam samples into soluble and insoluble forms by selective membrane filtration was undertaken before using the techniques of EPR spectroscopy, ion chromatography and gel filtration to assess the speciation of soluble species, and selective extraction and surface analysis (ESCA, SIMS and SEM) techniques to determine the speciation of particulate iron and manganese species. The percentages of soluble iron and manganese before (1983–85) and after (1986–88) artificial aeration are compared for the periods Jan–Dec, Jan–Mar, and Jun–Aug at three depths 6 m, 15 m and 0.5 m above the dam base, to assess the importance of seasonal changes in the various depths of the dam. Although aeration had an initial marked reduction in levels of soluble iron and manganese at all depths of the dam, the concentrations of these mtals showed a steady increase over succeeding years. Analysis of the figures over summer and winter periods shows that the reduction of soluble iron was maintained in summer, but not during winter. Upon aeration, the initial reduction of soluble manganese concentration was maintained in succeeding years in the epilimnic regions of the dam, but not in the hypolimnion. Statistical analysis of data has been undertaken to correlate the changes in relationship between the various forms of iron and manganese with the advent of aeration.     

Disembodied and Disembedded? The Social and Economic Implications of Atmospheric Change and Biodiversity

The social and economic implications of atmospheric change on biodiversity need to be seen in a global context of major shifts in the conceptualization and management of our relationship with nature. Traditionally, we have conceptualized the atmosphere and the other creatures of the biosphere as separate from the human, but their quasi-autonomy is now becoming subject to more and more human management. This raises not only economic issues, but social, political, and ethical concerns that will have substantial influence on public policy. Among these are the commodification of genetic material; the privatization of traditional knowledge; and the management of information. In this broader context, the paper examines an array of current and proposed strategies of response to changes in biodiversity as a result of climatic and other stresses.     

Atmospheric Change and Biodiversity: Co-Networks and Networking

Canada responded to the Global Biodiversity Convention by completing the Canadian Biodiversity Strategy in 1995. At the same time, Environment Canada also completed a national Science Assessment on Biodiversity. During this period, the Smithsonian Institution, in partnership with Parks and Environment Canada, initiated the implementation of a global biodiversity monitoring program in Canada. Under the auspices of the United Nations Man and the Biosphere Program, the SI/MAB monitoring protocols and plots have spread across Canada at an unprecedented rate. National champions in the science and educational sectors, working within an inter-disciplinary ecological framework, have guided the development, education, quality control and sharing of atmosphere-biodiversity observations electronically.Atmospheric-Biodiversity Networks and Networking have traditionally operated within separate mandates with little degree of integration. Air-Bio Networks were designed within an integrated framework to better understand the atmospheric stress on biodiversity and the adaptation actions, nationally and regionally. Detailed examples of the cumulative effects of climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, acid deposition, ground-level ozone, suspended particulate matter and hazardous air pollutants on biodiversity will be discussed using a Southern Ontario case study. In addition, recommendations will be presented for future paired SI/MAB plots, linked networks and networking for adaptation within the context of climate, chemical and ecological gradients.     

太原市冬、夏季醛酮化合物污染特征及来源分析

针对太原市空气臭氧污染较为严重的问题,开展臭氧主要前体物醛酮化合物质量浓度及其变化规律研究.利用2,4-二硝基苯肼固相吸附/高效液相色谱方法,通过对太原市2019年冬季和夏季大气的醛酮化合物进行分析,发现太原市冬季总醛酮化合物的平均质量浓度为13μg/m3,低于夏季的27μg/m3.其中甲醛、乙醛和丙酮质量浓度最高,且...