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1.
高效液相色谱-柱前衍生法测定水中有机磷除草剂   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
建立了水样中痕量草甘膦、草铵膦和氨甲基磷酸的FMOC柱前衍生-高效液相色谱-荧光检测分析方法。草甘膦,草铵膦和氨甲基磷酸的平均加标回收率分别为94.2%、90.8%、98.6%;相对标准偏差分别为4.8%、0.68%、2.8%;方法的定性下限和定量下限分别为0.05、0.04、0.009μg/L和0.16、0.12、0.03μg/L。水样放置两天后,水样中的草甘膦、草铵膦分别降解了17.8%和19.5%,而水样经过衍生后在5天内是稳定的。  相似文献   

2.
气相色谱法测定地表水中百菌清和菊酯类农药   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用正己烷萃取地表水中的百菌清和6种菊酯类农药,通过毛细管气相色谱法-电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)定性定量。供试农药的线性范围:百菌清为10.0μg/L~200μg/L,6种菊酯类为50.0μg/L~1 000μg/L;方法检出限分别为:百菌清0.054μg/L,甲氰菊酯0.62μg/L,三氟氯氰菊酯0.68μg/L,氯菊酯0.40μg/L,氯氰菊酯0.65μg/L,氰戊菊酯0.78μg/L,溴氰菊酯0.15μg/L;对地表水样品3个质量浓度水平的平均加标回收率为91.3%~118%,6次平行测定的RSD<5%。  相似文献   

3.
原子荧光光谱法同时测定环境水体中痕量锡和锌   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
采用原子荧光光谱法同时测定环境水样中痕量锡和锌,优化了试验条件。锡在1.00μg/L~10.0μg/L、锌在20.0μg/L~200μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限锡为0.13μg/L,锌为1.76μg/L,锡和锌标准溶液测定的相对标准偏差分别为2.9%和4.0%,环境水样加标回收率锡为96.4%~106%,锌为92.0%~111%。  相似文献   

4.
使用Oasis HLB固相萃取柱,以正己烷/丙酮混合溶剂(体积比为3∶1)为洗脱溶剂,采用毛细管柱气相色谱电子捕获检测器同时测定水中15种硝基苯类化合物,以保留时间定性,外标标准曲线法定量。硝基苯和硝基甲苯在50.0μg/L~1 000μg/L、其他硝基苯类化合物在5.00μg/L~100μg/L范围内线性良好,检出限硝基苯和硝基甲苯为0.035μg/L~0.052μg/L,其他硝基苯类化合物为0.003 5μg/L~0.005 6μg/L,加标水样平行测定的RSD为1.4%~4.0%,平均回收率为92%~100%。  相似文献   

5.
分别对长沙、杭州、长春3处试验田实施氰氟草酯10%水乳剂在稻田环境中的消解动态与最终残留量试验,样品前处理后用高效液相色谱法测定。该方法在5.00μg/L~5 000μg/L范围内线性良好,稻田水方法检出限为0.01 mg/L,土壤、植株、稻米和稻壳检出限为0.05 mg/kg~0.07 mg/kg,加标回收率为78.4%~109%,5次试验结果的RSD为1.6%~7.0%。氰氟草酯10%水乳剂在田水、土壤及水稻植株中的半衰期t1/230 d,属于易消解农药。农药推荐使用剂量下(1 050 g/hm2),3处试验田收获的稻米最终残留量均为未检出。  相似文献   

6.
选用配备了2种不同检测器(电导检测器和直流安培检测器)的离子色谱仪对稀释后过0.22μm滤膜的水样进行分析。配备有直流安培检测器的离子色谱仪测定水中碘化物的方法在0.100~20.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)=0.9999,方法检出限为0.030μg/L,测定下限为0.120μg/L,样品加标回收率为95.0%~104%,相对标准偏差为1.06%~1.64%;配备有电导检测器的离子色谱仪测定水中碘化物的方法在20.0~2.00×105μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)=0.9995,方法检出限为2.00μg/L,测定下限为8.00μg/L,样品加标回收率为99.0%~110%,相对标准偏差为0.71%~3.12%。离子色谱-直流安培检测器法测定水中碘化物的方法准确度高、灵敏度高、精密度好,检出限相对较低,适用于测定ρ(碘化物)≤20.0μg/L的清洁水样;离子色谱-电导检测器法主要适用于测定ρ(碘化物)≥20.0μg/L的水样。  相似文献   

7.
对测定水中铅的原子荧光法和ICP-MS法进行了对比分析。通过标准曲线、方法检出限、精密度、准确度的测定对比,结果表明,原子荧光法标准曲线在0~50μg/L内线性良好,相关系数为0.9995,检出限为0.06μg/L,精密度为1.44%~3.83%,实际样品加标回收率为92.0%~104%;ICPMS法标准曲线在0~100μg/L内线性良好,相关系数为1.0000,检出限为0.02μg/L,精密度为1.02%~3.67%,实际加标回收率为95.0%~106%。  相似文献   

8.
采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱联用法(HPLC-MS/MS)测定地表水及饮用水中11种酚类化合物,通过优化测定条件,使HPLC法在0.020 mg/L~50.0 mg/L范围内,HPLC-MS/MS法在0.500μg/L~250μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限分别为0.005μg/L~0.031μg/L和0.005μg/L~1.56μg/L。未检出的实际样品加标回收率分别为57.2%~96.7%和81.3%~113%,RSD分别为1.5%~5.3%和3.9%~17.7%。  相似文献   

9.
2020年3月2日—2021年2月28日在安庆市政务服务中心楼顶设置监测点,手工采集PM2.5样品,运用多波段碳分析仪(DRI Model 2015)分析样品中碳质组分有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)质量浓度;利用OC/EC法、相关分析法和主成分因子分析法对PM2.5中碳质组分的污染特征和可能来源进行解析。结果显示:安庆市手工采样期间PM2.5平均质量浓度为(45.9±28.1)μg/m3,OC和EC的平均浓度分别为(8.0±3.4)、(1.4±0.6)μg/m3,在PM2.5中占比为17.4%、3.1%。四季OC平均浓度分布为冬季(9.7±4.2)μg/m3 >春季(9.0±2.5)μg/m3 >秋季(8.3±2.9)μg/m3 >夏季(5.1±1.6)μg/m3,EC平均浓度分布为冬季(1.7±0.5)μg/m3 >春季(1.7±0.6)μg/m3 >秋季(1.3±0.4)μg/m3 >夏季(0.8±0.3)μg/m3。OC/EC范围为3.11~12.14,平均值为5.83,表明安庆市存在二次有机碳(SOC),SOC均值为(2.89±1.94)μg/m3,分别占OC和PM2.5浓度的36.1%、6.3%;四季OC、EC相关性不显著,r均小于0.85,说明安庆市的碳质组分较复杂;在不同空气质量等级条件下,OC质量浓度随着污染等级的升高而逐渐升高,EC质量浓度随着污染等级升高而先升高后降低。利用主成分分析法进行来源解析发现,道路扬尘、燃煤、柴油车尾气是碳质组分的主要来源。  相似文献   

10.
采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)测定尿液中的苯代谢产物反-反黏糠酸与苯巯基尿酸,通过优化前处理和测定条件,使反-反黏糠酸在10.0μg/L~1 000μg/L范围内,苯巯基尿酸在0.500μg/L~50.0μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为1.4μg/L和0.08μg/L。将该方法用于实际尿样的加标回收试验,结果加标回收率为90.6%~108%,6次测定结果的RSD为1.5%~4.2%,有证标准物质测定结果在规定范围内。  相似文献   

11.
我国沙尘暴灾害及其治理对策初步研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
分析研究了沙尘暴的成因、时空分布、发展趋势及造成的灾害,结合国外经验提出了我国治理的对策建议。  相似文献   

12.
李江 《干旱环境监测》2006,20(4):246-248
针对目前室内环境监测工作出现的种种问题,就如何规范的开展室内环境监测工作,更好地为社会提供真实、准确、有效的监测数据,本文提出相关的探讨。  相似文献   

13.
The social and economic implications of atmospheric change on biodiversity need to be seen in a global context of major shifts in the conceptualization and management of our relationship with nature. Traditionally, we have conceptualized the atmosphere and the other creatures of the biosphere as separate from the human, but their quasi-autonomy is now becoming subject to more and more human management. This raises not only economic issues, but social, political, and ethical concerns that will have substantial influence on public policy. Among these are the commodification of genetic material; the privatization of traditional knowledge; and the management of information. In this broader context, the paper examines an array of current and proposed strategies of response to changes in biodiversity as a result of climatic and other stresses.  相似文献   

14.
Canada responded to the Global Biodiversity Convention by completing the Canadian Biodiversity Strategy in 1995. At the same time, Environment Canada also completed a national Science Assessment on Biodiversity. During this period, the Smithsonian Institution, in partnership with Parks and Environment Canada, initiated the implementation of a global biodiversity monitoring program in Canada. Under the auspices of the United Nations Man and the Biosphere Program, the SI/MAB monitoring protocols and plots have spread across Canada at an unprecedented rate. National champions in the science and educational sectors, working within an inter-disciplinary ecological framework, have guided the development, education, quality control and sharing of atmosphere-biodiversity observations electronically.Atmospheric-Biodiversity Networks and Networking have traditionally operated within separate mandates with little degree of integration. Air-Bio Networks were designed within an integrated framework to better understand the atmospheric stress on biodiversity and the adaptation actions, nationally and regionally. Detailed examples of the cumulative effects of climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, acid deposition, ground-level ozone, suspended particulate matter and hazardous air pollutants on biodiversity will be discussed using a Southern Ontario case study. In addition, recommendations will be presented for future paired SI/MAB plots, linked networks and networking for adaptation within the context of climate, chemical and ecological gradients.  相似文献   

15.
针对太原市空气臭氧污染较为严重的问题,开展臭氧主要前体物醛酮化合物质量浓度及其变化规律研究。利用2,4-二硝基苯肼固相吸附/高效液相色谱方法,通过对太原市2019年冬季和夏季大气的醛酮化合物进行分析,发现太原市冬季总醛酮化合物的平均质量浓度为13 μg/m3,低于夏季的27 μg/m3。其中甲醛、乙醛和丙酮质量浓度最高,且甲醛和丙酮在夏季的质量浓度远高于冬季。冬季三者质量浓度在污染天和良好天分别呈现了双峰和单峰日变化;夏季甲醛和乙醛的质量浓度、大部分丙酮质量浓度呈现了双峰日变化,但甲醛和乙醛在上午、丙酮在18:00—20:00出现了最高值。三者质量浓度与CO质量浓度在冬季呈正相关,在夏季无相关。研究表明:冬季甲醛、乙醛和丙酮主要来自机动车尾气排放;夏季甲醛、乙醛和丙酮主要来自光化学反应二次生成,机动车尾气和植物排放对三者也有一定贡献。  相似文献   

16.
A simple and accurate method of determining metalaxyl and cymoxanil in pepper and soil was developed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection. The limits of detection were 0.015 mg/kg for metalaxyl and 0.003 mg/kg for cymoxanil. The limits of quantification were 0.05 mg/kg for metalaxyl in pepper and soil as well as 0.01 mg/kg for cymoxanil in pepper and soil. Recoveries of pepper and soil were investigated at three spiking levels and ranged within 77.52 to 102.05 % for metalaxyl and 87.15 to 103.21 % for cymoxanil, with relative standard deviations below 9.30 %. For field experiments, the half-lives of metalaxyl were 3.2 to 3.9 days in pepper and 4.4 to 9.5 days in soil at the three experimental locations in China. At harvest, pepper samples were found to contain metalaxyl and cymoxanil well below the maximum residue limit MRLs of the European Union (EU) following the recommended dosage and the interval of 21 days after last application.  相似文献   

17.
A simple and accurate method for the determination of bismerthiazol and its metabolite 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole was developed in Chinese cabbage and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection in this study. The limits of detection were 0.06 mg/kg for bismerthiazol and 0.03 mg/kg for 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, respectively. Recoveries of cabbage and soil were investigated at three spiking levels and were in the range of 84.0–96.0 % for bismerthiazol and 71.0–74.6 % for 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, with relative standard deviations below 7.0 %. For field experiments, the half-life of bismerthiazol was 2.4–2.5 days in Chinese cabbage and 2.5–4.8 days in soil at the two experimental locations in China. Dissipation residues of 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole were lower than 0.72 mg/kg. Terminal residues of bismerthiazol and its metabolite were less than 3.0 and 0.3 mg/kg in Chinese cabbage, respectively. No bismerthiazol or metabolite residues were detected in soil on days 5, 7, 10, and 14 after the last spraying at the two dosage levels.  相似文献   

18.
废旧干电池的环境污染防治及回收利用   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
王颖 《干旱环境监测》2002,16(2):113-115
介绍了各种干电池的基本化学组成,分析了废旧干电池污染环境的主要途径及对人类的危害,并就回收利用问题提出建议。  相似文献   

19.
A simple residue analytical method using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) procedure for the determination of trifloxystrobin and its metabolite trifloxystrobin acid (CGA321113) in tomato and soil was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The limits of detection were 0.0005 mg/kg for trifloxystrobin and 0.001 mg/kg for trifloxystrobin acid, respectively. The average recoveries in tomato and soil ranged from 73–99 % for trifloxystrobin and 75–109 % for trifloxystrobin acid, with relative standard deviations below 15 %. The method was then used to study the dissipation and residues in tomato and soil. The dissipation half-lives of trifloxystrobin in tomato were 2.9 days (Beijing) and 5.4 days (Shandong), while in soil were 1.9 days (Beijing) and 3.0 days (Shandong), respectively. The final results showed that the major residue compound was trifloxystrobin in tomato whereas it was its metabolite, trifloxystrobin acid, in soil. The final residues of total trifloxystrobin (including trifloxystrobin acid) were below the EU maximum residue limit of 0.5 mg kg?1 in tomato 3 days after the treatment.  相似文献   

20.
根据国内危险化学品分类与分级管理现状,结合北京大学实验室危险化学品管理工作实际情况,总结了危险化学品源头管控、过程管理、监督检查等方面的分级分类管理策略与方法,介绍了北京大学在实验室安全教育与培训、技防与物防建设、信息化技术运用、奖惩机制建设方面的经验,以期为提升危险化学品管理水平、消除安全隐患、提高高校实验室安全管理质量提供参考。  相似文献   

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