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1.
珠江口黄茅海表层海水和沉积物中重金属的分布及评价   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据2014年4月对珠江口黄茅海海域表层海水和沉积物中重金属分布的调查监测,采用单因子指数法、内梅罗指数法和生态危害指数法对其重金属污染水平进行评价。结果显示:该海域表层海水中部分站位的Pb、Cu、Zn和Hg超出第一类海水水质标准,内梅罗指数评价表明其整体处于轻污染水平。表层沉积物中部分站位的Hg、As和Cu超出第一类海洋沉积物质量标准,内梅罗指数评价表明其整体处于重污染水平,生态危害指数评价表明其整体可能面临中度风险,Hg为主要风险因子。表层海水中Pb、Cu、Zn具有同源性,表层沉积物中Pb、As、Zn和Cu具有同源性。  相似文献   

2.
于2020年对江苏省沿海脊尾白虾养殖区池塘的海水、沉积物和脊尾白虾肌肉组织中的重金属进行分析,同时采用单因子污染指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对其沉积物重金属进行评价。结果显示,养殖池塘水体中铜(Cu)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)和锌(Zn)的平均质量浓度分别为3.13,1.02,0.094和28.02 μg/L;沉积物中的平均质量分数分别为22.88,19.93,0.18和140.69 mg/kg;虾肌肉组织中的平均质量分数分别为12.49,0.50,0.18和28.65 mg/kg。生态环境质量评价结果表明,参照《海水水质标准》(GB 3097—1997),水体中Cu、Pb和Cd的质量浓度达到一类标准,Zn的质量浓度达到二类标准,属于清洁水平;沉积物中重金属的质量分数均达到《海洋沉积物质量标准》(GB 18668—2002)一类标准,属于较清洁水平,潜在生态风险为Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb,整体为轻微生态风险等级,Cd为主要污染元素;虾肌肉组织中重金属Pb和Cd的质量分数均达到《无公害食品 海水虾》(NY 5058—2006)标准。  相似文献   

3.
根据2010年3月(冬季)、5月(春季)、8月(夏季)、11月(秋季)对江苏省如东县贝类养殖区4次现场监测资料,着重对养殖区海水和表层沉积物中重金属的分布特征进行了分析,并对养殖区进行了生态环境质量评价及潜在生态风险评价。结果表明:海水中重金属污染程度顺序为Pb>Zn>Hg>Cu>As>Cd;表层沉积物中重金属的污染程度顺序依次为Zn>Pb>As>Cu>Hg>Cd;表层沉积物中重金属的潜在生态危害程度顺序依次为Hg>Cd>As>Pb>Cu>Zn。4次调查结果的多种重金属的潜在生态风险指数(RI)均低于140,表明这些重金属对海洋生态系统的潜在生态风险属于低潜在生态风险水平,养殖环境良好。  相似文献   

4.
湘江(衡阳段)河流沉积物中重金属潜在生态风险评价   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:9       下载免费PDF全文
对湘江(衡阳段)10个断面18个采样点的表层沉积物重金属(Cd、Hg、Pb、As、Cr、Zn、Cu)进行监测和分析,采用Lars Hanson潜在生态危害指数法对各种重金属的生态风险进行评价。结果表明,湘江(衡阳段)表层沉积物中各重金属潜在生态危害系数大小排序为:Cd〉Hg〉Pb〉As〉Cu〉Zn〉Cr。多种重金属的综合潜在生态风险指数RI为913.4,表明湘江(衡阳段)沉积物重金属污染属于很强的生态危害。  相似文献   

5.
开阳磷矿大规模采选矿活动对洋水河造成一定程度的重金属污染,为了解其污染状况,分析了洋水河水体中重金属Cd、U、Cu、Pb、Cr、Zn和类金属As等7种元素的含量,探讨其分布特征,并用地累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法对沉积物中重金属污染程度及潜在生态危害进行了综合评价。结果表明,洋水河河水中重金属的浓度均低于中国地表水环境质量V类水质标准,沉积物中Cd、As和Zn的平均含量为1.27、50.28、151μg/g,分别高于贵州省土壤背景值6.05、3.14、2.26倍,高于中国水系沉积物背景值约9.07、5.53、2.89倍,其余元素均低于或接近贵州省土壤背景值和中国水系沉积物背景值,洋水河沉积物已不同程度受到Cd、As和Zn的污染;地累积指数评价结果表明,沉积物中Cd为中度污染,As属于轻度污染,其余元素均为无污染或轻度污染;潜在生态危害指数评价结果表明,单个重金属元素Cd的生态危害指数最大,其次是As,其余4种重金属均属于轻微生态风险,危害性小,综合潜在生态风险指数表明沉积物中重金属达到中等以上风险水平。  相似文献   

6.
以珠海码头作为调查船舶防污漆使用影响的对象,分析了珠海周边海域码头内表层沉积物与海水中的重金属含量,以Cu元素为讨论重点,对其进行污染程度与潜在生态危害的评估。结果表明,码头内表层沉积物中Cu含量明显高于码头外沉积物,离市区较近的香洲码头和金沙滩码头内沉积物受到中等至较高程度的Cu污染,海岛东澳岛码头海水易流通,因此受污染程度较低。使用Hakanson生态危害指数法对沉积物进行评估的结果为低潜在生态危害,但码头内海水中Cu元素含量已高于生态安全限值。  相似文献   

7.
湘江长沙段沉积物重金属污染状况及潜在生态风险评价   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
根据重金属环境化学行为的特点,应用沉积学原理,对湘江长沙段5个代表性断面10个采样点的表层沉积物中重金属(Hg、CA、As、Pb、Cu、Cr、Zn)进行监测和分析,采用Lars Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对各种重金属的生态风险进行了评价。结果表明:按当地最高背景值为参比值计算,湘江长沙段表层沉积物中各种重金属潜在生态危害系数大小排序为Cd〉Hg〉As〉Pb〉Cu〉Cr〉Zn,多种重金属的潜在生态风险综合指数为560.8,表明湘江长沙段沉积物重金属污染属于强生态危害。  相似文献   

8.
对濠河沉积物重金属污染的总体水平进行调查,采用地累积指数法、内梅罗综合污染指数法和潜在生态危害指数法评价南通市濠河沉积物重金属污染现状及潜在生态环境风险,分析2001-2011年濠河沉积物重金属污染变化趋势.结果表明,濠河重金属污染程度属于中污染水平,重金属潜在生态危害属较强级别,毒性系数较大的总镉潜在生态危害排在首位,总镉应作为今后濠河水环境综合整治的重点防控指标.  相似文献   

9.
花溪水库表层沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1  
以现代工业化前正常颗粒沉积物中重金属含量的最高背景值为参比值,结合潜在生态风险指数法对花溪沉积物中重金属的生态危害进行了评价。结果表明,花溪水库沉积物中重金属的富集顺序为Cu>Zn>Pb>Cr>As>Cd>Hg,污染水平顺序为Hg>Cd>Cu>As>Pb>Cr>Zn;重金属的潜在生态风险系数(Eir)表明,除个别样点外,大多属于轻微生态危害范畴;多种重金属的生态系统的潜在生态风险指数(IR)表明,花溪水库沉积物重金属污染属于轻微生态危害。  相似文献   

10.
太湖沉积物重金属污染及生态风险性评价   总被引:26,自引:6,他引:20  
对1993年~1999年所采集的太湖表层沉积物中重金属含量进行了统计分析和生态风险性评价.结果表明,太湖沉积物的pH值呈中性至弱碱性,较适合于沉积物中粘土矿物及腐殖质对重金属的吸附;太湖大部分地区沉积物未受到重金属污染,且沉积物中重金属处于安全状态.沉积物生态风险性指数评价结果也表明,太湖大部分地区目前无重金属生态危害.  相似文献   

11.
天津近郊农田土壤重金属污染特征及潜在生态风险评价   总被引:9,自引:5,他引:4  
以天津近郊西青区主要农产品生产基地农田表层土壤(0~20cm)作为调查对象,分析了土壤中重金属As、Hg、Zn、Pb、Cu、Cr和Cd的含量,通过数据统计分析,各项重金属平均含量均低于《土壤环境质量标准》(GB 15618—1995)二级标准,但高于天津土壤背景值和全国土壤背景值,Cd、Cu、Hg在个别点位出现超标现象。多数点位土壤内梅罗综合污染指数处于清洁水平。潜在生态风险评价表明,各点位土壤重金属潜在生态风险指数(RI)为12.96~104.49,均处于轻微生态风险水平。  相似文献   

12.
The paper presents the results of heavy metals determination in samples of sedimentary rocks from the Mosina-Krajkowo water well field (Poland). The concentration of heavy metals was analysed by type of rock (sand, gravel, warp, silt, till, and clay). Variation of heavy metal concentrations with depth was studied taking into account the age series of the rocks (fluvial sediments of the modern Warta River valley, sediments of the Baltic Glaciation, tills of the Middle-Polish Glaciation, sediments of the Masovian Interglacial (Holstein), tills of the Poznań series) and granulometric fractions. The grain sizes considered included: >2.0, 2.0-1.0, 1.0-0.5, 0.5-0.25, 0.25-0.1, 0.1-0.063, and <0.063 mm. The concentrations of the heavy metals studied were found to change with the type of rock, age series, and granulometric fraction. The levels of the metals were determined by the technique of atomic absorption spectrometry with flame atomisation (F-AAS) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES).  相似文献   

13.
A BCR-sequential extraction procedure for the determination of extractable heavy metals was applied to sediments of various rivers and lakes. There are many rivers basins in Turkey. Sakarya River Basin is one of the most important basins, which consists of three parts: Upper, Middle and Lower Sakarya River Basins. In this study, the Lower Sakarya River was selected as the study area for sediments. The samples were collected monthly from 10 pre-determined stations through the river for 10 months time and analysed for the distribution of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn elements. The determination of extractable heavy metals in sediments was carried out by using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. The validation of the results was performed by the analysis of a BCR 701 standard reference material.  相似文献   

14.
长江南京段近岸沉积物和土壤中重金属分布特征分析   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
通过测定沉积物和土壤中Cd、Pb、Cr、Zn、Cu、Ni 6种重金属元素的平均含量,计算其富集因子,分析长江南京段近岸沉积物和土壤中重金属的空间分布特征,结果表明,几种重金属在沉积物中的富集次序为:CdPbCr1NiCuZn,在土壤中为:CdZnCu1CrPbNi,除Zn和Cu外,其他几种金属在沉积物中的富集程度高于土壤,同时Cd的含量超过土壤环境质量三级标准。以Cd和Pb为例分析了重金属含量与沉积物粒级之间的关系,回归分析显示,Cd、Pb的含量与颗粒物的粒级呈显著的相关性,与细颗粒物的含量有密切关系,细颗粒携带的重金属,在长江水力分选作用下到达下游,成为沉积物中重金属的主要来源。  相似文献   

15.
The analysis of heavy metals is very important for assessing the feasibility of the agricultural utilization for the municipal sludge. In this paper, a four-step sequential extraction method was applied to extract heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Ni) in municipal sludges from seven individual wastewater treatment plants located in Jilin and Heilongjiang Province, China, for estimating the mobility and bioavailability of the metal ions in the agricultural application. The total concentrations of heavy metals and their chemical fractions after the sequential extraction were determined. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to analyze the relations of heavy metals fractions in the municipal sludges. Experimental results indicated that the total concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cr, and Ni in all sludge samples were below the threshold values set out by the Chinese legislation (GB18918-2002). Specially, Zn had a high bioavailability and mobility, Cu and Cr had potential bioavailability, while Mn mainly existed in the residual fraction of municipal sludge. On the other hand, Ni had different mobility in different municipal sludge. PCA results were confirmed by the environmental behavior of heavy metals.  相似文献   

16.
Surface sediments throughout Ebrié lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire were collected in 2001 and analyzed for their heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) contaminant content. Geochemical maps of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn) in the surface sediment were produced based on geographical information system (GIS) technology. Heavy metals and PAH were detected at high concentration and provide evidence for several anthropogenic inputs to the lagoon. A significant spatial relationship was found for Fe, Zn, and Cu in the sediment using a GIS-based analysis, suggesting that these metal contaminants in the sediments of the Biétri bay had common sources.  相似文献   

17.
游芳 《干旱环境监测》2009,23(3):156-158
海水中挥发酚制备时,磷酸的添加量对检测结果的准确性会有较大影响。本文通过改进挥发酚的蒸馏方法进行测定,得出比较准确的结果。同时对漳州沿海典型海水养殖区的挥发酚进行了检测。结果显示,各养殖区挥发酚的含量均在0.006~0.013mg/L之间,超过了《海水水质标准》(GB3097—1997)的第二类海水水质标准。  相似文献   

18.
Heavy metals in sediments from Baisha Bay, Nan'ao Island, one of Guangdong Province's largest mariculture bases in Southern China, were investigated. The results display that the concentrations of 6 heavy metals from surface sediments were 0.040-0.220 (Cd), 24.22-39.61 (Pb), 25.30-42.66 (Cr), 10.83-19.54 (Ni), 15.06-39.24 (Cu) and 55.12-141.73 mg kg(-1) (Zn), respectively. The highest concentrations and the greatest increasing rates of heavy metals were found in a sediment core in a fish cage culture area due to receiving sewage discharge, uneaten fish bait, and boat gasoline combustion. Cd was preferentially associated with the acid-soluble fraction and Pb mainly with the reducible fraction in surface sediments. Meanwhile, Cd and Pb displayed greatest labile fractions, indicating anthropogenic origin. A principal component analysis (PCA) revealed three groupings (Cd; Cr, Ni and Cu; Pb and Zn) that mainly result from different distributions of the metals in the various fractions. The ecological risk of the polluted sediments stemmed mainly from Cd, and from Pb and Cu to a lesser degree. It is suggested that the density of fish-stocking be controlled, periodic movement of rafts (cages) be introduced, and the total numbers of net-cages and human activities in the mariculture zones be restricted. in order to facilitate the recovery of the polluted sediment.  相似文献   

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