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1.
常州某农药生产场地土壤中挥发性有机物污染状况调查   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
对常州某农药生产场地土壤中挥发性有机物污染状况进行了调查。数据表明,该场地土壤中挥发性有机物污染以苯系物和卤代烃为主。苯系物浓度为0~56.7mg/kg,卤代烃浓度为0~1.14mg/kg,有潜在风险。  相似文献   

2.
对常州某农药生产场地土壤中挥发性有机物(VOCs)污染状况以及健康风险和生态风险进行了调查评价。结果表明,该场地土壤中挥发性有机物污染以苯系物和卤代烃为主。苯系物质量浓度为0~56.6 mg/kg,卤代烃质量浓度为0~1.14 mg/kg。健康风险评价结果均在可接受范围内,而生态风险评价显示生产车间内的土壤VOCs生态风险较大,存在着对生物的危害。  相似文献   

3.
对常州某废弃农药生产场地地下水中挥发性有机物污染状况和健康风险进行了调查评价。结果表明,该场地地下水中挥发性有机物污染以苯系物、氯代苯类和氯代烃类为主;部分点位地下水健康风险评价结果超出可接受范围,可能危害人体。  相似文献   

4.
论述污染场地调查之前开展场地水文地质调查的重要性。通过案例说明,水文地质调查能够查明场地内各土层的渗透性,判断相对隔水层和透水层的分布特征,这些信息为建立场地水文地质模型、设计污染土壤取样范围和深度、确定地下水监测井设置深度和滤网位置提供科学依据,从而有效节约调查经费,提高调查结果的准确性。  相似文献   

5.
Surfer软件和AutoCAD在污染场地调查及风险评估中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在场地调查和风险评估报告中需要描述污染物分布和确定土壤修复区域和范围,目前对此无统一的技术要求,不同案例使用的技术方法不同。今提出将 Surfer软件和 AutoCAD结合使用生成等值线图件,以及据此确定污染土壤修复范围的方法,并基于某搬迁化工厂初步土壤调查及风险评估的案例介绍了操作步骤。旨在介绍2个专业软件联用的新功能的开发和使用技巧,为编制场地调查和风险评估报告提供一种便捷、易操作的工作方法。  相似文献   

6.
以成都平原某废弃铅蓄电池污染场地为例,调查识别典型工业场地主要污染物空间分布特征和剖面迁移特征。结果表明:场地主要潜在Pb污染源有建筑垃圾、土壤及残留废水,潜在污染途径为大气降尘、含Pb废水排放;建筑垃圾中Pb、Cd、As等污染严重;场地内酸液暂存池和清洗池地表水中Pb、Cd超标严重,均为劣Ⅴ类;场地内及周边环境地下水中Cd、Cr污染较重;区内表层土壤中Pb、Cd污染严重,且呈面源性,距循环水池及酸液暂存池1.2 m处土壤中Pb含量远高于周边区域。  相似文献   

7.
有机污染土壤修复技术研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
有机污染土壤中有机物种类繁多,对生态环境和人类健康存在极大的安全隐患。由于我国工农业的快速发展,诸多有机污染场地亟待治理修复,但我国的土壤治理修复工作相对于美国等发达国家起步较晚,针对有机污染因子种类繁多的污染土壤治理修复技术相对落后,在严峻的土壤修复形式下,有机污染土壤的治理修复得到了诸多科研工作者的关注。文章综述了现阶段针对有机污染土壤的治理修复技术,主要包括生物修复技术、物理修复技术以及化学修复技术。分析各类修复技术的技术原理,结合现阶段污染土壤治理修复工作现状,对其优缺点进行归纳,展望了有机污染土壤修复技术的应用前景,为我国今后开展有机物污染土壤的治理修复工作提供依据。  相似文献   

8.
杭州市交通干线空气中挥发性有机物研究   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
研究了杭州市四季交通干线空气中挥发性有机物分布和浓度特征,得出汽车尾气是市区交通干线空气中挥发性有机物的主要污染来源,且有机物浓度与交通干线繁忙程度成正比,杭州市交通干线空气中挥发性有机物污染以春季最为严重,秋季最轻。  相似文献   

9.
以江阴某电化厂搬离时,对遗留场地开展的污染调查与健康风险评估为实例,通过对研究场地的生产历史和未来规划的分析,制定污染场地的布点采样和监测方案,对土壤和地下水中相关污染物浓度进行了监测和风险分析;并对后续场地再开发利用提出合理建议。  相似文献   

10.
结合我国污染场地的普遍特征以及场地初步调查的基本目标,从布点前期准备、布点原则、布点程序和布点方法等方面详细探讨了污染场地土壤初步调查的点位布设方法;并从采样准备、采集方法、采集程序以及现场记录等环节探讨了现场样品采集的注意事项和要求,以期为污染场地环境调查的土壤监测和采样提供借鉴。  相似文献   

11.
典型化工园区大气中挥发性有机物污染调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
对常州市某典型化工园区大气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)污染状况进行了调查。结果表明,该化工园区大气中检出挥发性有机物共有58种,组分有芳香烃、饱和烷烃、卤代烃、烯烃、醛酯类化合物及其他类;苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯为主要挥发性有机污染物,质量浓度为1.0~194μg/m~3;均未超出参考标准的限值。背景点位和园区点位大气中主要ρ总(VOCs)在秋冬季最高,敏感点大气VOCs随季节变化也较为明显;园区T1和T2ρ总(VOCs)年均值高于敏感点位,背景点位年均值最低;园区点位除了汽车尾气排放之外,溶剂的挥发和生产工艺中污染物的排放也增加了大气中苯系物的浓度,同时也对敏感点位和对照点位的大气质量产生了一定的影响。  相似文献   

12.
2019年8—9月,在常州市洛阳小学、市监测站和武澄工业园3个监测站点开展了为期49 d的环境空气57种挥发性有机物(VOCs)离线加密监测,分析其浓度水平及组成特征。结果表明,3个站点VOCs的体积分数分别为29.8×10-9,20.8×10-9和25.3×10-9。3个站点中烷烃的值均值最大,其值占比依次为59.1%,57.2%和51.4%,烷烃中均以乙烷、丙烷和正丁烷值最大。应用臭氧生成潜势(OFP)、OH自由基消耗速率和二次有机气溶胶生成潜势(SOAP)分别对3个站点进行计算,结果显示,各站点芳香烃的数值均最大,OFP占比为67.1%~68.0%,OH自由基消耗速率占比为45.4%~52.0%,SOAP占比为93.3%~94.7%,芳香烃中关键活性组分是甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯等。上风向的洛阳小学与武澄工业园VOCs浓度比市区的市监测站更高,OFP和SOAP也均高于市监测站,表明上风方向的VOCs排放对市区影响较大。  相似文献   

13.
在对江苏省化工企业开展挥发性有机物(VOCs)治理核查评估的基础上,采用层次分析(AHP)与模糊综合评价(FCE)相结合的方法,运用化工企业AHP-FCE综合评估模型,建立了包括项目建立、现场排查、评估分析和管理监督4个准则层及22个指标层的化工企业VOCs治理综合评估体系。以江苏某化工园区企业为例,运用建立的指标体系对3家企业进行VOCs治理评估,结果表明,评估结果与企业实际状况相符。提出,VOCs治理评估指标体系的应用,可确定指标权重,解决模糊性问题,减少企业在VOCs整治绩效评估中的主观臆断,具有实际应用价值。  相似文献   

14.
于2016年对宜兴市大气挥发性有机物(VOCs)和臭氧(O_3)的变化特征进行了分析。结果表明,宜兴市O3年均值为62.92μg/m~3,其中冬季值最低(31.19μg/m~3),夏季值最高(94.96μg/m~3)。φ(VOCs)为(11.00~42.45)×10~(-9),其中丙酮(12.7%)、乙酸乙酯(8.8%)和丙烯(3.3%)等在VOCs中占比位于前3位。各站点φ(甲苯)/φ(苯)2,全年的φ(甲苯)/φ(苯)φ(乙苯)/φ(苯)φ(间、对二甲苯)/φ(苯)。指出VOCs主要来源为有机溶剂和道路交通,并受到一定的外来输送影响。各站点φ(VOCs)/φ(NOx)为0.94~2.44,O3处于VOCs敏感区。  相似文献   

15.
By using a dynamic dilution system, the atmospheric measurement of 11 selected toxics VOCs (ethylene, acetylene, propene, 1-butene, 1,3-butadiene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m+p-xylene) from the list WHO of 1996 and TO-14 method of US EPA by preconcentration by thermal desorption (TD), analysis by gas chromatography (GC), identification and quantification with a flame ionisation detector (FID) was developed and validated in term of metrology, especially the techniques of sampling of these VOCs with adsorbents cartridges "Air Toxics" when used with an "UMEG sampler" equipped in the inlet with a nafion membrane. In particular the influence of climatic conditions (temperature and relative humidity) and the influence of chemical factors like ozone, on the representativity of sampling were studied. Experiments made with various humidities showed that the addition of a nafion membrane in the inlet of the sampling system was required. Without this membrane, losses of compounds were observed for RH >50%. With this membrane, storage for 2 weeks in a refrigerator, as for canisters, did not induce a loss of compounds. No significative decrease of concentrations of the studied VOCs after 14 days storage, which are known to react with ozone, were observed with an ozone concentrations of 55 ppb. One explanation is that nafion membrane, placed in the inlet of the sampler, will neutralize ozone before entering the sampling tubes. This observation is in accordance with literature which states that the sampling of VOCs on Carbotrap cartridges without ozone scrubber induce a loss of compounds.  相似文献   

16.
利用无人机对某石化工业园区地面至100 m大气中的VOCs进行监测,通过不同高度数据对比,总结该石化工业园区挥发性有机物的垂直分布特征,并分析其化学反应活性。监测结果表明,VOCs体积分数和总臭氧生成潜势随高度增加均呈下降趋势,地面和15~30 m高度的VOCs浓度及臭氧生成潜势基本一致。主要VOCs物种浓度垂直分布特征可分为均匀分布、随高度增加浓度不断降低、随高度增加浓度先升后降3种。含氧有机物和烷烃在大气中体积分数较大,主要特征挥发性有机物为丙酮、乙醛、乙烷、乙醇等;臭氧生成潜势贡献较大的组分为含氧有机物、烯烃和炔烃,关键活性物质为甲醛、乙醛、丁烯醛、正丁醛等。含氧有机物的体积分数和臭氧生成潜势贡献在地面至100 m高度都明显高于其他组分,应作为VOCs浓度和化学活性控制的重点。  相似文献   

17.
通过利用近地面在线监测、塔基点式梯度在线监测、地基雷达遥感在线监测等技术方法构建臭氧浓度立体在线监测系统,并将其应用于对臭氧浓度分布、传输及变化的分析研究。结合臭氧前体物挥发性有机物(VOCs)监测现状,研究开展VOCs离线监测,完善VOCs在线监测体系,并将其应用于对广州市VOCs组分的分区分时段监测。上述监测系统业务化应用于广州市臭氧污染分布的长期监测,可为开展臭氧来源解析提供基础性的监测平台。  相似文献   

18.
便携式GC-MS在应急监测中的应用   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
建立了便携式GC-MS测定空气和水体中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的方法,能快速、有效地对空气中37种和水体中54种挥发性有机物进行现场定性和定量。具有相关性好、检出限低、精密度好、准确度高的特点,适用于空气和水体中挥发性有机物的应急监测工作。  相似文献   

19.
Air samples were collected in Izmir, Turkey at two (suburban and urban) sites during three sampling programs in 2002 and 2004 to determine the ambient concentrations of several monoaromatic, chlorinated and oxygenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Samples were analyzed for 60 VOCs using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and 28 compounds were detected in most samples. On the average, urban air VOC concentrations were about four times higher than those measured at the suburban site. Toluene (40.6%) was the most abundant compound in suburban site and was followed by benzene (7.4%), o,m-xylene (6.5%), and 1,2-dichloroethane (5.1%). In urban site, toluene (30.5%), p-xylene (14.9%), o,m-xylene (11.4%), and ethyl benzene (7.2%) were the dominating compounds in summer. In winter, toluene (31.1%), benzene (23.9%), 1,2-dichloroethane (9.5%), and o,m-xylene (8.2%) were the most abundant compounds. Receptor modeling (positive matrix factorization) has been performed to estimate the contribution of specific source types to ambient concentrations. Six source factors (gasoline vehicle exhaust, diesel vehicle exhaust+residential heating, paint production/application, degreasing, dry cleaning, and an undefined source) were extracted from the samples collected in the urban site. Three source factors (gasoline vehicle exhaust, diesel vehicle exhaust, and paint production/application) were identified for the suburban site.  相似文献   

20.
The compositions, spatial distributions, seasonal variations and ozone formation potential (OFP) of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were investigated in the atmosphere of Haicang District, Xiamen City, Southeast China. Twenty-four types of VOCs were measured in this study, and ethanol, methylene chloride, toluene, ethyl acetate and isopropyl alcohol were the abundant species based on concentration rank. The concentrations of total VOCs (TVOCs) in industrial areas were higher than those in residential and administrative areas and background site. For industrial areas, the TVOCs concentrations in summer were higher than those in winter, which might result from higher emissions from industrial activities because of stronger evaporation in summer. In contrast, non-industrial areas showed higher concentrations in winter due to the unfavorable meteorological conditions. The spatial distribution of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene) followed the order of industrial areas > residential and administrative areas > background site, and the concentrations in summer were lower than those in winter for most sites. The high ratios (8.9-14.0) of T/B in this study indicated that industrial emissions were the main sources in this district. X/B ratios were used to assess the ages of air parcels and provided evidence of the transport of air parcels among these sites. Total OFP (TOFP) showed the trend of increase with the increase of TVOCs, and toluene was found as the major contributor to TOFP.  相似文献   

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