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量子点在环境污染物检测中的应用进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
作为一类理想的荧光探针,量子点近年来在环境污染物定性定量分析方面的应用取得了很大进展,为环境监测提供了一种新的方法和技术,显示出极大的优越性。综述了量子点分子印迹、量子点自组装膜、双色量子点比率荧光传感等新技术在国内外环境污染物检测方面的研究进展,并对其发展前景作了展望。 相似文献
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研究了Windows Mobile智能手机平台上环境监测数据外业采集系统框架,以SQL Server Compact3.5数据库技术存储、管理现场监测数据,通过SQL Server复制技术将数据汇交到监测站的中心数据库中。提出了综合场景信息与业务因子监测数据同步(准同步)采集、一体化管理、关联分析、复合应用的集成应用思路。举例展示了系统配置和软件代码实现。 相似文献
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探究复杂环境介质中有机污染物分析检测新方法,建立复杂环境介质中可疑和非目标化合物的快速筛选及确证方案,已成为环境科学领域的研究热点。高分辨质谱仪(HR-MS)具有质量范围宽、扫描速度快、灵敏度高等优点,使其在环境科学领域得到广泛应用。综述了混合高分辨率质谱(Q-TOF/Q Orbitrap)等HR MS技术的特点和工作原理,基于目标化合物分析、可疑化合物分析以及非目标化合物分析这3类研究策略,阐述了HR-MS在环境研究、药品监管及生物代谢物研究等领域的应用现状,进而分析了现阶段HR MS在环境科学领域中的应用局限性和发展前景。 相似文献
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简述了麦积山彩色泥塑佛像及壁画文物保护与管理监测,以及物联网技术构建文物保护微环境监测系统。针对麦积山石窟环境监测现状和存在的问题,分析了基于物联网应用的监测和传感技术在石窟实施全覆盖、实时监控的方式,以及其优势和可行性。 相似文献
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《中国环境监测》2004,(4)
中国环境监测总站与安捷伦科技公司联合主办的“2 0 0 4中美环境监测技术与质量管理研讨会(暨污染物监测QA QC培训班)”于2 0 0 4年6月2 4日~2 5日在北京国际会议中心成功举办。本次研讨会旨在提高我国环境监测技术水平和能力,加强环境污染物监测过程中的质量管理,进一步增进中美环境分析工作者之间的交流与合作。本次研讨内容经过充分准备,针对目前我国环境监测技术研究的重点———有机污染物的监测分析技术进行研讨,研讨会邀请了美国资深专家,PaceAnalyticalServices的RogerC .Splinter博士、SevernTrentLabs的RichardBurrows博士… 相似文献
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基于融合化学发光原理、生物亲和反应原理和光纤生物传感原理,设计了一种化学发光光纤免疫传感分析仪,建立了小分子有机污染物的现场快速灵敏检测技术。以双酚A(BPA)为例,结合间接竞争免疫反应原理,通过研发惰性蛋白卵清蛋白偶联的包被抗原(BPA-OVA)功能化的光纤探头,建立了BPA现场快速检测的化学发光免疫分析新方法。结果表明,其线性检测范围为0.95~100.9μg/L,检测限为0.15μg/L。实际水样加标回收实验表明,该方法回收率为94.5%~116.0%,标准偏差<10%。该方法具有很好的精密度和准确度,能够用于实际水样中BPA的检测。利用其他小分子有机污染物包被抗原功能化的光纤探头和相应的荧光标记抗体,化学发光光纤免疫传感分析仪即可用于其他小分子有机污染物的现场快速检测。 相似文献
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Recent developments in wireless sensor technology afford the opportunity to rapidly and easily deploy large-scale, low-cost, and low-power sensor networks across relatively sizeable environmental regions. Furthermore, the advancement of increasingly smaller and less expensive wireless hardware is further complemented by the rapid development of open-source software components. These software protocols allow for interfacing with the hardware to program and configure the onboard processing and communication settings. In general, a wireless sensor network topology consists of an array of microprocessor boards, referred to as motes, which can engage in two-way communication among each other as well as with a base station that relays the mote data to a host computer. The information can then be either logged and displayed on the local host or directed to an http server for network monitoring remote from the site. A number of wireless sensor products are available that offer off-the-shelf network hardware as well as sensor solutions for environmental monitoring that are compatible with the TinyOS open-source software platform. This paper presents an introduction to wireless sensing and to the use of external antennas for increasing the antenna radiation intensity and shaping signal directivity for monitoring applications requiring larger mote-to-mote communication distances. 相似文献
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Environmental security is one of the fundamental requirements of our well being. However, it still remains a major global challenge. Therefore, in addition to reducing and/or eliminating the amounts of toxic discharges into the environment, there is need to develop techniques that can detect and monitor these environmental pollutants in a sensitive and selective manner to enable effective remediation. Because of their integrated nature, biosensors are ideal for environmental monitoring and detection as they can be portable and provide selective and sensitive rapid responses in real time. In this review we discuss the main concepts behind the development of biosensors that have most relevant applications in the field of environmental monitoring and detection. We also review and document recent trends and challenges in biosensor research and development particularly in the detection of species of environmental significance such as organophosphate nerve agents, heavy metals, organic contaminants, pathogenic microorganisms and their toxins. Special focus will be given to the trends that have the most promising applications in environmental security. We conclude by highlighting the directions towards which future biosensors research in environmental security sector might proceed. 相似文献
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Electrochemical sensors for environmental monitoring: design, development and applications 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The advancement in miniaturization and microfabrication technology has led to the development of sensitive and selective electrochemical devices for field-based and in situ environmental monitoring. Electrochemical sensing devices have a major impact upon the monitoring of priority pollutants by allowing the instrument to be taken to the sample (rather than the traditional way of bringing the sample to the laboratory). Such devices can perform automated chemical analyses in complex matrices and provide rapid, reliable and inexpensive measurements of a variety of inorganic and organic pollutants. Although not exhaustive due to the vast amounts of new and exciting electrochemical research, this review addresses many important advances in electrochemical sensor design and development for environmental monitoring purposes. Critical design factors and development issues including analytical improvements (e.g. detection limits), microfabrication and remote communication are presented. In addition, modern environmental applications will be discussed and future perspectives considered. 相似文献
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Carballeira C Ramos-Gómez J Martín-Díaz ML DelValls TA Carballeira A 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2012,14(5):1305-1316
The increase in aquaculture activities in the last few decades has not been accompanied by a corresponding increase in environmental controls and regulations. In this context, the application of environmental monitoring plans (EMPs) has become necessary to assess the environmental impact associated with fish farming wastes. The objective of this review paper is to evaluate the suitability of experimental and analytical procedures as monitoring tools for inclusion in EMPs for intensive land-based marine fish farms (LBMFFs). The strong hydrodynamics and, in particular, the lack of sediment on the rocky coasts where LBMFFs are usually located, greatly limit the monitoring tools that can be used. We propose EMPs that employ a weight-of-evidence approach to evaluate: contamination, trophic and toxic effects, and ecological integrity. Laboratory tests, in situ bioassays and field surveys of local species are presented as key tools for assessing the impact of LBMFFs on ecosystems. The δ(15)N signal along a spatial gradient is proposed for evaluating exposure to contaminants. Trophic effects can be determined by growth of transplanted macro- and microalgae. Toxic effects can be evaluated by responses at different levels of biological organization, including biochemical and histological changes, physiological alterations and survival, in species from different trophic levels. Fouling tests and analysis of community structures are recommended for assessing ecological integrity. This review contributes to the development of environmental controls for intensive LBMFFs, and for other activities that discharge wastewater to rocky shores. 相似文献
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Bourgeois W Romain AC Nicolas J Stuetz RM 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2003,5(6):852-860
Continuous, in situ monitoring of air, water and land quality is fundamental to most environmental applications. Low cost and non-invasive chemical sensor arrays provide a suitable technique for in situ monitoring. Their ability and performance under realistic conditions is discussed in this paper. Published studies report promising results despite a number of limitations that are associated with both the technology itself and its application in ever changing ambient conditions. Early investigations include the analysis of single substances as well as odour and wastewater organic load monitoring. Reported applications typically highlight the sensitivity of the currently available sensors to changes in temperature, humidity and flow rate. Two types of approaches are recommended to deal with these effects: either working under fixed experimental conditions or measuring the external parameters to numerically compensate for their change. The main challenge associated with the use of non-specific sensor arrays lies in establishing a relationship between the measured multivariate signals and the standards metrics that are traditionally used for quality assessment of gas mixtures. For instance, odour monitoring requires calibration against olfactometric measurements while investigations of wastewater samples still need to be correlated with organic pollution parameters such as BOD, COD or TOC. On the other hand, results obtained in the field have demonstrated how sensor arrays can be readily used as simple alarm devices or as early warning systems based on a general air/water quality index. 相似文献
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简述了国内外遥感监测平台的发展现状,基于湖南省生态环境遥感监测现状进行了分析,指出遥感监测平台存在遥感监测与评估技术缺乏、监测能力薄弱以及监测网络建设不完善等问题。从平台建设架构出发,构建了数据平台,对卫星遥感数据、地面调查/监测资料、无人机航测数据进行管理、存储、分析等;业务平台,主要围绕水、气、土壤等整个生态环境监测体系开展相应的监测和管理,还可针对重点区域,环境督察等业务进行拓展;展示平台,主要是通过各种终端设备和硬件对各类业务进行可视化。提出发射独立高分遥感卫星、深化遥感监测应用研究、加强各部门协同合作等建议,以期为湖南省生态环境遥感监测平台建设与发展提供参考。 相似文献